| Miriam Phoebe de Vos | |
| Birth Place: | Zastron, South Africa |
| Death Date: | 2005 |
| Death Place: | Stellenbosch, South Africa |
| Workplaces: | University of Cape Town Stellenbosch University |
| Alma Mater: | Stellenbosch University |
| Thesis Title: | A cytological study on South African genera of the Aizoaceae and the Proteacea |
| Thesis Url: | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50777 |
| Thesis Year: | 1940 |
| Doctoral Advisors: | )--> |
| Known For: | Romulea |
| Spouses: | )--> |
| Partners: | )--> |
Miriam Phoebe de Vos (26 November 1912 Zastron – 2005 Stellenbosch) was a leading South African botanist and academic. She was an expert on bulbous plants, especially Romulea. She also had a special interest in Moraea and Clivia.
She studied at the University of Stellenbosch and obtained her BSc (cum laude) and MSc (cum laude). She held a junior lecture position from 1939 at the University of Cape Town.She obtained a DSc in Botany in 1940 from Stellenbosch University with the thesis "A cytological study on South African genera of the Aizoaceae and the Proteacea". In 1941 she joined the Botany Department of the University of Stellenbosch. Cytology, embryology, anatomy and biosystematics were the subjects she lectured in. Her main areas of interest included cytotaxonomy and embryology, especially of Iridaceae.The cytology of the Proteaceae and the Aizoaceae as well as the embryology of several genera were her first research contributions, followed by the taxonomy of Iridaceae. In 1972 the Journal of South African Botany published her morphology and taxonomy of the genus Romulea. Romulea elliptica M.P.de Vos was identified in 1972 and by 1980 had become a vulnerable species. In 2012 it was declared endangered.
She retired in 1977 and thereafter published nine more scientific papers (bringing the total to 37). These included revisions of Tritonia, Crocosmia, Chasmantha and Ixia. She also assisted with the compilation of Flora of Namaqualand.