Minister of Police (France) explained

Post:Minister
Body:Police
Department:Ministry of Police
Status:Abolished
Member Of:Government
  • Council of Ministers
Termlength:No fixed term
Formation:2 January 1796
First:Philippe Antoine Merlin de Douai
Last:Charlemagne de Maupas
Abolished:21 June 1853
Succession:Minister of Interior

The Minister of Police (French: Ministre de la Police) was the leader and most senior official of the French Ministry of Police. It was a position in the Government of France from 1796 to 1818 and briefly from 1852 to 1853.

History

The office was created on 2 January 1796 by taking police powers away from the Minister of Interior and giving them to the new Minister of Police. The move was motivated by an apparent overload of the Interior department.[1] The first minister, Philippe-Antoine Merlin, was appointed two days later, as Armand-Gaston Camus refused the office. The most famous minister was Joseph Fouché, whose service spanned over a decade.

It was a major French ministerial position under the Directory, Consulate, First Empire, and Restored Bourbon Dynasty. The position was merged into the Ministry of Interior in 1818, although it was briefly restored by Napoleon III in 1852.

Officeholders

First Republic

PortraitNameTermGovernmentHead of StateRef.
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
Armand-Gaston Camus

DirectoryDirectory[2]
1Philippe-Antoine Merlin

[3]
2Charles Cochon de Lapparent

[4]
3

[5]
4

[6]
5Nicolas Dondeau

[7]
6Marie Jean François Philibert Lecarlier

[8]
7

[9]
8

[10]
9Joseph Fouché

[11]
ConsulateNapoléon Bonaparte

First Empire

PortraitNameTermGovernmentEmperorRef.
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
(9)Joseph Fouché
Duc d'Otrante		NapoléonNapoléon I
10Anne Jean Marie René Savary
Duc de Rovigo		[12]

Restoration

PortraitNameTermGovernmentKingRef.
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
11Jules AnglèsProvisional GovernmentLouis XVIII[13]
12Jacques Claude
Comte Beugnot		Restoration[14]

Hundred Days

PortraitNameTermGovernmentEmperorRef.
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
13Joseph Fouché
Duc d'Otrante		Hundred DaysNapoléon I[15]
14Jean Pelet
Comte de la Lozère		[16]

Kingdom of France

PortraitNameTermGovernmentKingRef.
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
15Joseph Fouché
Duc d'Otrante		Talleyrand-PérigordLouis XVIII[17]
16Élie Louis
Duc Decazes		Richelieu

Second Republic

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Decree on the creation of the Ministry of Police. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 2 January 1796. 15 July 2020.
  2. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 2 January 1796. 15 July 2020.
  3. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 4 January 1796. 15 July 2020.
  4. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 3 April 1796. 15 July 2020.
  5. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 16 July 1797. 15 July 2020.
  6. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 26 July 1797. 15 July 2020.
  7. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 13 February 1798. 15 July 2020.
  8. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 16 May 1798. 15 July 2020.
  9. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 29 October 1798. 15 July 2020.
  10. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 23 June 1799. 15 July 2020.
  11. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 20 July 1799. 15 July 2020.
  12. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Empire. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 3 June 1810. 15 July 2020.
  13. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the Kingdom of France. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 3 April 1814. 15 July 2020.
  14. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the Kingdom of France. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 13 May 1814. 15 July 2020.
  15. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Empire. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 20 March 1815. 15 July 2020.
  16. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Empire. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 23 June 1815. 15 July 2020.
  17. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the Kingdom of France. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 9 July 1815. 15 July 2020.
  18. Web site: Decree on the composition of the government. Government of the French Republic. gallica.bnf.fr. French. 22 January 1852. 15 July 2020.

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