Live Nation Entertainment Explained

Live Nation Entertainment, Inc.
Former Name:Live Nation, Inc.
Type:Public
Industry:Entertainment
Hq Location City:Beverly Hills, California
Hq Location Country:United States
Area Served:Worldwide
Products:Ticketing technology
Revenue Year:2023
Income Year:2023
Net Income Year:2023
Assets Year:2023
Equity Year:2023
Num Employees:14,700
Num Employees Year:2023
Owner:Liberty Media (30.62%)
Footnotes:[1] [2]

Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. is an American multinational entertainment company that was founded in 2010 following the merger of Live Nation and Ticketmaster. It promotes, operates and manages ticket sales for live entertainment internationally. It also owns and operates entertainment venues and manages the careers of music artists.

The company has faced widespread criticism over its central role in the consolidation of the live events industry, allegations that it proactively engages in anti-competitive practices, poor handling of the ticket sale process for highly popular events, and injuries and deaths that have occurred at many of its events.

As of early 2023, Live Nation's annual shareholders report says the company has controlling interests in 338 venues globally and believes itself to be "the largest live entertainment company in the world," "the largest producer of live music concerts in the world," "the world’s leading live entertainment ticketing sales and marketing company," and "one of" the world's biggest artist management companies and music advertising networks for corporate brands.[3]

In May 2024, the Justice Department and a coalition of states sued to break up Live Nation over antitrust violations.[4]

History

In 2009, Live Nation and Ticketmaster, a concert promotion firm and ticketing company, reached an agreement to merge. The new company received regulatory approval and was named Live Nation Entertainment.[5] [6] Michael Rapino, then CEO of Live Nation, became the new company's CEO, while Ticketmaster CEO Irving Azoff was named executive chairman.[7]

The merger was approved first in Norway and Turkey in 2009.[8] The United Kingdom's Competition Commission provisionally ruled against the merger,[9] but reversed its decision on December 22, 2009.

The merger was opposed in the U.S. by some regulators, artists, fans, and competing firms, who argued it would reduce competition in the industry and increase ticket costs.[10] [11] Rock musician Bruce Springsteen was a vocal opponent of the merger at the time.[12]

On January 25, 2010, the U.S. Justice Department approved the merger pending certain conditions.[13] Ticketmaster had to sell ownership of its self-ticketing company, Paciolan, and license its software to Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG), which would allow it to compete "head-to-head" with Ticketmaster for business.[14] [15] AEG was given the option after five years to buy the software, replace it with something else, or partner with another ticketing company. Additionally, Live Nation Entertainment was placed under a 10-year court order prohibiting it from retaliating against venues that choose to accept competing ticket contracts.

Investments and growth

In 2017, Live Nation Entertainment reported revenue of $10.3 billion.[16] [17]

In April 2018, the United States Department of Justice launched an investigation following allegations by AEG that Live Nation pressured them into using Ticketmaster and intentionally avoided booking acts for AEG venues.[18] Live Nation stated that decisions in selecting venues were not punitive, and were instead based on size and management.

In 2020, Live Nation was hit particularly hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, with essentially all concerts and sporting events around the world on hold. The company has been sued as it has been reluctant to offer full refunds to customers,[19] though it has since amended its refund rules to address those complaints. On February 25, 2021, Live Nation released its full-year 2020 financial results, of which the company saw revenues fall by 84%.[20]

Northeastern United States

In 2016, Live Nation acquired Founders Entertainment, the New York City-based parent company of the Governors Ball Music Festival.[21] In 2017, Live Nation announced New York City-based promotion company Mercury East in partnership with Michael Swier, a founder of The Bowery Presents, since acquired by AEG.[22] The deal brought former "indie" clubs Mercury Lounge and Bowery Ballroom under the Live Nation umbrella, along with other Live Nation-owned venues including Irving Plaza, Gramercy Theatre, and the Ford Amphitheater at Coney Island.[23]

In 2021, Live Nation announced a joint venture with Duke Concept, a concert promoter specialising in African artists, in which Duke Concept handles production and logistics with Live Nation providing support and a network of venues, for touring Afrobeat artists.[24]

Western United States

In 2013, Live Nation announced a joint venture with Insomniac Events, a promoter focused on electronic dance music.[25] [26] The company continued to invest in music festivals and promoters in 2017, purchasing a controlling interest in BottleRock Napa Valley Music Festival,[27] Salt Lake City-based concert promoter United Concerts,[28] and CT Touring.[29]

In 2021, Live Nation acquired a majority stake in streaming entertainment company Veeps.[30]

Southern United States

In 2013, the company acquired the New Orleans Voodoo Music + Arts Experience.[31] Live Nation later acquired C3 Presents in Austin, Texas (2014),[32] Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival in Tennessee (2015),[33] Knoxville-based AC Entertainment (2016),[34] Red Mountain Entertainment (2018),[35] and Emporium Presents.[36]

In October 2019, Live Nation acquired a majority stake in David Grutman's Groot Hospitality, which includes several nightclubs and restaurants in the Miami metropolitan area, including the Fontainebleau Miami Beach hotel's LIV nightclub.[37]

Midwestern United States

In 2018, the company acquired majority stakes in Wisconsin-based Frank Productions.[38]

International

In 2012, the company announced a partnership with Creativeman Productions, based in Tokyo, Japan.[39]

In August 2015, Live Nation announced it would form Live Nation Germany, in partnership with German promoter Marek Lieberberg. Live Nation Germany would also have oversight over Live Nation events in Austria and Switzerland.[40] In February 2016, Live Nation acquired Canada's largest independent concert promoter, Union Events.[41] The following month in March 2016, Live Nation acquired Big Concerts International, South Africa's leading concert promoter.[42]

In 2017, Live Nation purchased a controlling interest in Israeli promoter Blue Stone Entertainment and the United Kingdom's Cuffe & Taylor.[43]

In May 2018, Live Nation Entertainment also acquired a majority stake in Brazil's Rock in Rio festival, including from previous stakeholder SFX Entertainment, which was involved in a failed attempt at a U.S. version of the event in Las Vegas, with its founder Roberto Medina continuing to manage the festival's operations, and providing consulting to Live Nation.[44]

In April 2020, it was disclosed that Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund (PIF) recently acquired a 5.7% stake in Live Nation, as of April 28, 2020, the investment was valued at just shy of $500 million. The transaction, performed on the open market, made the PIF Live Nation's third-largest shareholder.[45] [46]

On April 25, 2022, Live Nation acquired Philippines-based promoter Music Management International (MMI) to create its local branch.[47]

Operating divisions

Live Nation Entertainment's business segments are concerts, ticketing, and sponsorship and advertising. The company promotes and operates live music events and manages artists under its concerts division Live Nation Concerts. Live Nation Entertainment's artist management arm, called Artist Nation, is included within its concerts division[48] and also includes Front Line Management and Roc Nation.[49] Live Nation Entertainment owns and operates hundreds of venues globally. The company sells tickets to live events through Ticketmaster.

Legal issues

The company has faced various lawsuits alleging ticket price fixing, hidden fees and anti-competitive practices.[50] [51] [52]

In May 2022, Representative for New Jersey's 9th congressional district Bill Pascrell stated that he had issued letters to the Federal Trade Commission and U.S. Department of Justice calling for Live Nation to be unwound and broken up, citing its safety record and other factors.[53] These calls were repeated in November 2022 after the Taylor Swift (The Eras Tour) Ticketmaster controversy.[54]

On August 2, 2023, Dynamic Ticket Systems, LLC. sued Ticketmaster and Live Nation for patent infringement.[55] [56]

Destiny's Child manager Mathew Knowles unsuccessfully sued Live Nation in 2011, asserting that the company had spread false information about his business dealings with Beyoncé.[57]

In May 2024,[58] the company confirmed rumours of a 1.3 TB[59] data leak,[60] at subsidiary Ticketmaster,[61] whose potential impact may extend to over 500 million of their customers,[62] making it one of the world's biggest digital security breaches.[63] The leak was attributed to the malicious efforts of ShinyHunters, a hacker group who allegedly targeted the company's Snowflake (cloud-based)[64] infrastructure.[65] The incident led to a class action lawsuit.[66] [67]

Department of Justice lawsuit

On May 23, 2024, the U.S. Department of Justice announced it was suing Live Nation Entertainment over what it alleges are anti-competitive practices. The DOJ was joined in the lawsuit by 29 states and the District of Columbia.[68]

Injuries and deaths

Live Nation has been linked to at least 200 deaths and 750 injuries at its events in seven countries since 2006. From 2016 to 2019, they had also been cited for at least ten OSHA violations, fined for several more serious incidents, and sued civilly at least once for a concert incident.[69] [70]

In June 2013, Live Nation was charged with violating Ontario health and safety laws following a 2012 stage collapse at a Radiohead concert that killed one crew member.[71] [72] A 2019 inquest returned a verdict of accidental death.[73] A British inquest later that year found that inadequate technical advice and construction techniques had caused the death.[74]

On October 1, 2017, the Route 91 Harvest Festival shooting left 58 people dead and hundreds more injured. It is the deadliest mass shooting in US history. The shooter fired at attendees from the 32nd floor of Mandalay Bay.[75]

In November 2021, a crowd crushing incident occurred at Astroworld Festival—a Live Nation-promoted concert in Houston organized and headlined by rapper Travis Scott—which resulted in 10 fatalities[76] [77] and nearly 5,000 injuries.[78] Live Nation, Scott, and other parties involved have been named in over 387 lawsuits related to the incident, which in January 2022 were combined down into a single case.[79] [80] [81] In December 2021, the United States Congress House Oversight Committee announced a bipartisan investigation into Live Nation's role in the incident.[82] [83]

In February 2022, the family of Drakeo the Ruler filed a wrongful death lawsuit against Live Nation in the Los Angeles County Superior Court, after the rapper was killed in a homicide that occurred backstage at the Once Upon a Time in LA music festival at BMO Stadium. The suit claimed that Live Nation had negligently failed to employ proper and effective security measures at the event. Live Nation sought a motion to dismiss the suit, arguing that the incident was rare and "unforeseen". In January 2023, judge Yolanda Orozc rejected the motion and allowed the suit to continue, ruling that "the fact that defendants knew security would be needed for the event, supports the finding that the performing artists’ safety was a concern for defendants and foreseeable to defendants."[84] [85] [86]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2023 Form 10-K, Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. . 23 February 2024 . U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
  2. Web site: Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. 2022 Proxy statement. 2022-07-02.
  3. Web site: Live Nation Annual Report 2022 . Live Nation . 29 September 2023 . 2.
  4. Web site: Whitten . Ece Yildirim,Sarah . 2024-05-23 . Justice Department sues to break up Live Nation, parent of Ticketmaster . 2024-05-23 . CNBC . en.
  5. News: British Regulator Supports Live Nation-Ticketmaster Merger. Nicholson. Chris V.. The New York Times. 22 December 2009.
  6. Web site: Live Nation, Ticketmaster merger official. The Hollywood Reporter. 10 February 2009. en. 2019-07-16.
  7. News: Live Nation to buy Ticketmaster. 2009-02-10. Reuters. 2019-07-16. en.
  8. Live Nation-Ticketmaster Merger Approved in U.K.. Kreps. Daniel. 2009-12-22. Rolling Stone. en-US. 2019-07-16.
  9. News: Live Nation/Ticketmaster Merger Faces Obstacles Here and Abroad. Van Buskirk, Eliot. October 12, 2009. Wired. 2009-10-19.
  10. Bruce Springsteen "Furious" At Ticketmaster, Rails Against Live Nation Merger. Kreps. Daniel. 2009-02-04. Rolling Stone. en-US. 2019-07-16.
  11. News: Ticketmaster / Live Nation merger: 25,000 contact DOJ to oppose the deal. Branch, Alfred Jr.. January 19, 2010. January 26, 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20100122153341/http://www.ticketnews.com/Ticketmaster-Live-Nation-merger-twenty-five-thousand-contact-DOJ-to-oppose-the-deal11019818. January 22, 2010. dead. TicketNews.
  12. News: Bruce Springsteen "Furious" At Ticketmaster, Rails Against Live Nation Merger. https://web.archive.org/web/20090207073333/http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2009/02/04/bruce-springsteen-furious-at-ticketmaster-rails-against-live-nation-merger. dead. February 7, 2009. February 4, 2009. 2009-10-19. Rolling Stone.
  13. News: Ticketmaster-Live Nation merger gets Justice Department's approval. https://web.archive.org/web/20100129062607/http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-ct-ticketmaster26-2010jan26,0,5237319,full.story. dead. January 29, 2010. Chmielewski, Dawn C. and Fritz, Ben and Lewis, Randy. January 26, 2010. January 26, 2010. The Los Angeles Times.
  14. News: DOJ Approves Modified Ticketmaster, Live Nation Merger. Van Buskirk, Eliot. January 25, 2010. Wired News. January 26, 2010.
  15. News: Justice Dept. Clears Ticketmaster-Live Nation Merger. Sisario. Ben. 2010-01-25. The New York Times. 2019-07-16. en-US. 0362-4331.
  16. Web site: Live Nation Vertically Integrates to Corner the Live Events Industry . The Motley Fool . 2019-07-16 . 2018-09-13.
  17. Web site: Live Nation Reports Over $10 Billion in Revenue in 2017 Financial Earnings. 2018-02-27. Amplify. en-US. 2019-07-17.
  18. News: Live Nation Rules Music Ticketing, Some Say With Threats. Ben. Sisario. Graham. Bowley. The New York Times. 1 April 2018. 10 June 2019.
  19. Web site: Chmura . Chris . SF Lawsuit Targets Ticketmaster For Postponed Concert Refunds . NBC Bay Area . 24 May 2024.
  20. Web site: 2021-02-26. Live Nation Revenues Dropped Nearly 85% in 2020; CEO 'Excited' About Company's Future. 2021-02-26. Source of the Spring. en-US.
  21. News: Live Nation Adds Governors Ball to Its Music Festival Lineup. The New York Times. 11 April 2016 . 2018-10-15. Sisario . Ben .
  22. Web site: Sisario . Ben . Bowery Ballroom and Mercury Lounge Join With Live Nation . The New York Times . 29 September 2023 . 18 December 2017.
  23. Web site: Aswad . Jem . Live Nation Forms New Venture With Bowery Ballroom and Mercury Lounge . Variety . 29 September 2023 . 18 December 2017.
  24. Web site: Brooks . Dave . 2021-12-10 . Duke Concept Launches Live Nation Joint Venture . 2024-03-04 . Billboard . en-US.
  25. News: Electronic Daisy Chain. Spin. 2018-08-11.
  26. News: Live Nation Teams With Insomniac Events in 'Creative Partnership'. Billboard. 2018-08-11.
  27. News: Live Nation acquires major stake in BottleRock festival. SF Chronicle. 2018-08-11.
  28. Web site: Live Nation acquires Salt Lake's United Concerts. Fox. Doug. Daily Herald. en. 2019-07-17. 2021-04-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20210427155353/https://www.heraldextra.com/entertainment/music/live-nation-acquires-salt-lake-s-united-concerts/article_aeba440c-9fe6-55b9-921a-8e3f21ddb343.html. dead.
  29. Web site: Live Nation acquires CT Touring. 2017-01-20. IQ Magazine. en-GB. 2019-07-17.
  30. Web site: Aswad. Jem. 2021-01-19. Live Nation Acquires Majority Stake in Livestream Platform Veeps. 2022-01-25. Variety. en-US.
  31. News: Live Nation Acquires Voodoo Music & Arts Experience in New Orleans. Billboard. 2018-10-15.
  32. News: Live Nation Completes Deal for C3 Presents. Billboard. 2017-10-28.
  33. Web site: Live Nation Entertainment buys controlling stake in Bonnaroo festival. Faughnder. Ryan. Los Angeles Times. 28 April 2015. 2019-07-17.
  34. News: Live Nation buys AC Entertainment. The Tennessean. 2016-11-16.
  35. Web site: Live Nation buys Red Mountain Entertainment, Birmingham's largest concert promoter. Colurso. Mary. 2018-06-27. al.com. en-US. 2019-07-17.
  36. News: Live Nation Acquires Emporium Presents. Billboard. 2018-12-12. en-us.
  37. News: Live Nation Acquires David Grutman's Groot Hospitality. Billboard. 2019-10-21.
  38. Live Nation Acquires Frank Productions: Exclusive. Billboard. 11 January 2018. 2019-07-17.
  39. News: Live Nation Shrinks Loss, Announces Asian Partnership. 2019-07-17 . Los Angeles Business Journal. 23 February 2012 .
  40. News: Live Nation Launches German Arm, Appoints Respected Promoter Marek Lieberberg to Lead . Billboard . 2018-10-15.
  41. News: Live Nation Canada Acquires Union Events . fyimusicnews . 2022-01-11.
  42. News: Live Nation acquires leading South Africa concert promoter . BizJournals . 2018-10-15.
  43. News: 2017-02-07 . Live Nation acquires majority stake in Israel's Bluestone Entertainment. en-US . Music Business Worldwide . 2017-12-12.
  44. 2 May 2018 . Live Nation Acquires Rock in Rio Festival . Billboard . 2018-12-11.
  45. Web site: Littleton. Jem Aswad,Cynthia. Aswad. Jem. Littleton. Cynthia. 2020-04-27. Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund Acquires $500 Million Stake in Live Nation. 2021-01-13. Variety. en-US.
  46. Web site: Turak . Natasha . 2020-04-27 . Saudi Arabia buys $500 million stake in coronavirus-hit Live Nation, stock jumps nearly 10% . 2021-01-13 . CNBC . en.
  47. Web site: 2022-04-25 . Live Nation launches in PH with acquisition of Music Management Int'l . 2022-04-25 . ABS-CBN News . en.
  48. Web site: 2017-02-27 . Live Nation companies now manage over 500 artists worldwide . 2019-07-16 . Music Business Worldwide . en-US.
  49. 21 April 2017 . Jay Z, Live Nation Enter Into New Long Term Deal, Continue Roc Nation Partnership: Exclusive . Billboard . 2019-07-17.
  50. News: NJ man sues concert promoter over ticket pricing . Chicago Defender . July 8, 2009.
  51. News: Smith . Van . I.M.P. loses long-fought antitrust suit against Live Nation . Baltimore Sun . February 20, 2015.
  52. Web site: Nuss . Jeanne . Ark. court hears arguments in Ticketmaster case . Yahoo News . March 8, 2012.
  53. Web site: Haring . Bruce . 2022-05-08 . Live Nation Should Be Broken Up, Says New Jersey Congressman, Citing Safety Record . 2022-05-15 . Deadline . en-US.
  54. Web site: Clark . Travis . November 15, 2022 . Ticketmaster was 'experiencing technical difficulties and outage reports surged as presale started for Taylor Swift's Eras tour . November 15, 2022 . Business Insider.
  55. [Bloomberg Law]
  56. [Justia]
  57. News: Beyoncé fired father Mathew Knowles after Live Nation accused him of theft, he alleges in lawsuit . Los Angeles Times . July 12, 2011.
  58. Web site: MUKHERJEE . AMRITANSHU . From ‘The Eras Tour’ Debacle To A Data Breach, Decoding The Live Nation-Ticketmaster Controversy . August Man . 8 June 2024.
  59. Web site: Ikeda . Scott . 560 Million Ticketmaster Customers Impacted by Recent Data Breach, Includes Financial Information . CPO Magazine . 8 June 2024.
  60. Web site: Jackson . Ashleigh . Ticketmaster data breach? Hackers claim over 500 million users compromised . The Hill . 8 June 2024.
  61. Web site: Hewson . Georgie . Home Affairs Department confirms cyber incident impacting Ticketmaster customers . ABC News . 8 June 2024.
  62. Web site: Siddiqui . Zeba . Live Nation probing Ticketmaster hack amid user data leak concerns . MarketScreener . 8 June 2024.
  63. Web site: Popa . Claudiu . 560 Million Human Identities Have Been Stolen. Who’s at Risk? . Medium . 8 June 2024.
  64. Web site: Seals . Tara . Ticketmaster Confirms Cloud Breach, Amid Murky Details . Dark Reading . 8 June 2024.
  65. Web site: McGowran . Leigh . Ticketmaster breach linked to growing Snowflake attack . Silicon Republic . 8 June 2024.
  66. Web site: Schappert . Stefanie . Ticketmaster hit with class action suit over massive data breach . Cybernews . 8 June 2024.
  67. Web site: Penn . Saffire . 560 million Ticketmaster customers’ personal details allegedly stolen by hacker group . Jurist . 8 June 2024.
  68. News: McCabe . David . Sisario . Ben . 2024-05-23 . U.S. Calls for Breakup of Ticketmaster Owner . 2024-05-24 . The New York Times . en-US . 0362-4331.
  69. Web site: Banks . Gabrielle . November 6, 2021 . Astroworld promoters oversaw other events where concertgoers trampled fellow fans, broke barricades . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20211106151857/https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston-texas/article/Astroworld-Festival-concert-producer-has-history-16597508.php . November 6, 2021 . December 8, 2021 . Houston Chronicle.
  70. Web site: Jenkins . Craig . November 10, 2021 . There Won't Be Easy Answers for This . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20211111002440/https://www.vulture.com/article/essay-travis-scott-astroworld-tragedy-what-now.html . November 11, 2021 . November 11, 2021 . . New York Media.
  71. News: 'I feel so let down by Canada': Radiohead and drum tech's parents demand answers in his Toronto death . en . CBC News . 2017-11-30.
  72. News: 7 June 2013 . Live Nation, engineer charged in Radiohead stage collapse . . 8 June 2013.
  73. News: 2019-04-11 . Radiohead stage death inquest ends . en-GB . 2019-07-17.
  74. Web site: Strauss . Matthew . Hogan . Marc . 20 November 2020 . Radiohead issue statement on "negligence" found in deadly 2012 stage collapse . 2020-11-20 . . en-us.
  75. Web site: Whitaker . Sterling. 2017-11-21 . Hundreds of Las Vegas Victims File Suit Against Live Nation, MGM . 2023-11-10 . Taste of Country . en.
  76. Web site: Chris Willman . November 14, 2021 . 9-Year-Old Boy Dies From Astroworld Injuries, Pushing Death Toll to 10 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20211115042510/https://variety.com/2021/music/news/astroworld-victim-dies-9-year-old-tenth-fatality-1235112127/ . November 15, 2021 . . November 15, 2021.
  77. News: Villarreal . Alexandra . November 6, 2021 . Astroworld festival concert crush leaves at least eight dead . The Guardian . live . November 6, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211106080007/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/nov/06/astroworld-festival-concert-crush-leaves-at-least-eight-dead . November 6, 2021.
  78. Web site: 2022-05-11 . Nearly 5,000 people injured in Astroworld tragedy, new filing says . 2022-05-15 . NME . en-GB.
  79. Web site: González . David . March 1, 2022 . Judge separates Astroworld Festival lawsuit plaintiffs into four categories . March 1, 2022 . . en.
  80. Donahue . Bill . January 31, 2022 . Hundreds Of Astroworld Lawsuits Formally Combined Into Single Giant Case . . en . February 4, 2022.
  81. News: Shay . Miya . February 22, 2022 . Cone of silence: Gag order issued for Astroworld civil cases . en . . February 23, 2022.
  82. News: Watts. Amanda. LeBlanc. Paul. December 23, 2021. Congressional panel will investigate Live Nation's role in Astroworld tragedy. CNN Politics. December 31, 2021.
  83. News: Brown. August. December 22, 2021. Congress launches probe into Live Nation's deadly Astroworld festival. Los Angeles Times. December 31, 2021.
  84. Dillon . Nancy . 2023-01-12 . Live Nation Loses Bid to Get Drakeo the Ruler Stabbing Death Lawsuit Dismissed . 2023-03-16 . Rolling Stone . en-US.
  85. Donahue . Bill . 2023-01-12 . Live Nation Must Face Lawsuit Over Drakeo The Ruler's Murder, Judge Rules . 2023-03-16 . Billboard . en-US.
  86. Web site: Aswad . Jem . December 21, 2021 . Drakeo the Ruler's Mother Demands 'Justice' for Her Son's Murder, Plans to Sue . December 23, 2021 . Variety.

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