| Ja Kanji: | 遊☆戯☆王 |
| Ja Romaji: | Yū Gi Ō |
| Type: | manga |
| Author: | Kazuki Takahashi |
| Publisher: | Shueisha |
| Imprint: | Jump Comics |
| Magazine: | Weekly Shōnen Jump |
| First: | September 17, 1996 |
| Last: | March 8, 2004 |
| Volumes: | 38 |
| Volume List: | List of Yu-Gi-Oh! chapters |
| Type: | novel |
| Author: | Katsuhiko Chiba |
| Illustrator: | Kazuki Takahashi |
| Publisher: | Shueisha |
| Demographic: | Male |
| Imprint: | Jump J-Books |
| Published: | September 3, 1999 |
| Anime television series | |
| Content: | |
| Anime films | |
| Content: | |
| Other series | |
| Content: |
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| Other media | |
| Content: | |
| Portal: | yes |
is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kazuki Takahashi. It was serialized in Shueisha's Weekly Shōnen Jump magazine between September 1996 and March 2004. The manga follows Yugi Mutou, a young boy with an affinity for games, who solves the ancient Millennium Puzzle. Yugi becomes host to a gambling alter-ego or spirit who solves his conflicts with various games. As the manga progresses, the focus largely shifts to the card game Duel Monsters (originally known as Magic & Wizards), where opposing players "duel" one another in mock battles of fantasy monsters.
The manga series has spawned a media franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series; video games; and a real-world card game, the Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game, based on the fictional Duel Monsters game. The manga was adapted into two anime series; the first, simply titled Yu-Gi-Oh! and produced by Toei Animation, aired from April to October 1998, while Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters, produced by NAS and animated by Gallop, aired from April 2000 to September 2004. Yu-Gi-Oh! has since become one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time.
Yu-Gi-Oh! tells the tale of Yugi Mutou, a timid young boy who loves all sorts of games, but is often bullied. One day, he solves an ancient puzzle known as the, causing his body to play host to a mysterious spirit with the personality of a gambler. From that moment onwards, whenever Yugi or one of his friends is threatened by those with darkness in their hearts, this other Yugi shows himself and challenges them to dangerous which reveal the true nature of someone's heart, the losers of these contests often being subjected to a dark punishment called a . Whether it be cards, dice, or role-playing board games, he will take on challenges from anyone, anywhere.
As the series progresses, Yugi and his friends learn that this person inside of his puzzle is actually the spirit of a nameless Pharaoh from Ancient Egyptian times, who had lost his memories. As Yugi and his companions attempt to help the Pharaoh regain his memories, they find themselves going through many trials as they wager their lives facing off against gamers that wield the mysterious and the dark power of the Shadow Games.[1]
In the initial planning stages of the manga, Takahashi had wanted to draw a horror manga.[2] Although the end result was a manga about games, it was clear that some horror elements influenced certain aspects of the story. Takahashi decided to use "battle" as his primary theme. Since there had been so much "fighting" manga, he found it difficult to come up with something original. He decided to create a fighting manga where the main character does not hit anybody, but also struggled with that limitation. When the word "game" came to mind, he found it much easier to work with.[3]
When an interviewer asked Takahashi if he tried to introduce younger readers to real life gaming culture referenced in the series, Takahashi responded by saying that he simply included "stuff he played and enjoyed", and that it may have introduced readers to role-playing games and other games. Takahashi added that he created some of the games seen in the series. The author stressed the importance of "communication between people," often present in tabletop role-playing games and not present in solitary video games. Takahashi added that he feels that quality communication is not possible over the Internet.[4]
Takahashi had always been interested in games, claiming to have been obsessed as a child and remained interested in them as an adult. In a game, he considered the player to become a hero. He decided to base the Yu-Gi-Oh! series around such games and used this idea as the premise; Yugi was a weak childish boy, who became a hero when he played games. With friendship being one of the major themes of Yu-Gi-Oh!, he based the names of the two major characters "Yūgi" and "Jōnouchi" on the Japanese word yūjō, which means "friendship". Henshin, the ability to turn into something or someone else, is something Takahashi believed all children dreamed of. He considered Yugi's "henshin" Dark Yugi, a savvy, invincible games player, to be a big appeal to children.[5]
Takahashi said that the card game held the strongest influence in the manga, because it "happened to evoke the most response" from readers. Prior to that point, Takahashi did not plan for the card game to make more than two appearances.[6]
Takahashi said that the "positive message" for readers of the series is that each person has a "strong hidden part" (like "human potential") within himself or herself, and when one finds hardship, the "hidden part" can emerge if one believes in him/herself and in his/her friends. Takahashi added that this is "a pretty consistent theme."
The editor of the English version, Jason Thompson, said that the licensing of the Yu-Gi-Oh! manga had not been entirely coordinated, so Viz decided to use many of the original character names and to "keep it more or less violent and gory." Thompson said that the manga "was almost unchanged from the Japanese original." Because the core fanbase of the series was, according to Thompson, "8-year-old boys (and a few incredible fangirls)," and because the series had little interest from "hardcore, Japanese-speaking fans, the kind who run scanlation sites and post on messageboards" as the series was perceived to be "too mainstream," the Viz editors allowed Thompson "a surprising amount of leeway with the translation." Thompson said he hoped that he did not "abuse" the leeway he was given.[7] In a 2004 interview, the editors of the United States Shonen Jump mentioned that Americans were surprised when reading the stories in Volumes 1 through 7, as they had not appeared on television as a part of the Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters anime. Takahashi added "The story is quite violent, isn't it? [laughs]"
The English language release by 4Kids has been subject to censorship to make it more appropriate for children, for example mentions of death or violence were replaced by references to "being sent to the Shadow Realm".[8]
The Japanese title,, stylized as, translates into English as "Game King". is also the name of the protagonist, while Yūgiō is also the title the second personality inhabiting his body holds as an invincible game master. Additionally, the character names "Yūgi" and "Jōnouchi" are based on the word .[9] Yūjō is pointed out by Jōnouchi to Yūgi at the end of the first manga chapter, as "something visible yet invisible" (what's visible is the two of them, what's invisible is their friendship), as a way to tell Yūgi that he wants to be his friend. The pun was represented with a Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game card titled .
Written and illustrated by Kazuki Takahashi, Yu-Gi-Oh! was serialized in Shueisha's manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump from September 17, 1996, to March 8, 2004.[10] [11] Shueisha collected its chapters in thirty-eight volumes, released from March 4, 1997,[12] to June 4, 2004.[13] Shueisha republished its chapters in twenty-two volumes from April 18, 2007,[14] to March 18, 2008.[15]
In North America, the manga was licensed by Viz Media. The company started publishing it in its Shonen Jump magazine from November 2002 to November 2007.[16] [17] The company also released the manga in volumes, divided in three series; the first series, Yu-Gi-Oh!, includes the first seven volumes, and were released from May 7, 2003;[18] to December 7, 2004.[19] the second series, Yu-Gi-Oh!: Duelist includes the original volumes 8–31, and Yu-Gi-Oh!: Millennium World, includes the original volumes 32–38. Both series started publication in 2005; The first volume of Duelist was released on February 1,[20] and the first volume of Millennium World on August 2.[21] The 24th and last volume of Duelist was released on December 4, 2007,[22] and the 7th and last volume of Millennium World was released on February 5, 2008.[23] Viz Media republished the series in thirteen three-in-one volume edition from February 3, 2015,[24] to February 6, 2018.[25]
A spin-off manga titled Yu-Gi-Oh! R was illustrated by Akira Ito under Takahashi's supervision. The story is of disputed canonicity and takes place in the original manga's universe, between the Battle City and Millennium World arcs, where Yugi and his friends must stop a man named Yako Tenma who plans to use Anzu Mazaki's body to revive the deceased Pegasus.[26] The spin-off was serialized in V-Jump between April 21, 2004 and December 21, 2007 and was compiled into five tankōbon volumes. Viz Media released the series in North America between 2009 and 2010.[27]
| No. | Title | Episodes | Originally aired / Release date | Director | Studio | Network | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yu-Gi-Oh! | 27 | April 4, 1998 – October 10, 1998 | Hiroyuki Kakudō | Toei Animation | TV Asahi | |
| Film | Yu-Gi-Oh! | March 6, 1999 | Junji Shimizu | ||||
| 2 | Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters | 224 | April 18, 2000 – September 29, 2004 | Kunihisa Sugishima | Gallop | TXN (TV Tokyo) | |
| Film | November 3, 2004 | Hatsuki Tsuji | 4Kids Entertainment Gallop | ||||
| 3 | Yu-Gi-Oh! GX | 180 | October 6, 2004 – March 26, 2008 | Gallop | TXN (TV Tokyo) | ||
| Miniseries | Yu-Gi-Oh! Capsule Monsters | 12 | September 9, 2006 – November 25, 2006 | Eric Stuart | 4Kids Entertainment Gallop | 4Kids TV | |
| 4 | Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's | 154 + 1 | April 2, 2008 – March 30, 2011 | Katsumi Ono | Gallop | TXN (TV Tokyo) | |
| Film | January 23, 2010 | Kenichi Takeshita | |||||
| 5 | Yu-Gi-Oh! Zexal | 73 + 1 | April 11, 2011 – September 24, 2012 | Satoshi Kuwahara | TXN (TV Tokyo) | ||
| 6 | Yu-Gi-Oh! Zexal II | 73 + 1 | October 7, 2012 – March 23, 2014 | TXN (TV Tokyo) | |||
| 7 | Yu-Gi-Oh! Arc-V | 148 | April 6, 2014 – March 26, 2017 | Katsumi Ono | TXN (TV Tokyo) | ||
| Film | April 23, 2016 | Satoshi Kuwabara | |||||
| 8 | Yu-Gi-Oh! VRAINS | 120 | May 10, 2017 – September 25, 2019 | Masahiro Hosoda (#1–13) Katsuya Asano (#14–120) | TXN (TV Tokyo) | ||
| 9 | Yu-Gi-Oh! Sevens | 92 | April 4, 2020 – March 27, 2022 | Nobuhiro Kondo | Bridge | ||
| 10 | Yu-Gi-Oh! Go Rush!! | 124 | April 3, 2022 – present | ||||
| Total | 121227 + 7 | April 4, 1998 – present | colspan="3" | - | |||
The first Yu-Gi-Oh! anime adaptation was produced by Toei Animation and aired on TV Asahi between April 4, 1998 and October 10, 1998,[28] running for 27 episodes and one film released on the 6th March, 1999. This adaptation was never released outside Japan.
This series is heavily abridged from the manga, skipping many chapters, and often changes details of the manga stories it does adapt, featuring several key differences from the manga. It also adds a new regular character to the group, Miho Nosaka, who was originally a one-shot minor character in the manga. Aside from the 1999 film, this adaptation is not related to any later works in the franchise.
Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters, known outside Japan as simply Yu-Gi-Oh!, is the second adaptation of the series. It was produced by Nihon Ad Systems and TV Tokyo, while animation for the show was done by Studio Gallop. Loosely adapting the manga from chapter sixty onwards, the series features several differences from the manga and the Toei-produced series and largely focuses on the game of Duel Monsters, tying in with the real life Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game. The series aired in Japan on TV Tokyo between April 18, 2000 and September 29, 2004, running for 224 episodes. A remastered version of the series, focusing on specific duels, began airing in Japan from February 7, 2015.[29]
In April 2001, 4Kids Entertainment obtained the merchandising and television rights to the series[30] from Nihon Ad Systems, producing an English-language version which aired in North America on Kids' WB! between September 29, 2001 and June 10, 2006, also releasing in various countries outside Japan. The adaptation received many changes from the Japanese version to tailor it for international audiences. These include different names for many characters and monsters, changes to the appearance of the cards to differentiate them from their real-life counterparts and various cuts and edits pertaining to violence, death, and religious references to make the series suitable for children.
An album containing some tracks from the English dub music entitled Yu-Gi-Oh! Music to Duel By was released on October 29, 2002 on DreamWorks Records on Audio CD and Compact Cassette.[31]
An uncut version, featuring an all-new English dub track and the original Japanese audio, began release in October 2004, in association with Funimation Entertainment. Only three volumes, comprising the first nine episodes, were ever released. 4Kids would later release the uncut Japanese episodes on YouTube in March 2009,[32] but were forced to stop due in August of that same year, due to rights issues.[33]
On March 24, 2011, TV Tokyo and Nihon Ad Systems filed a joint lawsuit against 4Kids, accusing them of underpayments concerning the Yu-Gi-Oh! franchises and allegedly conspiring with Funimation, and have allegedly terminated their licensing deal with them.[34] This led to 4Kids filing for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy code.[35] [36] Although 4Kids had managed to settle the case in March 2012,[37] they ended up selling their rights to the franchise, among other assets, to Konami. Konami currently distributes the series and its spin-offs, in addition to producing English dubs through its renamed subsidiary, 4K Media Inc.[38] [39] [40]
A complete DVD boxset, including all English episodes and the film Yu-Gi-Oh! Bonds Beyond Time, was released on July 15, 2014 via Amazon.[41] On July 11, 2015, 4K Media began releasing subtitled episodes to the Crunchyroll streaming site monthly.[42]
Yu-Gi-Oh! Capsule Monsters is a twelve-episode spin-off miniseries commissioned, produced and edited by 4Kids Entertainment, which aired in North America between September 9, 2006[43] and November 25, 2006. It is set before the end of Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters, apparently somewhere between episodes 198 and 199, and involves Yugi and his friends being pulled into a world filled with real Duel Monsters they can summon using capsules. It is similar to the Virtual RPG arc in many respects, but it does not seem to have anything to do with the early Capsule Monster Chess game featured in early volumes of the original manga. It is currently the only animated Yu-Gi-Oh! media not to be released in Japan, though it is referred to as Yu-Gi-Oh! ALEX. A DVD containing a condensed version of the Capsule Monsters episodes was released in May 2006.[44]
A novel adaptation of some of the beginning parts of the manga and the Death-T arc, written by Katsuhiko Chiba (千葉 克彦 Chiba Katsuhiko). It was published in Japan by Shueisha on September 3, 1999 and has four sections.[45] The fourth section is an original story, occurring only in the novel. Two weeks after Yugi's battle with Kaiba in Death-T, Yugi gets a call from Kaiba, who tells him to meet for a game at the top floor of Kaiba Corporation. Yugi accepts, and when the game begins, they use a special variation of Magic & Wizards called the "Bingo Rule," which prevents the used of a specific card in each player's deck. Mokuba stumbles in on them, and tells Yugi that Kaiba has not yet awoken from his catatonic state. It turns out that the Kaiba that Yugi is playing against is a "Cyber Kaiba", controlled by the KaibaCorp computer, using all of Kaiba's memories.
is a guidebook written by Kazuki Takahashi related to characters from the original Yu-Gi-Oh! manga universe. It was published in Japan on November 1, 2002 by Shueisha under their Jump Comics imprint and in France on December 12, 2006 by Kana.[46] [47] The book contains profiles for characters, including information which has never been released elsewhere, including birth dates, height, weight, blood type, favorite and least favorite food. It also contains a plethora of compiled information from the story, including a list of names for the various games and Shadow Games that appear in Yu-Gi-Oh! and the various Penalty Games used by the Millennium Item wielders.
An art book titled, was illustrated by Kazuki Takahashi under the Studio Dice label. The art book was released on December 16, 2011 and contains a number of illustrations done for the bunkoban releases of the manga, compilations of color illustrations found in the manga, and brand new art drawn for the book.[48] It also contains pictures by Takahashi used for cards with the anniversary layout, pictures he has posted on his website and a number of other original illustrations. Udon Press published an English version, translated by Caleb D. Cook.[49]
The was released in May 1999 following the release of Toei's Yu-Gi-Oh! film earlier that year. The book includes episode information and pictures regarding the anime and film, some pictures with the original manga with a section covering the making of certain monsters, and interviews regarding the film. It also features an ani-manga version of the film and is the only supplemental work released for the Toei anime.[50]
The is a book released to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the NAS adaption of the anime (as opposed to the manga), released on January 21, 2010. The book features scenes from Yu-Gi-Oh! 3D Bonds Beyond Time, a quick review of the three Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters series, character profiles, duels and interviews with the staff of the film. A fold-out double-sided poster is included with the book.[51]
Four animated films based on the franchise have been released.
Based on the Toei animated series, the thirty-minute Yu-Gi-Oh! film revolves around a boy named Shōgo Aoyama, who is targeted by Seto Kaiba after obtaining a powerful rare card; the legendary Red-Eyes Black Dragon. The film was released by Toei Company in theaters on March 6, 1999 and on VHS on November 21, 1999.[52]
, often referred to as simply Yu-Gi-Oh! The Movie, was first released in North America on August 13, 2004. The film was developed specifically for Western audiences by 4Kids based on the overwhelming success of the Yu-Gi-Oh! franchise in the United States. Warner Bros. distributed the film in most English-speaking countries. Its characters are from the Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters anime. In the film, which takes place following the Battle City arc, Yugi faces Anubis, the Egyptian God of the Dead. An extended uncut Japanese version of the film premiered in special screenings in Japan on November 3, 2004 under the title Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters: Pyramid of Light. The film was then aired on TV Tokyo on January 2, 2005. Attendees of the film's premiere in either country got 1 of 4 free Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game cards, which were Pyramid of Light, Sorcerer of Dark Magic, Blue Eyes Shining Dragon, and Watapon. The Home Video Release also gave out one of the free cards with an offer to get all four cards by mail (the promotion ended in December 2004).
10th Anniversary Yu-Gi-Oh! Movie: Super Fusion! Bonds that Transcend Time, is a 3-D film released on January 23, 2010 in Japan. The film was released in North America by 4Kids on February 26, 2011 under the name Yu-Gi-Oh! 3D: Bonds Beyond Time with additional footage, where it also received an encore screening in Japan.[53] Bonds Beyond Time coincided with the 10th anniversary of Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters anime and features an original storyline involving Yugi Mutou, alongside Jaden Yuki from Yu-Gi-Oh! GX and Yusei Fudo from Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's, fighting against a new enemy named Paradox.[54] It was first teased with short animations featured at the start of episodes of Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's during episodes 65–92. The film was released on Blu-ray Disc and DVD in July 2011, with the UK release by Manga Entertainment being the first bilingual release of the franchise since the uncut Yu-Gi-Oh! DVDs.[55]
4K Media announced that a new film was in development in Japan, celebrating Yu-Gi-Oh's 20th anniversary.[56] The film features an original story by Kazuki Takahashi, set six months after the events of the manga,[57] depicting a duel between Yugi and Kaiba,[58] as well as a new adversary. The film was released on April 23, 2016 in Japan[59] and had an international release in late 2016. The film released on DVD and Blu-ray on March 8, 2017 in Japan, and included the two part manga prequel called Yu-Gi-Oh!: Transcend Game.[60] The film was released in the United States on January 27, 2017, and was made available on DVD and Blu-ray on June 27, 2017.
Yu-Gi-Oh! GX, known in Japan as Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters GX, is the first spin-off anime series produced by NAS which ran for 180 episodes from October 6, 2004, and March 26, 2008. Taking place a few years after the events of Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters, the series follows a boy named Jaden Yuki as he attends a Duel Academy, built by Seto Kaiba, in the hopes of becoming the next Duel King. Like the previous seasons, 4Kids Entertainment licensed the series outside Japan and aired it in North America between October 10, 2005, and July 12, 2008, though episodes 156–180 were not dubbed.[61]
A manga adaptation by Naoyuki Kageyama was serialized in Shueisha's V-Jump magazine between December 17, 2005, and March 19, 2011. The manga differs from that of the anime, featuring new storylines and monsters, as well as some personality changes in some of the characters. The series is published in North America by Viz Media.
Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's is the second main spin-off series also taking place in the 2000 universe, which aired for 154 episodes between April 2, 2008 and March 30, 2011. It was later licensed by 4Kids and aired in North America between September 13, 2008 and September 10, 2011. This series focuses around a motorcycling duelist named Yusei Fudo and introduces new concepts such as Turbo Duels, duels which take place upon motorbikes called Duel Runners, and Synchro Monsters, which were also added to the real life trading card game.
A manga adaptation by Masahiro Hikokubo and Satou Masashi began serialization in V-Jump from August 2009 and, like the GX manga, differs from the anime in storyline and characterization. The manga is also published in North America by Viz Media.
Yu-Gi-Oh! Zexal is the third main spin-off series, which aired in Japan between April 11, 2011 and March 23, 2014, which aired for 146 episodes.[62] The first series aired between April 11, 2011 and September 24, 2012. The story revolves around a boy named Yuma Tsukumo who, joined by an interstellar being known as Astral, must gather the 100 Numbers cards that make up his memory. The series adds yet another monster type, Xyz Monsters, which were added to the trading card game. 4Kids licensed the series and began airing the series in North America on The CW's Toonzai block from October 15, 2011.[63] [64] [65] [66] After a legal battle with TV Tokyo and NAS caused 4Kids to file for bankruptcy, Konami received the rights to the series. The series aired on Saban's Vortexx block, with production done by 4K Media Inc.[67] A second series, titled Yu-Gi-Oh! Zexal II, aired in Japan between October 7, 2012 and March 23, 2014.[68]
The manga adaptation written by Shin Yoshida and illustrated by Naoto Miyashi, began serialization in the extended February 2011 issue of Shueisha's V Jump magazine, released on December 18, 2010.[69]
Yu-Gi-Oh! Arc-V is the fourth main spin-off series, which aired for 148 episodes between April 6, 2014 and March 26, 2017, following Yu-Gi-Oh! Zexal. The series focuses on a new protagonist, Yūya Sakaki, who participates in the world of Action Duels, in which enhanced Solid Vision systems give substance to monsters and environments. The series introduces Pendulum Monsters and Pendulum Summoning, which were added to the trading card game.[70]
Yu-Gi-Oh! VRAINS is the fifth main spin-off series, which aired for 120 episodes between May 10, 2017 and September 25, 2019, following Yu-Gi-Oh! Arc-V. The series follows a new protagonist named Yusaku Fujiki who engages in duels on a virtual world under the alias "Playmaker", determined to take down an elusive group of hackers known as the "Knights of Hanoi". The series introduces Link Monsters, which are also added to the trading card game.[71] [72]
On July 21, 2019, it was announced that a new anime spinoff would premiere sometime in 2020.[73]
On December 21, 2019, the title of the series was revealed to be Yu-Gi-Oh! Sevens, in addition to staff and casting. It premiered on April 4, 2020. For the first time since the 1998 Yu-Gi-Oh! series, the anime will not be animated by Gallop, with Bridge taking over as head studio in animation production.[74]
On December 18, 2021, it was announced that a new anime spinoff, titled "Yu-Gi-Oh Go Rush!", would premiere on April 3, 2022.[75] [76]
The Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game is a Japanese collectible card battle game developed and published by Konami. Based on the Duel Monsters concept from the original manga series, the game sees players using a combination of monsters, spells, and traps to defeat their opponent. First launched in Japan in 1999, the game has received various changes over the years, such as the inclusion of new monster types to coincide with the release of new anime series. In 2011, Guinness World Records called it the top-selling trading card game in history, with billion cards sold worldwide.[77], the game is estimated to have sold about cards worldwide.[78] [79] [80]
There are several video games based on the Yu-Gi-Oh! franchise which are published by Konami, the majority of which are based on the trading card game, and some based on other games that appeared in the manga. Aside from various games released for consoles and handheld systems, arcade machines known as Duel Terminals have been released which are compatible with certain cards in the trading card game. Outside of Konami's titles, Yugi appears as a playable character in the crossover fighting games Jump Super Stars, Jump Ultimate Stars, and Jump Force.[81] [82]
The manga has sold million copies.[83] In December 2002, Shonen Jump received the ICv2 Award for "Comic Product of the Year" due to its unprecedented sales numbers and its successfully connecting comics to both the television medium and the Yu-Gi-Oh! collectible card game; one of the top CCG games of the year.[84] In August 2008, TV Tokyo reported that over billion Yu-Gi-Oh! cards had been sold worldwide.[85] By 2011, it had sold billion cards worldwide.
John Jakala of Anime News Network reviewed the Yu-Gi-Oh! manga in 2003 as part of reviewing the U.S. Shonen Jump. Jakala said that while the commercials for the second series anime made the anime appear "completely uninteresting," the comic "is unexpectedly dark and moody." Jakala added that at one moment the series "reminded me of Neil Gaiman's work: Yugi finds himself drawn into a magical world of ancient forces where there are definite rules that must be obeyed." Jakala concluded that the fact the series uses games as plot devices "opens up a lot of story possibilities" and that he feared that the series had the potential to "simply devolve into a tie-in for the popular card game."[86]
Jason Thompson, the editor of the English version of the manga, ranked Yu-Gi-Oh! as number three of his five personal favorite series to edit, stating that he thinks "the story is actually pretty solid for a shonen manga" and that "you can tell it was written by an older man because of the obsession with death, and what might come after death, which dominates the final story arc," enjoying all the RPG and card gaming terminology found within the series.
Lisa Takeuchi Cullen argued that the manga series started to garner more popularity among Japanese children with the second series because of its somewhat "dark story lines, leggy girls and terrifying monsters". Cullen speculated that the series was not popular among Japanese parents, due to it being more intended for teenagers than the young kids that make up the audience for franchises such as Pokémon.[87]
Yu-Gi-Oh! was used by Bandai as part of their Candy Toy toyline.[88] [89] [90]