Ministry of Labour (Spain) explained

Agency Name:Ministry of Labour and Social Economy
Nativename A:Spanish; Castilian: Ministerio de Trabajo y Economía Social
Picture Width:250px
Picture Caption:Main door of the Ministry in the Nuevos Ministerios complex
Formed:
(as Ministry of Labour)
January 13, 2020 (as Ministry of Labour and Social Economy)
Jurisdiction:Spanish government
Headquarters:Nuevos Ministerios, Agustín de Bethencourt Street 4, (Madrid)
Region Code:ES
Employees:38,559 (2019)[1] [2]
Budget: 29.5 billion, 2023[3]
Minister1 Name:Yolanda Díaz
Minister1 Pfo:Minister
Agency Type:Ministry
Website:www.mites.gob.es

The Ministry of Labour and Social Economy (MITES) is the department of the Government of Spain responsible for planning and carrying out the government policy on labour relations and social economy.[4]

The MITES is headed by the Minister of Labour, a Cabinet member who is appointed by the Monarch at request of the Prime Minister. The Labour Minister is assisted by five high-ranking officials, the Secretary of State for Migration, the Secretary of State for Social Security, the Secretary of State for Employment, the Secretary General for Immigration and Emigration and the Under Secretary of Labour. The current minister is Yolanda Díaz.

History

The idea of creating a Ministry of Labour was manifested by the King Alfonso XIII in the opening of the Cortes of 1914 but the World War I delayed that purpose.[5] The Ministry of Labour was finally created in the government of Eduardo Dato on May 8, 1920.[6] It had previously existed Institute of Social Reforms (1903, heir of the Social Reform Commission, 1883) and the National Institute of Foresight (1908), which were integrated into the new Department. It also obtained the powers of the newly disappeared Ministry of Supply (1918–1920).It was also included in the structure of the ministry the Bureau of Labour of the Directorate General of Trade, Industry and Labour, the Emigration Council and the Board of Engineers and Pensioners Abroad.[7] The functions of the Labour Inspectorate (1906) were also given to the new ministry.

In the Second Republic, the Minister Francisco Largo Caballero was issued the Decree about Workers Associations, through which these entities passed to the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Labour from the Governation Ministry.[8]

In Francoist Spain the suppression of freedom of association, demonstration and strike as well as collective bargaining, the Ministry, without prejudice to the work of the Vertical Union, expanded its capacity for action, establishing up to the detail of working conditions.

After the Spanish transition to democracy, Social Security competences passed in 1977 to the newly created Ministry of Health, although Labour Ministry recovered them in 1981. In 1978 the National Employment Institute was created. Later, the creation in 1988 of the Ministry of Social Affairs meant the loss of social policies. Nevertheless, both Departments merged in 1996, after the electoral victory of the Popular Party, assigning itself for the first time the organisms Institute of the Woman and Institute of the Youth.

In 2004, with José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero as President of the Government, the Ministry of Labour assumes the immigration powers that until now resided in the Ministry of the Interior. In terms of social policies, in 2008 they were distributed between the Ministry of Education and the newly created Ministry of Equality (Now ministry of Health and Ministry of Equality have been merged).

In the X Legislature, from December 22, 2011, the Ministry is renamed Employment and Social Security, while retaining the same competencies. In the middle of the 12th Cortes Generales, the biggest opposition party, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, presented and won a vote of no confidence against the second government of Mariano Rajoy. After this event, Sánchez appointed Magdalena Valerio as the new Labour Minister, and he renamed the Department as Ministry of Labour, Migrations and Social Security.

In 2020, the new Cabinet of Sánchez integrated a new political party, Unidas Podemos, and the Prime Minister appointed Yolanda Díaz as new minister of Labour and Social Economy. The Department lost its responsibilities over social security and migration to the newly created Department of Social Security, which meant a reduction of its budget from €52 billion in 2019 to €25 billion in 2020, as well as losing control of more than 150 billion euros of the social security budget.

Structure

This ministry is structured in the following higher bodies:[9]

Ministry agencies

List of ministers of labour

Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1923)

BeginningEndNameParty
8 May 192013 March 1921Carlos Cañal y Migolla (6)
13 March 192114 August 1921Eduardo Sanz y Escartín (6)
14 August 19218 March 1922Leopoldo Matos y Massieu (6)
8 March 19227 December 1922Abilio Calderón Rojo (12)
7 December 19223 September 1923Joaquín Chapaprieta Torregrosa (12)
3 September 192315 September 1923Luis Armiñán Pérez (12)

Dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera (1923–1931)

BeginningEndNameParty
17 September 192321 December 1923Alejandro García Martín (12)
21 December 19237 February 1924Juan Flórez Posada (12)
7 February 19243 November 1928Eduardo Aunós Pérez (12)
3 November 192830 January 1930Eduardo Aunós Pérez (4)
30 January 193018 February 1931Pedro Sangro y Ros de Olano (4)
18 February 193114 April 1931Gabriel Maura y Gamazo (4)

Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939)

BeginningEndNameParty
14 April 193112 September 1933Francisco Largo Caballero (1)PSOE
12 September 19338 October 1933Ricardo Samper Ibáñez (1)PRR
8 October 193316 December 1933Carles Pi i Sunyer (1)ERC
16 December 193328 April 1934José Estadella Arnó (1)PRR
28 April 19344 October 1934José Estadella Arnó (2)PRR
4 October 19343 April 1935José Oriol Anguera de Sojo (2)CEDA
3 April 19356 May 1935Eloy Vaquero Cantillo (2)PRR
6 May 193525 September 1935Federico Salmón (2)CEDA
25 September 193514 December 1935Federico Salmón (3)CEDA
14 December 193530 December 1935Alfredo Martínez García (3)PLD
30 December 193519 February 1936Manuel Becerra Fernández (3)PC
19 February 193613 May 1936Enrique Ramos Ramos (2)IR
13 May 193619 July 1936Joan Lluhí Vallescá (2)ERC
19 July 193619 July 1936Bernardo Giner de los Ríos (2)Republican Union
19 July 19364 September 1936Joan Lluhí Vallescá (2)ERC
4 September 19364 November 1936José Tomás Piera (2)ERC
4 November 193617 May 1937Anastasio de Gracia (4)PSOE
17 May 19371 April 1939Jaume Aiguader (5)ERC

Dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1936–1975)

BeginningEndNameParty
3 October 193630 January 1938Alejandro Gallo Artacho (6)
30 January 19389 August 1939Pedro González-Bueno y Bocos (13)
9 August 193920 May 1941Joaquín Benjumea Burín (7)
20 May 194125 February 1957José Antonio Girón de Velasco (6)
25 February 195710 July 1962Fermín Sanz-Orrio y Sanz (6)
10 July 196229 October 1969Jesús Romeo Gorría (6)
29 October 196911 March 1975 Licinio de la Fuente (6)
11 March 197512 December 1975Fernando Suárez González (6)

Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014)

BeginningEndNameParty
12 December 19755 July 1976José Solís Ruiz (6)
5 July 19764 July 1977Álvaro Rengifo Calderón (6)
4 July 197728 February 1978Manuel Jiménez de Parga Cabrera (6)UCD
28 February 19783 May 1980Rafael Calvo Ortega (6)UCD
3 May 19809 September 1980Salvador Sánchez Terán Hernández (6)UCD
9 September 198026 February 1981Félix Manuel Pérez Miyares (6)UCD
26 February 19812 December 1981Jesús Sancho Rof (8)UCD
2 December 19812 December 1982Santiago Rodríguez Miranda (9)UCD
3 December 198225 July 1986Joaquín Almunia Amann (9)PSOE
26 July 19862 May 1990Manuel Chaves González (9)PSOE
2 May 199012 July 1993Luis Martínez Noval (9)PSOE
13 July 19935 May 1996José Antonio Griñán Martínez (9)PSOE
6 May 199620 January 1999Javier Arenas Bocanegra (10)PP
20 January 199921 February 2000Manuel Pimentel Siles (10)PP
21 February 200010 July 2002Juan Carlos Aparicio Pérez (10)PP
10 July 200217 April 2004Eduardo Zaplana (10)PP
18 April 200412 April 2008Jesús Caldera Sánchez-Capitán (10)PSOE
12 April 200820 October 2010Celestino Corbacho (11)PSOE
20 October 201022 December 2011Valeriano Gómez (11)PSOE

Reign of Felipe VI (2014–present)

BeginningEndNameParty
22 December 20117 June 2018Fátima Báñez (9)PP
7 June 201813 January 2020Magdalena Valerio (14)PSOE
13 January 2020IncumbentYolanda Díaz (15)PCE
(1) Ministry of Labour and Social Protection
(2) Ministry of Labour, Heath and Social Protection
(3) Ministry of Labour, Health and Justice
(4) Ministry of Labour and Protection
(5) Ministry of Labour and Social Attendance
(6) Ministry of Labour
(7) Ministry of Agriculture and Labour
(8) Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Security
(9) Ministry of Employment and Social Security
(10) Ministry of Labour Social Affairs
(11) Ministry of Labour and Immigration
(12) Ministry of Labour, Commerce and Industry
(13) Ministry of Trade Union Action and Organization
(14) Ministry of Labour, Migrations and Social Security
(15) Ministry of Labour and Social Economy

Notes and references

  1. 16,257 are ministerial employees and the other 22,302 are Social Security Administration employees.
  2. Book: Statistical Bulletin of the personnel at the service of the Public Administrations. Ministry of Territorial Policy and Civil Service. Ministry for Territorial Administrations. 2018. 32 and 48.
  3. Web site: 1 January 2023. 2023 State Budget. 8 January 2023. www.boe.es.
  4. Web site: Royal Decree 903/2018, of July 20, by which the basic organic structure of the Ministry of Labour, Migrations and Social Security is developed.. www.boe.es. 2019-04-19.
  5. Web site: Royal Decree creating the Ministry of Labour..
  6. Book: Gallego. José Andrés. Revolución y restauración, 1868-1931. 1982. RIALP. 9788432121135.
  7. Book: Tuñón de Lara. Manuel. Elorza. Antonio. La crisis de la restauración. 1986. SIGLO XXI. Spain. 9788432305641.
  8. Book: Several Authors. Authors. La Segunda República y la Guerra. 1986. RIALP. 9788432121159. 3.
  9. Web site: Royal Decree 502/2024, of May 21, by which the basic organic structure of the Ministry of Labor and Social Economy is developed. . 2024-05-23 . www.boe.es . es.

External links