Métis French Explained

Métis French
Nativename:Le français métis
States:Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba
Ethnicity:Métis people
Speakers:<100
Date:no date
Ref:[1] [2]
Familycolor:Indo-European
Fam2:Italic
Fam3:Latino-Faliscan
Fam4:Romance
Fam5:Italo-Western
Fam6:Western Romance
Fam7:Gallo-Romance
Fam8:French
Fam9:Canadian French
Isoexception:dialect
Glotto:none
Root:Métis
"mixed"
People:Métis
Language:Michif
Métis French
Hand Talk
Country:Michif Piyii

Métis French (French: français métis) is one of the traditional languages of the Métis people along with Michif and Bungi, and is the French-dialect source of Michif.

Features

Métis French is a variety of Canadian French with some added characters such as Ññ, Áá, Óó, and Ææ (from older French spellings) (example, French: il ñá ócun nævus sur ce garçon English: "there is no birthmark on this boy") and words loaned from indigenous languages such as Ojibwe, Beaver and Cree.

Like Michif, Métis French is spoken in Manitoba and North Dakota and adjacent provinces or states. As a general rule, Métis individuals speak one or the other, rarely both. Métis French and Michif share a common phonology and morphosyntax for the noun phrase but differ as to their sources for the verb phrase which is Ojibwe-Cree based in Michif, French-based in Métis French. Examples of this loaning can be found in words such as French: cacúare in French pronounced as /qɑˈkwɑʁ/ from the Cree word, kakwe "to try/attempt" which maintains its Cree meaning with the additional colloquial use of "to wander" as in French: il á cacúu là English: "he wandered there" which suggests that the subject wandered with little control of his own feet; in the word French: ttonne in French pronounced as /tʼɔn/ meaning "wolf" or "loyal" (in a pack-like sense) when used as an adjective from the word for wolf in Beaver, ch'one or in the words French: jaganache in French pronounced as /ʒagɑ̃ʃ/ meaning "white/non-Métis" person from the Ojibwe word zhaganash and French: minapæ in French pronounced as /mɛ̃nape/ from the Cree word for "good person", miyo-nâpêw though in Métis French it is closer to the word "mec" (guy) and implies that the word refers someone that the speaker knows personally.

Phonology

Consonants

!Labial!Alveolar!Palatal!Velar!Uvular
Nasalm ⟨m⟩n ⟨n⟩ɲ ⟨ñ⟩ŋ ⟨ng⟩
Stopvoicelessp ⟨p⟩t ⟨t⟩k ⟨c/qu⟩q ⟨c⟩
voicedb ⟨b⟩d ⟨d⟩ɡ ⟨g⟩
ejectivepʼ ⟨pp⟩tʼ ⟨tt⟩kʼ ⟨cq⟩
Fricativevoicelessf ⟨f⟩s ⟨s⟩ʃ ⟨ch⟩ʁ ⟨r⟩
voicedv ⟨v⟩z ⟨s/z⟩ʒ ⟨j⟩χ ⟨h⟩
Approximantvoicelessl ⟨l⟩j ⟨y⟩
voicedw ⟨ou⟩

Vowels

Oral
 FrontCentralBack
Closepronounced as /link/ ⟨i⟩pronounced as /link/ ⟨u⟩pronounced as /link/ ⟨ú⟩
Close-midpronounced as /link/ ⟨æ⟩pronounced as /link/ ⟨é⟩pronounced as /link/ ⟨e⟩pronounced as /link/ ⟨ó⟩
Open-midpronounced as /link/ ⟨ê⟩pronounced as /link/ ⟨œ⟩pronounced as /link/ ⟨ô/o⟩
Openpronounced as /link/ ⟨á⟩(pronounced as /link/) ⟨a⟩
Front! Back
Midpronounced as /link/ ⟨on⟩
Openpronounced as /link/ ⟨en⟩(pronounced as /link/) ⟨un⟩pronounced as /link/ ⟨an⟩

See also

References

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Aboriginal peoples and language . Statistics Canada . 12 March 2024.
  2. Web site: Michif and other languages of the Canadian Métis . 12 March 2024 . Peter . Bakker . Robert A. . Papen . metismuseum.ca.

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