| Official Name: | Montgomery Township Gibson County |
| Settlement Type: | Township |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Indiana |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Gibson |
| Subdivision Type3: | School District |
| Subdivision Name3: | South Gibson School Corporation |
| Government Type: | Indiana township |
| Leader Title: | Trustee |
| Leader Name: | DeWayne Wade |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 97.2 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 91.64 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 5.56 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Total: | 4020 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | auto |
| Timezone: | CST |
| Utc Offset: | -6 |
| Timezone Dst: | CDT |
| Utc Offset Dst: | -5 |
| Elevation Footnotes: | [1] |
| Elevation M: | 134 (AVG) |
| Elevation Ft: | 440 (AVG) |
| Coordinates: | 38.2875°N -87.7294°W |
| Postal Code Type: | ZIP code |
| Postal Code: | 47665 |
| Area Code: | 812 & 930 |
| Blank Name: | FIPS code |
| Blank Info: | 18-50706[2] |
| Blank1 Name: | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank1 Info: | 453649 |
| Footnotes: | Largest Township in area in Gibson County. Encompasses slightly less than 1/5 of county's total area. |
| Named For: | Thomas Montgomery |
Montgomery Township is the largest (in area) of the ten townships in Gibson County, Indiana as well as one of the largest townships by area in Southwestern Indiana, USA. At the 2020 census, its population was 4,020 (up from 3,996 at 2010[3]) and it contained 1,624 housing units,[4] 75% of which were in areas adjacent to Owensville. Montgomery Township is served by the South Gibson School Corporation. Gibson Generating Station and Gibson Lake are located at the northern end of Montgomery Township.
According to the 2010 census, the township had a total area of, of which (or 94.28%) is land and (or 5.72%) is water.[3] Lakes in the township include Broad Pond (Gibson Lake), Burnett's Pond and Mauck's Pond. The Wabash River borders the northwest township line.
"Purty Old Tom" is noted by the historian Gil R. Stormont[5] as the origin of the name for the township, one of the original six created by the commissioners of the newly formed county in 1813. Thomas "Purty Old Tom" Montgomery came to southern Knox County in 1805 and marked an oak tree near a spring. Something delayed his return with his family to claim that land, so he ended up settling on the west bank of Black River near the present site of Owensville. He is mentioned on the Gibson County and Montgomery County, Kentucky page. He was one of seven sons of Hugh Montgomery Sr., of Virginia to fight in the Revolutionary War.[6]
(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)
The township contains ten cemeteries: Montgomery, Smith, Benson, Clark, Knowles, Mauck, Oak Grove, Old Union, Skelton, Owensville and Wilson.