Michel Boivin Explained

Michel Boivin is a French historian and anthropologist who specializes in South Asia. Trained in contemporary history, Islamic studies and ethnology, he is currently Emeritus Director of Research at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS: French National Center for Scientific Research) and a member of the CESAH (Centre for the Study of South Asia and the Himalayas), former CEIAS (Center for South Asian Studies) at the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences (EHESS). He had taught at the Université de Savoie Mont Blanc, at Sciences Po Lyon, as well as at The Catholic University of Lyon. He has co-directed three seminars at the EHESS: "History and Anthropology of the Muslim Societies of South Asia", "Authority and Politics in the Sufism of South and Central Asia", and "Material Culture and devotion among the Shia societies". In addition, he contributed to the organization of two CEIAS research groups: "Vernacular Cultures and New Muslim Elites", with Julien Levesque, and "Gujarati and Sindhi Studies: Societies, Languages and Cultures", with Pierre Lachaier.

Biography

After studying at Chambéry high school with an emphasis in the humanities, Michel Boivin became an expert on the Modern history of the Muslim world. He holds a DEA in Arabic and Islamic studies from the Université Lyon 2, and obtained a doctorat in Oriental Languages, Civilizations and Societies from the Université Paris 3-Sorbonne Nouvelle on Isma’ilian Shi’ism and Modernity in Sultân Muhammad Shâh Aghâ Khân (1877–1957), and then an habilitation thesis in ethnology from the Université Paris Ouest-Nanterre, on the topic of Shi’ism, Sufism and Social dynamics in Contemporary Sindh (19th century–20th century).Michel Boivin is specialized in the study of the contemporary history and historical anthropology of Muslim communities in India and Pakistan during the colonial period, and since independence was obtained. After having devoted several years to the study of the Isma’ilians of these regions, he shifted his focus to Sufi groups. He directs a research team on "History and Sufism in the Indus Valley" at the CEIAS (EHESS-CNRS). From 2008 to 2011, this team has worked on an interdisciplinary and international project centered on the Sufi site of Sehwan Sharif. This mid-size city located in the southern Province of Pakistan called Sindh is where the tomb of the Sufi saint Lal Shahbaz Qalandar (d. 1274) is located. This sanctuary has become a site of pilgrimage where ecstatic dance practices take place. In addition, it is also an ecumenical center, as Hindus still play an important part in the rituals. Finally, Sehwan Sharif is a gathering place for gyrovague renouncers, used to be called "qalandars" and are now most often referred to as "malangs".

One of his most recent research interests is in "Hindu Sufism" in Pakistan and India. To start out, Michel Boivin retraced the migratory paths of Sindhi Hindus, then researched their Sufi rituals in order to evaluate the extent to which they had to change to adapt to their new environment. In parallel, he has begun work on collecting the publications and manuscripts on Sufism in the Sindhi language. Despite his emphasis on historical anthropology, Michel Boivin continues to work on the appearance of new forms of knowledge in the 19th century. He is particularly interested in the production of a new culture in the Sindh province as a result of interaction between British colonial rule, the emergence of new elites and the objectification of Sufism. His work is therefore to be understood as a continuation of postcolonial studies, as he is engaged in reconstructing the evolution of the "Sufi culture of Sindh" based on archival work carried out in the Indian sub-continent and in Europe. During the last years, he used to employ iconography as a meaningful data to fill gaps resulting from the lack of written sources.

Michel Boivin teaches Historical Anthropology of South Asia at EHESS, Paris, with a focus on the Sindhicate area. He created in 2008 the Mission Interdisciplinaire Française du Sindh (MIFS) and signed an MOU with the department of Antiquities, Government of Sindh. The same year, an electronic newsletter was launched. In 2010, the MIFS became a register NGO (Association Loi 1901) in France. In 2011, Michel Boivin started the Centre for Social Science in Karachi (CSSK), with an MOU with the Alliance Française de Karachi which was hosting the centre. The same year, he funded the CSSK Series with OUP Pakistan. The CSSK organizes academic events and in 2015, it became a register NGO (Association Loi 1901) under French law. The CSSK organizes conferences, exhibitions, as well as training in Social Sciences for students, which are followed by field trips in Sindh. Beyond supervising PhD students at EHESS, he is also an external examiner at the University of Karachi and the University of Sindh. As director of CSSK, he signed a MOU with N. E. D. University, Department of Architecture and Planning, Karachi in 2017. This MOU wished to reinforce the cooperation between the CEIAS and the N. E. D. University for the new project Michel Boivin had launched in 2016: the Uderolal Research Project (ULRP). Throughout this new ongoing project, the aim is to devote a multidisciplinary approach to the study of a sacred figure named Jhulelal, as well as with many other names, knowing it is worshipped both in Pakistan and in India, mostly by Sindhi speaking populations.

In 2011, Michel Boivin was nominated as member of the National Committee of CNRS, section 38 Ethnology, Anthropology and Sociology of Religions. In 2016, he was elected member in the same committee for a tenure of five years. In 2017, Michel Boivin was elected Director of the Centre for South Asian Studies (CNRS-EHESS), with three co-directors, and his tenure was from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2022. In 2021, he was co-founding as co-editor with Matthew Cook the Journal of Sindhi Studies, published by Brill Publishers, and in 2022, Critical Pakistan Studies published by Cambridge University Press, with Matthew Cook, Kamran Asdar Ali and Amina Yaqin. Before his retirement, he decided to devote a fieldwork back to the Ismaili Studies. The first part was made in the Roshan Khayal Dawoodi Bohra community of Malegaon, in Maharashtra, and the second one was devoted to two main sites of the Nizari Ismaili community in Mumbai itself, namely the Darkhana Jama'at Khana in Dongri, and Hasan Ali Shah's dargah in Mazagaon.The latter CNRS field was also linked to a project he was starting with Karen Ruffle (University of Toronto) on Muslim devotion to the ahl-e bait. Michel Boivin retired in may 2023, and he became Emeritus Research Director at CNRS, Centre for the Study of South Asia and the Himalayas (CESAH). He is currently working with Matthew Cook on a Handbook of Sindhi Studies, to be published by Routledge.

Works

Books

Chapters and papers

Forthcoming | With Nandita Bhavnani, “The Sindhis and their darbars: Mumbai as a hub of Sindhi resilience through spirituality”, in Kamlesh Mohan ed., The Uprooted People: Uncovering Stories of Compassion, Resilience, and Healing. Delhi: Primus Book.

2024 | “The Material Culture of Sufism: A Preliminary Catalogue of data collected in Sehwan Sharif (Sindh, Pakistan)”, in Roberto Tottoli (ed.), Volume in Memory of Professor Alberto Ventura, Napoli: The Orientale University.

2024 | “The Sikhs in Pakistan”, Brill’s Encyclopedia of Sikhism, ed. Knut Jakobsen.

2023 | with Trisha Lalchandani, “Everyday Religiosity among the Hindu Sindhis of India: Sindhi Identity and the Religious Market in the Era of Social Networks”, in Farhana Ibrahim ed. Everyday Belief and the Practice of Being Modern: Religious Studies in India, New Delhi, Oxford University Press, pp. 153-173.

2023 | “Khwaja Khizr in Iconographic Translation: The Changing Visual Idiom of a Complex Figure from South Asia,” in Michel Boivin and Manoël Pénicaud (Eds), Inter-religious Practices and Saint Veneration in the Muslim World. Khidr/Khizr from the Middle East to South Asia, London and New York, Routledge, 2023, pp. 84-103.

2023 | with Manoël Pénicaud, “Introduction to Khidr-Khizr. A Figure of Shared Legacy in a World of Religious Boundaries”, in Michel Boivin and Manoël Pénicaud (Eds), Inter-religious Practices and Saint Veneration in the Muslim World. Khidr/Khizr from the Middle East to South Asia, London and New York, Routledge, 2023, pp. 4-17.

2023 | “Regions and Regional Traditions. Pakistan: Sindh”, Brill’s Encyclopedia of Hinduism, ed. Knut Jakobsen, Volume VII: Supplement, Brill, Leiden – Boston, pp. 3-16.

2023 | “Ethnography of the dhago. Material Culture and the Performance of Devotion in South Asia”, in Giovani di Zorzi and Thomas Dahnhardt (eds), Journey among the Dervishes between Past and Present, Milano, Mimesis International, pp. 127-151.

2023 | « ginan », « Jhulelal », « Latif, Shah Abd al- », « marsiya », « mirasi », « Sami », Dictionnaire Encyclopédique de l’Inde, Paris, Editions Garnier. 2023 | avec Jyoti Garin, “Littérature sindhie. Sindhi adab », Dictionnaire Encyclopédique de l’Inde, Paris, Editions Garnier.

2022 | with Masooma Shakir, Suneela Ahmed, and Fahmida Shaikh, “Indus River and Cultural Heritage. Commemoration of Three Sites in Sindh” Handbook of Waterfront Cities and Urbanism, Edited By Mohammed Rahman, New York, Routledge, pp. 58-74.

Sources