Module:Ancient Greek Explained

local p =

local macron = mw.ustring.char(0x304)local breve = mw.ustring.char(0x306)local rough = mw.ustring.char(0x314)local smooth = mw.ustring.char(0x313)local diaeresis = mw.ustring.char(0x308)local acute = mw.ustring.char(0x301)local grave = mw.ustring.char(0x300)local circumflex = mw.ustring.char(0x342)local Latin_circumflex = mw.ustring.char(0x302)local subscript = mw.ustring.char(0x345)local macron_circumflex = macron .. diaeresis .. '?' .. Latin_circumflex

local is_velar =

local UTF8_char = "[%z\1-\127\194-\244][\128-\191]*"local basic_Greek = "[\206-\207][\128-\191]" -- excluding first line of Greek and Coptic block: ͰͱͲͳʹ͵Ͷͷͺͻͼͽ;Ϳ

local info =

-- The tables are shared among different characters so that they can be checked-- for equality if needed, and to use less space.local vowel = local iota = local upsilon = -- Technically rho is only a seat for rough or smooth breathing.local rho = local consonant = local diacritic = -- Needed for equality comparisons.local breathing =

local function add_info(characters, t) if type(characters)

"string" then for character in string.gmatch(characters, UTF8_char) do info[character] = t end else for _, character in ipairs(characters) do info[character] = t end endend

add_info(diacritic)

add_info(breathing)add_info("ΑΕΗΟΩαεηοω", vowel)add_info("Ιι", iota)add_info("Υυ", upsilon)add_info("ΒΓΔΖΘΚΛΜΝΞΠΡΣΤΦΧΨϜϘϺϷͶϠβγδζθκλμνξπρσςτφχψϝϙϻϸͷϡ", consonant)add_info("Ρρ", rho)

local not_recognized = setmetatable(info,)

local function quote(str) return "“" .. str .. "”"end

local correspondences =

local ALA_LC =

local Wiktionary_transliteration =

local function add_index_metamethod(t, index_metamethod) local mt = getmetatable(t) if not mt then mt = setmetatable(t, mt) end mt.__index = index_metamethodend

--[=[ This breaks a word into meaningful "tokens", which are individual letters or diphthongs with their diacritics. Used by [[Module:grc-accent]] and .--]=]local function tokenize(text) local tokens, vowel_info, prev_info =,, local token_i = 1 local prev for character in string.gmatch(mw.ustring.toNFD(text), UTF8_char) do local curr_info = info[character] -- Split vowels between tokens if not a diphthong. if curr_info.vowel then if prev and (not (curr_info.offglide and prev_info.vowel) -- υυ → υ, υ -- ιυ → ι, υ or prev_info.offglide and curr_info

upsilon) then token_i = token_i + 1 end tokens[token_i] = (tokens[token_i] or "") .. character table.insert(vowel_info,) elseif curr_info.diacritic then tokens[token_i] = (tokens[token_i] or "") .. character if prev_info.vowel or prev_info.diacritic then if character

diaeresis then -- Current token is vowel, vowel, possibly other diacritics, -- and a diaeresis. -- Split the current token into two: -- the first letter, then the second letter plus any diacritics. local previous_vowel, vowel_with_diaeresis = string.match(tokens[token_i], "^(" .. basic_Greek .. ")(" .. basic_Greek .. ".+)") if previous_vowel then tokens[token_i], tokens[token_i + 1] = previous_vowel, vowel_with_diaeresis token_i = token_i + 1 end end elseif prev_info

rho then if curr_info ~= breathing then return string.format("The character %s cannot have the accent %s on it.", prev, "◌" .. character) end else error("The character " .. quote(prev) .. " cannot have a diacritic on it.") end elseif curr_info

rho then if prev and not (prev_info

breathing and info[string.match(tokens[token_i], "^" .. basic_Greek)]

rho) then token_i = token_i + 1 end tokens[token_i] = (tokens[token_i] or "") .. character else if prev then token_i = token_i + 1 end tokens[token_i] = (tokens[token_i] or "") .. character end prev = character prev_info = curr_info end return tokensend

function p.transliterate(text, system) add_index_metamethod(correspondences, system

"ALA-LC" and ALA_LC or Wiktionary_transliteration) if text

'῾' then return 'h' end text = mw.ustring.toNFD(text) --Replace semicolon or Greek question mark with regular question mark, except after an ASCII alphanumeric character (to avoid converting semicolons in HTML entities). -- text = mw.ustring.gsub(text, "([^A-Za-z0-9])[;" .. mw.ustring.char(0x37E) .. "]", "%1?") -- Handle the middle dot. It is equivalent to semicolon or colon, but semicolon is probably more common. text = text:gsub("·", ";") local tokens = tokenize(text)

--now read the tokens local output = for i, token in pairs(tokens) do -- substitute each character in the token for its transliteration local translit = string.gsub(mw.ustring.lower(token), UTF8_char, correspondences) if token

'γ' and is_velar[tokens[i + 1]] then -- γ before a velar should be translit = 'n' elseif token

'ρ' and tokens[i - 1]

'ρ' then -- ρ after ρ should be translit = 'rh' elseif system

"Wiktionary" and mw.ustring.find(token, '^[αΑ].*' .. subscript .. '$') then -- add macron to ᾳ translit = mw.ustring.gsub(translit, '([aA])', '%1' .. macron) end if token:find(rough) then if mw.ustring.find(token, '[Ρρ]') then translit = translit .. 'h' else -- vowel translit = 'h' .. translit end end if system

"ALA-LC" and mw.ustring.find(token, '^[υΥ][^ιΙ]*$') then translit = translit:gsub('u', 'y'):gsub('U', 'Y') end -- Remove macron from a vowel that has a circumflex. if mw.ustring.find(translit, macron_circumflex) then translit = translit:gsub(macron, ) end -- Capitalize first character of transliteration. if token ~= mw.ustring.lower(token) then translit = mw.ustring.gsub(translit, "^.", mw.ustring.upper) end table.insert(output, translit) end return table.concat(output)end

function p.translit(frame) local text = frame.args[1] or frame:getParent.args[1] local system = frame.args.system if system

nil or system

"" then system = "Wiktionary" elseif not (system

"ALA-LC" or system

"Wiktionary") then error('Transliteration system in |system= not recognized; choose between "ALA-LC" and "Wiktionary"') end local transliteration = p.transliterate(text, system) return '

' .. transliteration .. ''end

function p.bare_translit(frame) return p.transliterate(frame.args[1] or frame:getParent.args[1])end

return p