Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12 explained

39S ribosomal protein L12, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPL12 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein which forms homodimers. In prokaryotic ribosomes, two L7/L12 dimers and one L10 protein form the L8 protein complex.^[4]

Further reading

• Graack HR, Bryant ML, O'Brien TW . Identification of mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (MRPs) by N-terminal sequencing of purified bovine MRPs and comparison to data bank sequences: the large subribosomal particle. . Biochemistry . 38 . 50 . 16569–77 . 2000 . 10600119 . 10.1021/bi991543s .
• Kenmochi N, Suzuki T, Uechi T, etal . The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders. . Genomics . 77 . 1–2 . 65–70 . 2001 . 11543634 . 10.1006/geno.2001.6622 .
• Koc EC, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, etal . The large subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Analysis of the complement of ribosomal proteins present. . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 47 . 43958–69 . 2001 . 11551941 . 10.1074/jbc.M106510200 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Zhang Z, Gerstein M . Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome. . Genomics . 81 . 5 . 468–80 . 2003 . 12706105 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Andersen JS, Lam YW, Leung AK, etal . Nucleolar proteome dynamics. . Nature . 433 . 7021 . 77–83 . 2005 . 15635413 . 10.1038/nature03207 . 2005Natur.433...77A . 4344740 .
• Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, etal . A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome. . Cell . 122 . 6 . 957–68 . 2005 . 16169070 . 10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029 . free . 11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0 . free .
• Wang Z, Cotney J, Shadel GS . Human mitochondrial ribosomal protein MRPL12 interacts directly with mitochondrial RNA polymerase to modulate mitochondrial gene expression. . J. Biol. Chem. . 282 . 17 . 12610–8 . 2007 . 17337445 . 10.1074/jbc.M700461200 . 2606046 . free .

Notes and References

1. Marty L, Fort P . A delayed-early response nuclear gene encoding MRPL12, the mitochondrial homologue to the bacterial translational regulator L7/L12 protein . J Biol Chem . 271 . 19 . 11468–76 . Jun 1996 . 8626705 . 10.1074/jbc.271.19.11468 . free .
2. Marty L, Taviaux S, Fort P . Expression and human chromosomal localization to 17q25 of the growth-regulated gene encoding the mitochondrial ribosomal protein MRPL12 . Genomics . 41 . 3 . 453–7 . Jul 1997 . 9169145 . 10.1006/geno.1997.4691 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: MRPL12 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12.
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: MRPL12 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12.