Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance explained

The Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) is a metabolic index developed with the aim to quantify peripheral insulin sensitivity in humans; it was first described under the name METS-IR by Bello-Chavolla et al. in 2018.[1] [2] It was developed by the Metabolic Research Disease Unit at the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Salvador Zubirán[3] and validated against the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp and the frequently-sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test in Mexican population. It is a non-insulin-based alternative to insulin-based methods to quantify peripheral insulin sensitivity and an alternative to SPINA Carb, the Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA-IR) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). METS-IR is currently validated for its use to assess cardio-metabolic risk in Latino population.

Derivation and validation

METS-IR was generated using linear regression against the M-value adjusted by lean body mass obtained from the glucose clamp technique in Mexican subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is estimated using fasting laboratory values including glucose (in mg/dL), triglycerides (mg/dL) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, in mg/dL) along with body-mass index (BMI). The index can be estimated using the following formula:

METS-IR=

ln[2*Glucose(mg/dL)+Triglycerides(mg/dL)]*BMI(kg/m2)
ln[HDL-C(mg/dL)]

The index holds a significant correlation with the M-value adjusted by lean mass (ρ = −0.622) obtained from the euglycemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp study adjusted for age and gender as well as minimal model estimates of glucose sensitivity.[4] In an open population cohort study in Mexican population, METS-IR was shown to predict incident type 2 diabetes mellitus and a value of METS-IR >50.0 suggested up to three-fold higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes after an average of three years. In a nation-wide population-based study of Chinese subjects, METS-IR was also shown to identify subjects with metabolic syndrome independent of adiposity.[5] METS-IR also predicts visceral fat content, subcutaneous adipose tissue, fasting insulin levels and ectopic fat accumulation in liver and pancreas.

Comparison to other indexes

METS-IR was compared against other non-insulin-based methods to approximate insulin sensitivity including the Triglyceride-Glucose index (TyG),[6] the triglyceride to HDL-C ratio,[7] and the TyG-BMI index,[8] yielding a higher correlation and area under the receiving operating characteristic curve compared to these other measures. When assessing its utility for identifying metabolic syndrome in Chinese subjects, Yu et al. suggested that the TyG and TG/HDL-C indexes had superior performance in their population owing to ethnic-specific variations in body composition.[9] Given the role of ethnicity in modifying the performance of insulin sensitivity fasting-based indexes, further evaluations in different populations are required to establish performance of non-insulin-based methods.[10]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is predictive of visceral adiposity and incident type 2 diabetes . European Journal of Endocrinology. 178. 5. Bello-Chavolla . Omar Yaxmehen . Almeda-Valdes . Paloma . 2018 . 533–544 . 10.1530/EJE-17-0883 . 29535168 . Gomez-Velasco . Donaji . Viveros-Ruiz . Tannia . Cruz-Bautista . Ivette . Romo-Romo . Alonso . Sánchez-Lázaro . Daniel . Meza-Oviedo . Dushan . Vargas-Vázquez . Arsenio. free .
  2. Web site: Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Psoriasis . Yılmaz . Abdulkerim . Kaya . Süheyla Uzun . 2014-07-16 . Journal of Contemporary Medicine . . Turkey . 1–5 . 2019-01-03 . Kalkan . Göknur . Öztürk . Banu . Şahin . Şafak . Kutlutürk . Faruk . Taşlıyurt . Türker . Bilir . Yeliz.
  3. Web site: Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas. www.innsz.mx. 2019-01-03.
  4. Finegood. Diane T.. Dunaif. Andrea. McDonald. Cheryl. 2000-07-01. Minimal-Model Estimates of Insulin Sensitivity Are Insensitive to Errors in Glucose Effectiveness. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 85. 7. 2504–2508. 10.1210/jcem.85.7.6681. 10902801. 0021-972X. free.
  5. Yu. Xinwen. Wang. Li. Zhang. Wencheng. Ming. Jie. Jia. Aihua. Xu. Shaoyong. Li. Qiaoyue. Ji. Qiuhe. Fasting triglycerides and glucose index is more suitable for the identification of metabolically unhealthy individuals in the Chinese adult population: A nationwide study. Journal of Diabetes Investigation. 10.1111/jdi.12975. 30417578. 2040-1124. 2018. 10. 4. 1050–1058. 6626942. free.
  6. Guerrero-Romero. Fernando. Simental-Mendía. Luis E.. González-Ortiz. Manuel. Martínez-Abundis. Esperanza. Ramos-Zavala. María G.. Hernández-González. Sandra O.. Jacques-Camarena. Omar. Rodríguez-Morán. Martha. July 2010. The product of triglycerides and glucose, a simple measure of insulin sensitivity. Comparison with the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 95. 7. 3347–3351. 10.1210/jc.2010-0288. 1945-7197. 20484475. free.
  7. Giannini. Cosimo. Santoro. Nicola. Caprio. Sonia. Kim. Grace. Lartaud. Derek. Shaw. Melissa. Pierpont. Bridget. Weiss. Ram. August 2011. The Triglyceride-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio. Diabetes Care. 34. 8. 1869–1874. 10.2337/dc10-2234. 0149-5992. 3142016. 21730284.
  8. Ko. Yu-Lin. Sun. Yu-Chen. Teng. Ming-Sheng. Hsu. Lung-An. Chou. Hsin-Hua. Wu. Semon. Er. Leay-Kiaw. 2016-03-01. Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index Is a Simple and Clinically Useful Surrogate Marker for Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Individuals. PLOS ONE. 11. 3. e0149731. 10.1371/journal.pone.0149731. 1932-6203. 4773118. 26930652. 2016PLoSO..1149731E. free.
  9. Sniderman. Allan D.. Tchernof. André. Bondy. Gregory P.. Kohli. Simi. Lear. Scott A.. 2009-12-01. Ethnic Variation in Fat and Lean Body Mass and the Association with Insulin Resistance. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 94. 12. 4696–4702. 10.1210/jc.2009-1030. 19820012. 0021-972X. free.
  10. Butte. Atul J.. Patel. Chirag J.. Toda. Kyoko. Yamada. Satoru. Tojjar. Damon. Kodama. Keiichi. 2013-06-01. Ethnic Differences in the Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Response: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 36. 6. 1789–1796. 10.2337/dc12-1235. 1935-5548. 23704681. 3661854.

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