| Seal: | Emblem of India.svg |
| Formed: | 27 May 2004 |
| Dissolved: | 6 July 2017 |
| Jurisdiction: | Government of India |
| Headquarters: | New Delhi |
The Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation was a ministry of the Government of India responsible for urban poverty, housing, and employment programs. It involved in national policy decisions and coordinates with Indian central ministries, state governments, and central sponsor programs.
On 6 July 2017, the ministry was re-united with the Ministry of Urban Development to form the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs.[1]
The ministry was first created in 1999 as the "Ministry of Urban Affairs and Poverty Alleviation" and existed alongside the Ministry of Urban Development. On 22 November 1999, the ministry was renamed as the "Ministry of Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation" and was concerned for generating employment in urban areas. On 27 May 2000, the ministry was merged along with the Ministry of Urban Development and renamed as the "Ministry of Urban Development and Poverty Alleviation".
Following the formation of the First Manmohan Singh ministry on 22 May 2004, the Ministry of Urban Development and Poverty Alleviation was re-bifurcated into the "Ministry of Urban Development" and the "Ministry of Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation". The Ministry of Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation was renamed as the "Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation" on 1 June 2006. The ministry was re-merged with the Ministry of Urban Development on 6 July 2017 to form the "Ministry of Urban Affairs.
The Indian Constitution has allocated responsibility for housing and urban development to the state; and the 74th amendment to the Constitution delegates some responsibility to the local governments. The ministry was responsible for the national capital territory of Delhi and union territories. It also provided finances through federal institutions and allocates resources to the state governments. The ministry supported the country's external housing and urban development assistance programs.[2]
The ministry had administrative control over the National Buildings Organisation (NBO) attached office and the Hindustan Prefab Limited (HPL) and Housing and Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO) public sector undertakings. It was also responsible for the following statutory and autonomous bodies:
For poverty alleviation programs to be successful, the following sectors should realise improvements: Income generation, health, shelter, education, environment and infrastructure. Environmental Improvement for Urban Slum, Urban Basic Service programs, Nehru Rozgar Yojana, Shelter and Infrastructural facilities, and Low Cost Sanitation Night Shelter are examples of schemes to meet these objectives.[3]
The Ministry had constituted a Committee on Streamlining Approval Procedures for Real Estate Projects (SAPREP)[4] under the Chairmanship of Dhanendra Kumar, former Chairman of Competition Commission of India. Amongst other things, the concept of single window clearance as advocated by this committee report draw parallels with government's effort towards improving ease of doing business in the country.[5]
The Government of India has launched various programs since its independence, such as some of the five-year plans, to alleviate poverty and address the widening income gap, both, amongst the upper and lower classes of society, and amongst the rural and urban parts of the country.[6] For instance, the "Eighth Plan policy guidelines envisages integrated approach to alleviation of urban poverty and servicing the urban poor with basic facilities so that their quality of life improves."[7]
As trends in the Gini coefficient reflect, the income gaps were not as pronounced until the early 1980s, but the situation has been continually getting worse since. Misplaced priorities of the Indian Government and bad planning of subsidy programs is largely responsible for this. Hosting the Commonwealth Games in New Delhi in 2010 that cost the exchequer an approximate, excluding the price of non-sports related infrastructure, is a case in point.[8]
While newly launched programs like Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA), National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), Food Security Act, Mid-day Meals and Bharat Nirman Yojana have demonstrated success in the initial stages, their performance over the long-run still remains to be seen. The shortsightedness of the Indian government often leads it to launch populist programs that may not necessarily work well. Low-hanging fruit like increasing worker's minimum wage can go a long way in achieving the goal of poverty alleviation, but are yet to be taken up in spite of reminders from leading economists.[9]
On 6 September 2012 by the Union Minister, Kumari Selja, introduced to the Street Vendors Act, 2014 in the Lok Sabha.[10] [11]
| No. | Portrait | Minister | Term of office | Political party | Ministry | Prime Minister | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| From | To | Period | |||||||
| Minister of Urban Affairs and Poverty Alleviation | |||||||||
| 1 | Satyanarayan Jatiya | 1999 | 1999 | Bharatiya Janata Party | Vajpayee III | Atal Bihari Vajpayee | |||
| Minister of Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation | |||||||||
| 2 | Jagmohan | 1999 | 1999 | Bharatiya Janata Party | Vajpayee III | Atal Bihari Vajpayee | |||
| 3 | Sukhdev Singh Dhindsa | 1999 | 2000 | Shiromani Akali Dal | |||||
| Minister of Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation | |||||||||
| 4 | Selja Kumari (MoS, I/C) | 2004 | 2006 | Indian National Congress | Manmohan I | Manmohan Singh | |||
| Minister of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation | |||||||||
| 5 | Selja Kumari (MoS, I/C until 22 May 2009) | 2006 | 2009 | Indian National Congress | Manmohan I | Manmohan Singh | |||
2009 | 2012 | Manmohan II | |||||||
| 6 | Ajay Maken | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||
| 7 | Girija Vyas | 2013 | 2014 | ||||||
| 8 | M. Venkaiah Naidu | 2014 | 2017 | Bharatiya Janata Party | Modi I | Narendra Modi | |||
| No. | Portrait | Minister | Term of office | Political party | Ministry | Prime Minister | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| From | To | Period | |||||||
| 1 | Babul Supriyo | 2014 | 2016 | Bharatiya Janata Party | Modi I | Narendra Modi | |||
| 2 | Rao Inderjit Singh | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||