Utian languages explained

Utian languages should not be confused with Ute language.

Utian
Also Known As:	Miwok–Costanoan
Region:	California
Familycolor:	American
Fam1:	Yok-Utian ?
Child1:	Miwok
Glotto:	miwo1274
Glottorefname:	Miwok–Costanoan
Map:	Utian map.svg
Mapcaption:	Pre-contact distribution of Utian languages
Mapalt:	Pre-contact distribution of Utian languages

Utian (also Miwok–Costanoan, previously Mutsun) is a family of Indigenous languages spoken in Northern California, United States. The Miwok and Ohlone peoples both spoke languages of the Utian language family. It has recently been argued that the Utian languages and Yokuts languages are sub-families of the Yok-Utian language family. Utian and Yokutsan have traditionally been considered part of the Penutian language phylum.

All Utian languages are severely endangered, extinct or revitalizing.

See also

• Penutian languages
• Miwok languages
• Ohlone languages

References

• Catherine . Callaghan . Catherine Callaghan . 1997 . Evidence for Yok-Utian . International Journal of American Linguistics . 63 . 1 . 18-64 . 1265864.
• Catherine . Callaghan . Catherine Callaghan . 2001 . More Evidence for Yok-Utian: A Reanalysis of the Dixon and Kroeber Sets . International Journal of American Linguistics . 67 . 3 . 313-345 . 1265989.
• Book: Callaghan, Catherine . Catherine Callaghan . 2014 . Proto-Utian Grammar and Dictionary: with notes on Yokuts . Trends in Linguistics Documentation . 31 . Berlin, Boston . De Gruyter Mouton . 10.1515/9783110276770.
• Ives . Goddard . 1996 . The Classification of the Native Languages of North America . 290–324 . Languages . Ives . Goddard . . 17 . Washington, DC . Smithsonian Institution . 0-16-048774-9.
• Victor . Golla . Victor Golla . 2007 . Linguistic Prehistory . 71–82 . California Prehistory: Colonization, Culture, and Complexity . Terry L. . Jones . Kathryn A. . Klar . Altamira Press . New York . 978-0-7591-0872-1.
• Book: Mithun, Marianne . Marianne Mithun . 1999 . The Languages of Native North America . Cambridge University Press . Cambridge . 0-521-23228-7.
• William F. . Shipley . William F. Shipley . 1978 . Native Languages of California . Handbook of North American Indians . 8.

(California). William C. Sturtevant, and Robert F. Heizer, eds. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. / 0160045754, pages 80–90.

External links

• Native Tribes, Groups, Language Families and Dialects of California in 1770 (map after Kroeber)
• Online books about the Southern Sierra Miwok
• Central Sierra Miwok Dictionary
• Central Sierra Language Preservation Program, Tuolumne Band of Me-Wuk Indians
• Southern Sierra Miwok Dictionary
• Book: Kroeber, A.L. . Alfred Kroeber. 1911. Miwok, Central Sierra Dialect, Southern Sierra Dialect, Southern Coast Dialect. https://archive.org/stream/languagesofcoast00kroerich#page/n5/mode/2up/search/miwok. 278–319. The languages of the coast of California north of San Francisco. The University Press. Berkeley.