Mir-675 microRNA precursor family explained
| mir-675 |
| Symbol: | mir-675 |
| Rfam: | RF00897 |
| Mirbase Family: | MIPF0000365 |
| Rna Type: | microRNA |
| Tax Domain: | Eukaryota
|
In molecular biology mir-675 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.
Inhibition of cell proliferation
miR-675 overexpression brings about reduced proliferation in a range of embryonic and extraembryonic stem cell lines. It has been found to be embedded in the first exon of the large intergenic non-coding RNA H19, which is responsible for limiting placental growth prior to birth. There is upregulation of the targets of miR-675 in placentas lacking H19; these include the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R). Thus placentas lacking miR-675 continue to grow. It is possible that controlled miR-675 release from H19 may enable a rapid inhibition of cell proliferation in response to cellular stress or oncogenic signals.[1]
COL2A1 upregulation in Osteoarthritis
miR-675 has been found to be upregulated in osteoarthritic cartilage, alongside H19.[2] Indeed, there is co-regulation of these two RNAs. The COL2A1 gene associated with osteoarthritis through altered expression levels compared with in normal tissue is upregulated by miR-675 overexpression. It has been proposed that miR-675 may modulate collagen type II levels via an unknown target molecule, and there is potential for a diagnostic metabolic balance indicator in osteoarthritis through this microRNA.
See also
Further reading
- Xiao W, Bao ZX, Zhang CY, Zhang XY, Shi LJ, Zhou ZT, Jiang WW . Upregulation of miR-31* is negatively associated with recurrent/newly formed oral leukoplakia . PLOS ONE . 7 . 6 . e38648 . 2012 . 22719913 . 3377716 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0038648 . 2012PLoSO...738648X . Lo . Kwok-Wai . free .
- Lu TX, Sherrill JD, Wen T, Plassard AJ, Besse JA, Abonia JP, Franciosi JP, Putnam PE, Eby M, Martin LJ, Aronow BJ, Rothenberg ME . MicroRNA signature in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis, reversibility with glucocorticoids, and assessment as disease biomarkers . The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology . 129 . 4 . 1064–75.e9 . April 2012 . 22391115 . 3466056 . 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060 .
- Martinez-Sanchez A, Dudek KA, Murphy CL . Regulation of human chondrocyte function through direct inhibition of cartilage master regulator SOX9 by microRNA-145 (miRNA-145) . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 287 . 2 . 916–24 . January 2012 . 22102413 . 3256897 . 10.1074/jbc.M111.302430 . free .
- Schmitz KJ, Helwig J, Bertram S, Sheu SY, Suttorp AC, Seggewiss J, Willscher E, Walz MK, Worm K, Schmid KW . Differential expression of microRNA-675, microRNA-139-3p and microRNA-335 in benign and malignant adrenocortical tumours . Journal of Clinical Pathology . 64 . 6 . 529–35 . June 2011 . 21471143 . 3099361 . 10.1136/jcp.2010.085621 .
- Dudek KA, Lafont JE, Martinez-Sanchez A, Murphy CL . Type II collagen expression is regulated by tissue-specific miR-675 in human articular chondrocytes . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 285 . 32 . 24381–7 . August 2010 . 20529846 . 2915673 . 10.1074/jbc.M110.111328 . free .
- Tsang WP, Ng EK, Ng SS, Jin H, Yu J, Sung JJ, Kwok TT . Oncofetal H19-derived miR-675 regulates tumor suppressor RB in human colorectal cancer . Carcinogenesis . 31 . 3 . 350–8 . March 2010 . 19926638 . 10.1093/carcin/bgp181 . free .
- Smits G, Mungall AJ, Griffiths-Jones S, Smith P, Beury D, Matthews L, Rogers J, Pask AJ, Shaw G, VandeBerg JL, McCarrey JR, Renfree MB, Reik W, Dunham I . Conservation of the H19 noncoding RNA and H19-IGF2 imprinting mechanism in therians . Nature Genetics . 40 . 8 . 971–6 . August 2008 . 18587395 . 10.1038/ng.168 . 5204748 .
Notes and References
- Keniry A, Oxley D, Monnier P, Kyba M, Dandolo L, Smits G, Reik W . The H19 lincRNA is a developmental reservoir of miR-675 that suppresses growth and Igf1r . Nature Cell Biology . 14 . 7 . 659–65 . June 2012 . 22684254 . 3389517 . 10.1038/ncb2521 .
- Steck E, Boeuf S, Gabler J, Werth N, Schnatzer P, Diederichs S, Richter W . Regulation of H19 and its encoded microRNA-675 in osteoarthritis and under anabolic and catabolic in vitro conditions . Journal of Molecular Medicine . 90 . 10 . 1185–95 . October 2012 . 22527881 . 10.1007/s00109-012-0895-y . 14203960 .
