The Ecclesiastical Province of Canada, founded in 1860, forms one of four ecclesiastical provinces in the Anglican Church of Canada (ACC). Despite modern use of the name Canada, the ecclesiastical province covers only the former territory of Lower Canada (i.e., southern and eastern Quebec), the Maritimes, and Newfoundland and Labrador. It once also included Upper Canada (Ontario), which was split off as the Ecclesiastical Province of Ontario in 1911.[1] The province comprises seven dioceses:
A metropolitan, elected from among the province's diocesan bishops, heads each province of the Anglican Church of Canada. On election, this bishop then becomes archbishop of his or her diocese and metropolitan of the province.David Edwards, the Bishop of Fredericton, became the metropolitan of the Province of Canada in 2020.
From 1861 until 1870 the Bishop of Montreal served as metropolitan over the four dioceses of the then Province of Canada (i.e., Upper and Lower Canada – modern Ontario and Quebec). The province expanded in 1870 and 1871 to include New Brunswick and Nova Scotia.[2] After 1878 the role of metropolitan of the province of Canada became one elected from among the diocesan bishops of the province.[3]
| Order | Name | Diocese | Dates | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 1861–1868 | ||||
| 2nd | Bishop of Montreal | 1869–1878 | |||
| 3rd | 1879–1892 | ||||
| 4th | 1893–1900 | ||||
| 5th | 1901–1906 | Primate of All Canada, 1904–1906 | |||
| 6th | 1907–1909 | ||||
| 7th | 1909–1912 | ||||
| 8th | 1915–1934 | Primate of All Canada, 1931–1934 | |||
| 9th | 1934–1938 | ||||
| 10th | Archbishop of Nova Scotia | 1939–1943 | |||
| 11th | 1944–1960 | ||||
| 12th | Archbishop of Montreal | 1960–1962 | |||
| 13th | Archbishop of Fredericton | 1963–1972 | |||
| 14th | Archbishop of Nova Scotia | 1972–1975 | |||
| 15th | Archbishop of Newfoundland (later Archbishop of Eastern Newfoundland and Labrador) | 1975–1980 | |||
| 16th | Archbishop of Fredericton | 1980–1989 | |||
| 17th | Archbishop of Montreal | 1989–1990 | |||
| 18th | 1990–1997 | ||||
| 19th | Archbishop of Nova Scotia | 1997–2002 | |||
| 20th | Archbishop of Montreal | 2002–2004 | Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada, 2004–2007 | ||
| 21st | Archbishop of Quebec | 2004–2009 | |||
| 22nd | Archbishop of Fredericton | 2009–2014 | |||
| 23rd | Archbishop of Western Newfoundland | 2014–2017 | |||
| 24th | 2017–2020 | ||||
| 25th | Archbishop of Fredericton | 2020–present |