Microtis media explained

Microtis media, commonly known as the common mignonette orchid, is a species of herbaceous plants of the family Orchidaceae endemic to the south–west of Western Australia. It has a single tubular leaf and up to one hundred small, yellowish green flowers arranged along the flowering stem.

Description

Microtis media are deciduous, chlorophyllous, sympodial, tuberoid terrestrial orchids with a single, tubular leaf long that encloses the lower one-third to half of the flowering stem. The flowers are green, wide, arranged around an erect flowering stem high. The dorsal sepal forms a hood over the column and the petals face forwards. The lateral sepals are curled. The labellum is thick and has a more or less rough, irregular margin and a raised callus.[1] [2]

Taxonomy and naming

The species was first formally described by Robert Brown in 1810 from a specimen collected at King George Sound in 1801. The description was published in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen.[3] [4] The specific epithet (media) is a Latin word meaning "medium",[5] referring to the intermediate floral structure.[6]

The plant was featured in Curtis's Botanical Magazine in 1825, where it was given the common name middle-sized microtis. According to Allan Cunningham it appeared from a sod of earth containing a Cephalotus, collected by Phillip Parker King from same location, and flowered to provide the source of the illustration by Franz Bauer. The description was "Whole plant, in general aspect, very much resembling the M. parviflora represented in our last plate, but more than twice the size. The flowers too are extremely similar, and the chief difference is to be found in the lip, which is here larger in proportion to the rest of the flower, and it is singularly wedge-shaped, truncated, and obtuse, even retuse at the extremity :–the disk being moreover furnished with two oblong, warty callosities, and the margin of the lower half and apex, with several globose, tuberculated processes".[7]

Subspecies

In 1990, Robert John Bates described two subspecies of M. media and the names have been accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families:

(Microtis media subsp. eremicola and M. media subsp. quadrata have been elevated to species status as Microtis eremicola[8] and Microtis quadrata[9] respectively.)

Distribution and habitat

The common mignonette orchid grow in shrubland, woodland and forest, often in seasonally wet areas and on granite outcrops. It occurs in the southwest of Western Australia between Shark Bay and Eyre.

Conservation status

This orchid is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.

Notes and References

  1. Bates. Robert. Notes on the genus Microtis (Orchidaceae) in Western Australia with the description of two new taxa. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden. 1990. 13. 51–57. 31 October 2019.
  2. Book: Jones. David L.. A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. 2006. New Holland. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.. 978-1877069123. 225.
  3. Web site: Microtis media. APNI. 9 October 2017.
  4. Book: Brown. Robert. Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae. 1810. London. 321. 9 October 2017.
  5. Book: Brown. Roland Wilbur. The Composition of Scientific Words. 1956. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C.. 522.
  6. Book: Brown. Andrew. Dixon. Kingsley. French. Christopher. Brockman. Garry. Field guide to the orchids of Western Australia : the definitive guide to the native orchids of Western Australia. 2013. Simon Nevill Publications. 9780980348149. 288.
  7. Cunningham, Allan; Bauer, Franz; et al. Curtis's botanical magazine, 62 Plate 3378
  8. Web site: Microtis eremicola. APNI. 9 October 2017.
  9. Web site: Microtis quadrata. APNI. 9 October 2017.