| Mikhail Nikolaevich Gernet | |
| Birth Date: | 24 July 1874 |
| Birth Place: | Ardatov, Russian Empire |
| Death Place: | Moscow, Soviet Union |
| Occupation: | Рrofessor of law Imperial Moscow University Moscow State University |
| Education: | Doctor of Science (1939) |
| Alma Mater: | Imperial Moscow University (1897) |
Mikhail Nikolaevich Gernet (Russian: Михаил Николаевич Гернет; 24 July [<nowiki/>[[Old Style and New Style dates|O. S.]] 12 July] 1874 – 16 January 1953) was a Russian and Soviet criminologist and legal historian who is considered the founder of sociological criminology in Russia.
Gernet taught law at Moscow State University from 1897 on, where he notably opposed the death penalty and introduced the concept of resocialization into Russian criminal law scholarship. In 1911, he took up a post at the Psychoneurological Institute in Moscow. After the Russian Revolution and until his death, he taught at Moscow University again, where he contributed to the Stalinist legal codifications of the 1930s and developed a class-specific theory of law and crime, which influenced Mikhail Reisner among others.