| Official Name: | Motala |
| Pushpin Map: | Sweden Östergötland#Sweden |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Sweden |
| Subdivision Type3: | Municipality |
| Subdivision Name3: | Motala Municipality |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Östergötland County |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Östergötland |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Total Km2: | 19.29 |
| Population As Of: | 31 December 2010 |
| Population Total: | 29,823 |
| Population Density Km2: | 1546 |
| Timezone: | CET |
| Utc Offset: | +1 |
| Timezone Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset Dst: | +2 |
| Coordinates: | 58.5333°N 17°W |
Motala (in Swedish pronounced as /ˈmûːˌtɑːla/)[2] is a locality and the seat of Motala Municipality, Östergötland County, Sweden with 43,717 inhabitants in 2024.[3] It is the third largest city of Östergötland, following Linköping and Norrköping. Motala is situated on the eastern shore of Lake Vättern and is regarded as the main centre of both the Göta Canal and the surrounding lake region.
Motala Church dates from the 13th century. For several centuries, Motala remained a small village, mainly regarded as a stopping post on the road to the nearby town of Vadstena, one of the cultural centres of medieval Sweden. However, King Gustav Vasa had a manor house built at Motala and later Queen Kristina had a summer residence built at the spa resort of Medevi, north of the town.
When the Göta Canal was built in the early 19th century, Motala became an important town for the trade on the canal. The builder of the canal, Baltzar von Platen, has his grave beside it. The town received the minor privilege status of köping in 1823, while full city rights were granted as of April 1, 1881. With the Swedish municipal reform of 1971, Motala became the seat of Motala Municipality.
Motala Verkstad is an engineering company specialising in bridge and railway construction equipment. In the 1870 science fiction novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas by Jules Verne, the prow of the submarine Nautilus was built at Motala Verkstad. Later major Swedish industrial manufacturers such as Electrolux and Luxor had their main factories built in the city.
In 1963, Tetra Pak installed the first Tetra Brik packaging machine in Motala.
Motala has a temperate climate. Lake Vättern provides Motala with slightly cooler summers and milder winters compared to areas of inner Östergötland (± compared to the nearby city of Linköping[4]). The warmest month is July with an average daily mean temperature at, and an average daytime temperature at . The coldest month is February with an average daily mean at, and an average daytime temperature at .[5] Record temperatures between 1961 and 1990, as registered by Motala Kraftverk weather station, reaches from in February 1985 to in August 1975. The most recent data is from Swedish Armed Forces' weather station located approximately 30 km north-east of the city centre. Its inland position renders greater diurnal temperature difference. In addition the geographic location makes seasonal lag is less visible compared to station located near Vättern. [6] Motala generally experiences much rainfall, with the wettest month being August with an average of 71mm of rain. The driest month is March, with an average of 29mm of rain.
| Colspan=14 | Climate data for Motala | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average temperature Vättern °C | 3.2 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 8.1 | 14.5 | 18.2 | 18.3 | 14.8 | 10.5 | 7.5 | 4.9 | 8.9 |
| Mean daily daylight hours | 7.0 | 10.0 | 12.0 | 15.0 | 17.0 | 18.0 | 17.0 | 15.0 | 13.0 | 11.0 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 12.4 |
| Average Ultraviolet index | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| Colspan=14 style="background:#f8f9fa;font-weight:normal;font-size:95%;" | Source: Weather Atlas[7] |
Another important episode of Motala history began in 1927, when the Swedish national Motala longwave transmitter station was built. The town marks the middle of a straight line between Sweden's two biggest cities, Stockholm and Gothenburg. Radio programs were transferred from studios in Stockholm to Motala by telephone wire. The call was "Stockholm-Motala". The transmitter operated on 191 kHz until 1962, when the transmissions were moved to Orlunda. Since 1991 there have been no longwave transmissions at all by the Swedish Broadcasting Company, but the Motala transmitter, which is a museum today, sometimes makes low power transmissions which may only be received in the Motala area.
At Ervasteby, near Motala, there is a 3320NaN0 tall guyed mast, used for FM- and TV-broadcasting.
Some years before the broadcasting station was established the Luxor company was founded in Motala. Luxor soon became one of the largest radio and later television manufacturers in Sweden. In the 1980s Luxor started producing their own line of computers, like the ABC 80. In 1985 Luxor was acquired by Nokia, and eventually production moved elsewhere.
For sights surrounding Motala, see Motala Municipality.
The following sports clubs are located in Motala:
See also: Zvejnieki burial ground, Deriivka, Khvalynsk and Iron Gates Mesolithic. A November 2015 genetic study published in Nature included an analysis of six hunter-gatherers buried at Motala between ca. 6000 BC and 5700 BC. Of the four males surveyed, three carried the paternal haplogroup I2a1 or various subclades of it, while the other carried I2c. With regards to mtDNA, four individuals carried subclades of U5a, while two carried U2e1.