Mitochondrial translational release factor 1 explained

Mitochondrial translational release factor 1, also known as MTRF1 is a human gene.^{[1] [2]}

The protein encoded by this gene directs the termination of translation in response to the peptide chain termination codons. Initially thought to have a role in the termination of mitochondria protein synthesis. mtRF1 has been hypothesized to recognize non-standard stop codons AGA and AGG in vertebrates. Alternatively, based on detailed 3D modelling, it has been proposed to recognize stalled ribosomes in which a tRNA is still bound to the peptide chain, but in which the A-site of the ribosome is empty.

Further reading

• Nozaki Y, Matsunaga N, Ishizawa T, etal . HMRF1L is a human mitochondrial translation release factor involved in the decoding of the termination codons UAA and UAG. . Genes Cells . 13 . 5 . 429–38 . 2008 . 18429816 . 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2008.01181.x . 21204094 . free .
• Dunham A, Matthews LH, Burton J, etal . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13. . Nature . 428 . 6982 . 522–8 . 2004 . 15057823 . 10.1038/nature02379 . 2665288 . 2004Natur.428..522D .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Research . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nature Genetics . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2002 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Soleimanpour-Lichaei HR, Kühl I, Gaisne M, etal . mtRF1a is a human mitochondrial translation release factor decoding the major termination codons UAA and UAG. . Molecular Cell . 27 . 5 . 745–57 . 2007 . 17803939 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2007.06.031 . 1976341 .
• Young DJ, Edgar CD, Murphy J, etal . Bioinformatic, structural, and functional analyses support release factor-like MTRF1 as a protein able to decode nonstandard stop codons beginning with adenine in vertebrate mitochondria. . RNA . 16 . 1146–55 . 2010 . 20421313 . 10.1261/rna.1970310 . 6 . 2874167.
• Huynen, MA. Martijn. Duarte I . Chrzanowska-Lightowlers ZM . Nabuurs SB. . Structure based hypothesis of a mitochondrial ribosome rescue mechanism.. Biology Direct. 8 May 2012. 7. 1. 14. 10.1186/1745-6150-7-14. 22569235. 3418547 . free .
• Lind . C . Sund J. Åqvist J. Codon-reading specificities of mitochondrial release factors and translation termination at non-standard stop codons.. Nature Communications . 2013. 10.1038/ncomms3940. 4. 2940 . 24352605 . 2013NatCo...4.2940L . free.

Notes and References

1. Zhang Y, Spremulli LL . Identification and cloning of human mitochondrial translational release factor 1 and the ribosome recycling factor . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression . 1443 . 1–2 . 245–50 . November 1998 . 9838146 . 10.1016/S0167-4781(98)00223-1 .
2. Hansen LL, Jørgensen R, Justesen J . Assignment of the human mitochondrial translational release factor 1 (MTRF1) to chromosome 13q14.1→q14.3 and of the human mitochondrial ribosome recycling factor (MRRF) to chromosome 9q32→q34.1 with radiation hybrid mapping . Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics . 88 . 1–2 . 91–2 . 2000 . 10773675 . 10.1159/000015494 . 1354562 .