Meterana exquisita explained

Meterana exquisita (also known as the exquisite owlet moth)[1] is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand. It is classified as "At Risk, Relict'" by the Department of Conservation.

Taxonomy

This species was first described and illustrated by Alfred Philpott in 1903 and was given the name Melanchra exquisita.[2] Philpott used a male specimen he collected at West Plains in Southland in December.[3] George Hudson discussed and illustrated this species in his 1928 book The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand.[4] In 1988 John S. Dugdale placed this species within the genus Meterana. The holotype specimen is held at the New Zealand Arthropod Collection.[5]

Description

The larvae of this species are large, angular and green coloured with thin red and white lines.[6]

Philpott originally described the male of the species as follows:

Distribution

This species is endemic to New Zealand.[7] M. exquisita has occurred in Auckland, Waikato, Taupō, Whanganui, Wairarapa, Nelson, South Canterbury, Mackenzie country, Central Otago, Otago Lakes and Southland. However this species is now locally extinct in its type locality of West Plains and is almost wiped out in Auckland.

Life cycle and behaviour

This species has only one generation a year. The larvae are bright green coloured and as a result are well camouflaged when feeding on their host species. Larvae feed for one month before they pupate. M. exquisita are on the wing from August to December but are most common from September to October. The species can fly for at least 800m from their nearest host plant. This species has been collected at sugar traps.

Host species and habitat

The plant host species for the larvae of M. exquisita are small-leaved Olearia species.[8] These include O. hectorii, O. odorata, and O. bullata.[9]

Conservation status

This moth is classified under the New Zealand Threat Classification system as being "At Risk, Relict".[10] One of the reasons for this classification is that the habitat of this species is under threat from land development. The elimination of the host plants of this species has resulted in their extinction from sites in New Zealand.[11]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Maanaki Whenua Landcare Research . October 2016 . Shedding light on the night – a citizen science programme to study moths . Open space . 91 . 14–15 . qeiinationaltrust.org.nz.
  2. Web site: Meterana exquisita (Philpott, 1903). www.nzor.org.nz. Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. 2018-05-17.
  3. Philpott. Alfred. 1903. On some new species of Lepidoptera (moths) from Southland.. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. en. 35. 246–249. Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  4. Book: Hudson, G. V.. The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand. Ferguson & Osborn Ltd.. 1928. Wellington. 63. George Hudson (entomologist).
  5. Dugdale. J. S.. 1988. Lepidoptera-annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa.. Fauna of New Zealand. 14. 207. Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd.
  6. Pawson. S.M.. Emberson. R.M.. 2000. The conservation status of invertebrates in Canterbury.. Conservation Advisory Science Notes. 320. 1–64.
  7. 457.
  8. Book: Patrick, Brian. Conservation status of the New Zealand lepidoptera. Dugdale. John S.. 2000. Department of Conservation, New Zealand. 0478218672. Wellington, N.Z.. 32. 154670803.
  9. Web site: Ecology of the declining Olearia lineata and not-threatened Olearia bullata in human-modified environments and implications for their conservation. Lambert. Michelle Teresa. 2015. www.ir.canterbury.ac.nz. 18 May 2018.
  10. Book: Hoare, R.J.B.. Conservation status of New Zealand butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera), 2015. Dugdale. J.S.. Edwards. E.D.. Gibbs. G.W.. Patrick. B.H.. Hitchmough. R.A.. Rolfe. J.R.. New Zealand Department of Conservation. 2017. 9781988514383. Wellington, New Zealand. 8.
  11. Book: Patrick, Brian. Lepidoptera of small-leaved divaricating Olearia in New Zealand and their conservation priority. Department of Conservation, New Zealand. 2000. 0478220154. Wellington, N.Z.. 48661253.