Modal haplotype explained

A modal haplotype is an ancestral haplotype derived from the DNA test results of a specific group of people, using genetic genealogy.

The two most commonly discussed modal haplotypes are the Atlantic Modal Haplotype (the most common haplotype in parts of Europe,^[1] associated with Haplogroup R1b) and the Cohen Modal Haplotype (the haplotype associated with the Jewish Cohanim tradition). However, a specific modal haplotype may be determined for any genealogical DNA test-based surname project or other test group.

List of modal haplotypes

• 6-marker Atlantic Modal Haplotype (AMH) with the markers DYS388*12, DYS390*24, DYS391*11, DYS392*13, DYS393*13, and DYS394*14
• 12-marker Western Atlantic Modal Haplotypes (WAMH) within haplogroup R1b1a2^[2]
• 12-marker Northwest Irish Modal Haplotype (NWIMH) R-M222 (R1b1a2a1a2c1a1a1a1) with the markers YS390*25, DYS385b*13, DYS392*14, DYS448*18, DYS449*30, DYS464*15,16,16,17, DSY456*17, DYS607*16, DYS413*21,23, DYS534*16, DYS481*25, and DYS714*24^{[3] [4]}
• 9-marker Western Norway Modal Haplotype within haplogroup I1a with the motif 14-12-28-23-10-11-13-14-14
• 6-marker Frisian Modal Haplotype (FMH) within haplogroup R1b in cluster R-U106 (R1b1b2a1a)^[5]
• 6-marker Cohen Modal Haplotype (CMH) within haplogroup J1-M267 in cluster J-P58 with the motif 14-16-23-10-11-12 - replaced by Extended Cohen Modal Haplotype
• 12-marker Extended Cohen Modal Haplotype (eCMH) J1-Z18271 with the markers DYS393*12, DYS390*23, DYS19*14, DYS391*10, DYS385a*13, DYS385b*15, DYS426*11, DYS388*16, DYS439*12, DYS389-1*13, DYS392*11, and DYS389-2*17^[6]
• 10-marker Romani/Gypsy Modal Haplotype within haplogroup H1a-M82 with the markers DYS19*15, DYS389I*14, DYS389II*30, DYS390*22, DYS391*10, DYS392*11, DYS393*12, DYS437*14, DYS438*9, DYS439*11^[7]
• 17-marker Buryat-Mongolian Modal Haplotype within haplogroup N1c1 with the motif 14-11-13-12-11-16-23-10-14-14-11-8-11-12-8-10-10^[8]
• 23-marker Yakut Modal Haplotype within haplogroup N1c with the markers DYS19*14, DYS389-I*14, DYS389-II*32, DYS390*23, DYS391*11, DYS392*16, DYS393*14, DYS385a*11, DYS385b*13, DYS438*11, DYS439*10, DYS437*14, DYS448*19, DYS456*14, DYS635*22, GATA H4*12 (or H4*11), DYS576*16, DYS481*20, DYS549*12, DYS533*11, DYS570*19, and DYS643*12^[9]
• 7-marker Pathan Modal Haplotype within haplogroup R1a1a-M198

References

1. Web site: Glossary of Genetics Terms . 2007-11-13 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071008204713/http://www.clanlindsay.com/genetic_dna_glossary.htm . 2007-10-08 . dead .
2. Web site: Western Atlantic Modal Haplotype - ISOGG Wiki . 2024-04-09 . isogg.org.
3. Web site: NW Irish - ISOGG Wiki . 2024-04-09 . isogg.org.
4. Moore . Laoise T. . McEvoy . Brian . etal . A Y-Chromosome Signature of Hegemony in Gaelic Ireland . The American Journal of Human Genetics . February 2006 . 78 . 2 . 334–338 . 16358217 . 1380239 . 10.1086/500055.
5. Book: Oppenheimer, Stephen . Stephen Oppenheimer . The Origins of the British – A Genetic Detective Story . Constable and Robinson . 2006 . 1-84529-158-1 . 151, 198.
6. Hammer . Michael F. . Behar . Doron M. . etal . Extended Y chromosome haplotypes resolve multiple and unique lineages of the Jewish priesthood . Human Genetics . 126 . 5 . 707–717 . November 2009 . 19669163 . 2771134 . 10.1007/s00439-009-0727-5 .
7. Gusmão . Alfredo . Gusmão . Leonor . etal . Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes in a Gypsy population from Portugal . Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series . August 2008 . 1 . 1 . 212–213 . 10.1016/j.fsigss.2007.10.180 .
8. Kharkov . V. N. . Khamina . K. V. . etal . Gene pool of Buryats: Clinal variability and territorial subdivision based on data of Y-chromosome markers . Russian Journal of Genetics . 4 March 2014 . 50 . 2 . 185 . 10.1134/S1022795413110082 .
9. Book: Adamov, Dmitry . 2016 . Works of the Eurasian Society for Genetic Genealogy: Genetic History of Eurasian Populations . The European Relatives of the Yakuts . Izdatel'skie Resheniya . 38 . 978-5-4474-8041-7 .

See also

• Genealogical DNA test
• Genetic genealogy