| Middleburg | |
| Settlement Type: | Unincorporated community |
| Pushpin Map: | USA Kentucky#USA |
| Pushpin Label Position: | left |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location within the state of Kentucky |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Kentucky |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Casey |
| Unit Pref: | Imperial |
| Population As Of: | 2000 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone: | Eastern (EST) |
| Utc Offset: | -5 |
| Timezone Dst: | EST |
| Utc Offset Dst: | -4 |
| Elevation Ft: | 860 |
| Coordinates: | 37.3578°N -84.8211°W |
| Postal Code Type: | ZIP codes |
| Postal Code: | 42541 |
| Blank Name: | FIPS code |
| Blank1 Name: | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank1 Info: | 498151 |
Middleburg is a rural unincorporated community with a post office sitting just off the Green River in central Casey County, Kentucky, United States. The first land owner in the area was Abraham Lincoln I, the grandfather of president Abraham Lincoln, who purchased 800acres in the area in 1784. In 1800, Lincoln transferred the land to Christopher Riffe.
Riffe built a home there and operated a mill, which began the focal point of the community. He was also the community's first postmaster when the post office first opened on February 11, 1837. He named it possibly for Middleburg, Virginia; or because of its location midway between Liberty and Hustonville.