bgcolor=#BCD4E6 colspan=2 align="center" | Cycling monument | |
---|---|---|
First appeared in Ce soir newspaper by Albert Baker d'Isy | ||
bgcolor=#b0c4de colspan=2 align="center" | Information | |
Published: | 17 April 1949 | |
Origin: | France | |
Newspaper: | Ce soir | |
Author: | Albert Baker d'Isy | |
Race: | Paris–Roubaix | |
Article: | "monument" du cyclisme |
They each have a long history and specific individual characteristics. They are currently the one-day races in which most points can be earned in the UCI World Tour and the only 3rd categorized UCI races, only behind Grand Tour races; Tour de France (1st category) and Giro and Vuelta (both 2nd category).
Eddy Merckx is by far the most successful monument rider with 19 wins in total. He is the only cyclist in history to win three monuments in one season, a feat he achieved in 1969, 1971, 1972 and 1975.
On 17 April 1949, at the day of 47th Paris–Roubaix race edition, the term monument appeared for the first time in road cycling sport. French sports journalist Albert Baker d'Isy, specialised in cycling, published an article titled Paris–Roubaix: "monument" du cyclisme in the French newspaper Ce soir.
The five monuments are:
Year | Milan–San Remo | Tour of Flanders | Paris–Roubaix | Liège–Bastogne–Liège | Giro di Lombardia | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1892 | Not contested | Not contested | Not contested | (1/3) | Not contested | |
1893 | (2/3) | |||||
1894 | (3/3) | |||||
1895 | Not contested | |||||
1896 | ||||||
1897 | (1/2) | |||||
1898 | (2/2) | |||||
1899 | ||||||
1900 | ||||||
1901 | (1/2) | |||||
1902 | (2/2) | |||||
1903 | (1/2) | |||||
1904 | (2/2) | |||||
1905 | ||||||
1906 | ||||||
1907 | (1/2) | |||||
1908 | (1/2) | (2/2) | (1/2) | |||
1909 | (1/3) | |||||
1910 | (2/3) | Not contested | ||||
1911 | (2/2) | (3/3) | (1/6) | |||
1912 | (2/6) | (1/2) | ||||
1913 | (1/2) | (2/2) | (3/6) | |||
1914 | (2/2) | Not contested | ||||
1915 | Not contested | Not contested | (1/5) | |||
1916 | Not contested | |||||
1917 | (2/5) | |||||
1918 | (1/9) | (3/5) | ||||
1919 | (4/6) | (1/2) | (2/9) | |||
1920 | (4/5) | (1/2) | (2/2) | (5/6) | ||
1921 | (3/9) | (1/3) | (6/6) | (1/2) | (4/9) | |
1922 | (1/3) | (2/2) | (2/2) | (5/9) | ||
1923 | (6/9) | (1/2) | (2/2) | (2/3) | (2/3) | |
1924 | (1/2) | (2/2) | (3/3) | (3/3) | ||
1925 | (7/9) | (1/2) | (1/2) | (1/6) | ||
1926 | (8/9) | (2/2) | (2/6) | |||
1927 | (2/2) | (2/2) | (3/6) | |||
1928 | (9/9) | (5/5) | ||||
1929 | (4/6) | (1/4) | ||||
1930 | (1/2) | (2/2) | ||||
1931 | (5/6) | (1/3) | (1/4) | (2/4) | (6/6) | |
1932 | (2/3) | (3/3) | ||||
1933 | (1/2) | (3/4) | ||||
1934 | (2/4) | (3/4) | (2/2) | |||
1935 | (1/2) | (4/4) | (4/4) | |||
1936 | (1/7) | |||||
1937 | (1/2) | |||||
1938 | (2/2) | (1/2) | ||||
1939 | (2/7) | (3/7) | ||||
1940 | (4/7) | (1/3) | Not contested | Not contested | (5/7) | |
1941 | (2/3) | (1/2) | ||||
1942 | (1/2) | (2/2) | ||||
1943 | (2/2) | (3/3) | (1/2) | Not contested | ||
1944 | Not contested | (1/5) | Not contested | |||
1945 | (2/2) | |||||
1946 | (1/9) | (2/5) | (1/2) | (1/2) | (2/9) | |
1947 | (6/7) | (2/2) | (2/2) | (3/9) | ||
1948 | (4/9) | (2/2) | (3/5) | (5/9) | ||
1949 | (6/9) | (1/3) | (7/9) | |||
1950 | (7/7) | (2/3) | (8/9) | (2/2) | ||
1951 | (1/4) | (3/3) | (1/2) | (2/4) | ||
1952 | (1/2) | (4/5) | (2/2) | |||
1953 | (2/2) | (1/4) | ||||
1954 | (5/5) | (1/2) | (2/2) | (9/9) | ||
1955 | (2/4) | (3/4) | (1/2) | |||
1956 | (1/6) | (2/2) | (4/4) | (2/6) | ||
1957 | (1/2) | (3/6) | (4/6) | (3/4) | ||
1958 | (1/8) | (4/4) | (5/6) | |||
1959 | (2/2) | (2/8) | (1/2) | (6/6) | (3/8) | |
1960 | (1/3) | |||||
1961 | (1/3) | (4/8) | (5/8) | |||
1962 | (2/3) | (6/8) | (7/8) | (1/3) | ||
1963 | (2/2) | (3/3) | (2/3) | |||
1964 | (2/3) | (1/2) | ||||
1965 | (3/3) | (8/8) | (3/3) | |||
1966 | (1/19) | (1/4) | (2/4) | |||
1967 | (2/19) | (1/4) | (1/2) | |||
1968 | (2/2) | (2/4) | (3/19) | |||
1969 | (4/19) | (5/19) | (3/4) | (6/19) | ||
1970 | (1/3) | (7/19) | (1/11) | (2/2) | ||
1971 | (8/19) | (9/19) | (10/19) | |||
1972 | (11/19) | (2/3) | (2/11) | (12/19) | (13/19) | |
1973 | (3/11) | (3/3) | (14/19) | (15/19) | (3/4) | |
1974 | (4/4) | (4/11) | (5/11) | |||
1975 | (16/19) | (17/19) | (6/11) | (18/19) | (1/6) | |
1976 | (19/19) | (1/2) | (7/11) | |||
1977 | (1/4) | (8/11) | (9/11) | (1/5) | (1/2) | |
1978 | (10/11) | (4/4) | (2/6) | (2/2) | (3/6) | |
1979 | (11/11) | (2/4) | (4/6) | (2/5) | ||
1980 | (5/6) | (3/5) | (1/2) | |||
1981 | (2/2) | (1/4) | (4/5) | (2/4) | ||
1982 | (3/4) | (1/2) | ||||
1983 | (2/2) | (4/4) | (3/4) | (1/9) | ||
1984 | (6/6) | (2/9) | (3/9) | (5/5) | ||
1985 | (4/4) | (1/2) | (1/2) | (1/6) | (4/9) | |
1986 | (5/9) | (1/2) | (6/9) | (2/6) | (2/2) | |
1987 | (2/2) | (3/6) | (4/6) | |||
1988 | (1/2) | (1/2) | (2/2) | |||
1989 | (2/2) | (1/2) | (7/9) | (1/2) | ||
1990 | (1/2) | (5/6) | (2/2) | |||
1991 | (2/2) | (2/2) | (6/6) | (8/9) | ||
1992 | (9/9) | (1/2) | (2/2) | |||
1993 | (1/6) | (2/2) | (1/2) | (1/2) | ||
1994 | (2/2) | (1/3) | ||||
1995 | (1/2) | (2/6) | (1/2) | |||
1996 | (1/5) | (3/6) | (2/2) | (1/3) | ||
1997 | (1/4) | (2/2) | (2/5) | (2/2) | ||
1998 | (2/4) | (4/6) | (2/2) | (3/5) | (1/2) | |
1999 | (2/3) | (1/3) | (2/3) | |||
2000 | (3/4) | (3/3) | (5/6) | (1/5) | ||
2001 | (4/4) | (2/2) | (1/2) | |||
2002 | (3/3) | (6/6) | (2/5) | (4/5) | ||
2003 | (3/5) | (2/3) | (3/3) | (5/5) | ||
2004 | (1/3) | (1/3) | ||||
2005 | (1/7) | (2/7) | (1/2) | (4/5) | ||
2006 | (3/7) | (1/7) | (1/4) | (5/5) | ||
2007 | (2/3) | (2/2) | (2/3) | |||
2008 | (2/7) | (1/2) | (4/7) | (2/4) | (3/3) | |
2009 | (2/2) | (5/7) | (1/5) | |||
2010 | (3/3) | (3/7) | (4/7) | (2/2) | (2/5) | |
2011 | (3/5) | |||||
2012 | (1/2) | (6/7) | (7/7) | (1/2) | ||
2013 | (5/7) | (6/7) | (1/2) | (2/2) | ||
2014 | (1/2) | (7/7) | (1/2) | (2/2) | (2/2) | |
2015 | (1/2) | (2/2) | (2/2) | (3/4) | (1/3) | |
2016 | (1/2) | |||||
2017 | (4/5) | (4/4) | (2/3) | |||
2018 | (3/3) | (2/2) | (2/2) | |||
2019 | (5/5) | (1/2) | ||||
2020 | (1/6) | Not contested | (2/2) | |||
2021 | (1/6) | (2/6) | ||||
2022 | (2/6) | (1/2) | (3/6) | |||
2023 | (3/6) | (4/6) | (4/6) | (2/2) | (5/6) | |
2024 | (5/6) | (6/6) | (6/6) | |||
Year | Milan–San Remo | Tour of Flanders | Paris–Roubaix | Liège–Bastogne–Liège | Giro di Lombardia |
Only three riders have won all five monument races during their careers: Rik Van Looy, Eddy Merckx and Roger De Vlaeminck, all three Belgians, and only Eddy Merckx won each of them more than once.
Six riders won four different monuments. With multiple victories in all the other monuments, Sean Kelly almost joined the top group, finishing second in the Tour of Flanders on three occasions (1984, 1986 and 1987). Kelly is the only other rider, after Merckx, to win four different monuments on multiple occasions.
Dutch rider Hennie Kuiper won each monument except Liège–Bastogne–Liège, in which he finished second in 1980. Frenchman Louison Bobet also won all but Liège–Bastogne–Liège. Belgian rider Fred De Bruyne came close as well, finishing second in the Giro di Lombardia in 1955 and winning the other four races during his career. Germain Derycke also won four, all except the Giro di Lombardia. Philippe Gilbert is the most recent rider to win four different monuments, all except Milan–San Remo, in which he finished third twice.[1]
23 riders have won at least five monuments in their career.
Eddy Merckx also holds the record of most victories in a single Monument, winning Milan-San Remo seven times.[2]
Rank | Cyclist | Nationality | First win | Latest win | M–S | ToF | P–R | L–B–L | GdL | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1966 | 1976 | bgcolor=gold | 7 | 2 | 3 | bgcolor=gold | 5 | 2 | bgcolor=gold | 19 | ||
2 | 1970 | 1979 | 3 | 1 | bgcolor=gold | 4 | 1 | 2 | 11 | ||||
3 | 1918 | 1928 | 6 | 3 | 9 | ||||||||
1946 | 1954 | 3 | 1 | bgcolor=gold | 5 | 9 | |||||||
1983 | 1992 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 9 | |||||||
6 | 1958 | 1965 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 8 | |||||
7 | 1939 | 1950 | 4 | 3 | 7 | ||||||||
2005 | 2012 | bgcolor=gold | 3 | bgcolor=gold | 4 | 7 | |||||||
2006 | 2014 | 1 | bgcolor=gold | 3 | 3 | 7 | |||||||
10 | 1911 | 1921 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | |||||||
1925 | 1931 | 2 | 4 | 6 | |||||||||
1956 | 1959 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 6 | |||||||
1975 | 1984 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 | ||||||||
1985 | 1991 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 6 | ||||||||
1993 | 2002 | bgcolor=gold | 3 | 3 | 6 | ||||||||
2020 | 2024 | 1 | bgcolor=gold | 3 | 2 | 6 | |||||||
2021 | 2024 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | ||||||||
18 | 1915 | 1928 | 2 | 3 | 5 | ||||||||
1944 | 1954 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||
1977 | 1984 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||
1996 | 2003 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||
2000 | 2006 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||
2009 | 2019 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | |||||||
24 | 1931 | 1935 | 1 | 3 | 4 | ||||||||
1929 | 1935 | 1 | 3 | 4 | |||||||||
1951 | 1956 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |||||||
1953 | 1958 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |||||||
1966 | 1974 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | ||||||||
1967 | 1978 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | ||||||||
1981 | 1985 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |||||||
1977 | 1983 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | ||||||||
1997 | 2001 | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||
2006 | 2017 | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||
34 | 1892 | 1894 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
1909 | 1911 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||
1921 | 1924 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||||||||
1922 | 1924 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||||||||
1931 | 1932 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||
1940 | 1943 | bgcolor=gold | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
1949 | 1951 | bgcolor=gold | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
1962 | 1965 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||||||||
1960 | 1963 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||
1961 | 1965 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||
1970 | 1973 | bgcolor=gold | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
/ | 1994 | 2000 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |||||||
1996 | 2002 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||
1999 | 2003 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||
2004 | 2010 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||
2004 | 2008 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||
2015 | 2018 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Riders in blue are still active. Riders in green have won all five monuments. Number of wins in gold indicates the current record holder(s).
Rank | Nationality | M–S | ToF | P–R | L–B–L | GdL | Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 23 | bgcolor=gold | 69 | bgcolor=gold | 57 | bgcolor=gold | 61 | 12 | bgcolor=gold | 222 | |
2 | bgcolor=gold | 51 | 11 | 14 | 12 | bgcolor=gold | 69 | 157 | |||
3 | 14 | 3 | 28 | 5 | 12 | 62 | |||||
4 | 4 | 13 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 34 | |||||
5 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 21 | |||||
6 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 13 | |||||
7 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 11 | |||||
5 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 11 | ||||||
9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 8 | |||||
10 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | |||||
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 5 | ||||||
0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 | ||||||
13 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | |||||
14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | |||||
15 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |||||
0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||||||
18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||
0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||
Monument | Wins | Rider(s) | |
---|---|---|---|
Milan-San Remo | 7 | ||
Tour of Flanders | 3 | ||
Paris-Roubaix | 4 | ||
Liège-Bastogne-Liège | 5 | ||
Giro di Lombardia | 5 |
Only Eddy Merckx has been able to win three monuments in a single year – and he did it four times:
Milan–San Remo, Tour of Flanders and Liège–Bastogne–Liège | ||
---|---|---|
1969 | Eddy Merckx | |
1975 | Eddy Merckx |
Milan–San Remo, Liège–Bastogne–Liège and Giro di Lombardia | ||
---|---|---|
1971 | Eddy Merckx | |
1972 | Eddy Merckx |
26 different riders (including Eddy Merckx) have managed to win two Monuments in the same year. The most common "double" consists of the two cobbled classics (Tour of Flanders and Paris–Roubaix), which have been won by the same rider in the same year on 13 occasions. The Italian "double" (Milan–San Remo and Giro di Lombardia) has been achieved 11 times (including Merckx in 1971 and 1972). Only Merckx has won the combinations Milan–San Remo/Tour of Flanders and Tour of Flanders/Liège–Bastogne–Liège, when he won all three Monuments in 1969 and 1975. Only once have two riders (Tadej Pogačar and Mathieu van der Poel) won two Monuments each in the same year (2023).
Milan–San Remo and Paris–Roubaix | ||
---|---|---|
1908 | Cyrille van Hauwaert | |
1986 | Sean Kelly | |
2015 | John Degenkolb | |
2023 | Mathieu van der Poel |
Milan–San Remo and Giro di Lombardia | ||
---|---|---|
1921 | Costante Girardengo | |
1930 | Michele Mara | |
1931 | Alfredo Binda | |
1939 | Gino Bartali | |
1940 | Gino Bartali | |
1946 | Fausto Coppi | |
1948 | Fausto Coppi | |
1949 | Fausto Coppi | |
1951 | Louison Bobet |
Tour of Flanders and Paris–Roubaix | ||
---|---|---|
1923 | Heiri Suter | |
1932 | Romain Gijssels | |
1934 | Gaston Rebry | |
1954 | Raymond Impanis | |
1957 | Fred De Bruyne | |
1962 | Rik Van Looy | |
1977 | Roger De Vlaeminck | |
2003 | Peter Van Petegem | |
2005 | Tom Boonen | |
2010 | Fabian Cancellara | |
2012 | Tom Boonen | |
2013 | Fabian Cancellara | |
2024 | Mathieu van der Poel |
Tour of Flanders and Giro di Lombardia | ||
---|---|---|
1959 | Rik Van Looy | |
1981 | Hennie Kuiper | |
2023 | Tadej Pogačar |
Paris–Roubaix and Liège–Bastogne–Liège | ||
---|---|---|
1961 | Rik Van Looy | |
1973 | Eddy Merckx | |
1984 | Sean Kelly |
Paris–Roubaix and Giro di Lombardia | ||
---|---|---|
1966 | Felice Gimondi | |
1974 | Roger De Vlaeminck | |
1978 | Francesco Moser |
Liège–Bastogne–Liège and Giro di Lombardia | ||
---|---|---|
1987 | Moreno Argentin | |
2021 | Tadej Pogačar |
Both Belgian 'monuments' – The Tour of Flanders and Liège–Bastogne–Liège Femmes – organise women's events on the same day and partly the same course as the men's events.[3] A women's version of Milan–San Remo, named Primavera Rosa, was initiated in 1999, but cancelled after 2005.[4] The first edition of Paris–Roubaix Femmes took place in October 2021, after the 2020 edition was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 2021 race was won by Lizzie Deignan,[5] who became the first women's rider to win a classic triple crown of the three existing monuments, having won 'Ronde van Vlaanderen' in 2016, and Liege-Bastogne-Liege in 2020.
Year | Milan–San Remo | Tour of Flanders | Paris–Roubaix Femmes | Liège–Bastogne–Liège | Giro di Lombardia | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999 | Not contested | Not contested | Not contested | Not contested | ||
2000 | ||||||
2001 | ||||||
2002 | (1/3) | |||||
2003 | (1/3) | |||||
2004 | (2/3) | (3/3) | ||||
2005 | (2/3) | |||||
2006 | Not contested | (3/3) | ||||
2007 | ||||||
2008 | (1/2) | |||||
2009 | ||||||
2010 | ||||||
2011 | (1/4) | |||||
2012 | (2/2) | |||||
2013 | ||||||
2014 | ||||||
2015 | (1/3) | |||||
2016 | (1/3) | |||||
2017 | (1/3) | |||||
2018 | (2/3) | (3/3) | ||||
2019 | (2/4) | |||||
2020 | (2/3) | |||||
2021 | (3/4) | (3/3) | (1/2) | |||
2022 | (1/3) | (2/3) | (4/4) | |||
2023 | (2/3) | (2/2) | ||||
2024 | (3/3) | (3/3) | ||||
Year | Milan–San Remo | Tour of Flanders | Paris–Roubaix | Liège–Bastogne–Liège | Giro di Lombardia |
Rank | Cyclist | Nationality | M–S | ToF | P–R | L–B–L | GdL | Total | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Annemiek van Vleuten | 0 | bgcolor=gold | 2 | 0 | bgcolor=gold | 2 | 0 | 4 | |
2 | bgcolor=gold | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |||
1 | bgcolor=gold | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | ||||
0 | 1 | 0 | bgcolor=gold | 2 | 0 | 3 | ||||
0 | 1 | bgcolor=gold | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | ||||
0 | bgcolor=gold | 2 | bgcolor=gold | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |||
0 | bgcolor=gold | 2 | bgcolor=gold | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |||
8 | 0 | bgcolor=gold | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |||
0 | 0 | 0 | bgcolor=gold | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Rank | Nationality | M–S | ToF | P–R | L–B–L | GdL | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | bgcolor=gold | 8 | 0 | bgcolor=gold | 6 | 0 | bgcolor=gold | 15 | |
2 | 1 | 3 | bgcolor=gold | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | |||
3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | ||||
0 | 2 | bgcolor=gold | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | ||||
0 | 3 | bgcolor=gold | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | ||||
6 | bgcolor=gold | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |||
7 | 0 | 0 | bgcolor=gold | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||
0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||
0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |