Meta bourneti explained

Meta bourneti is an orb weaving cave spider closely related to Meta menardi.[1]

Morphology

Big sized spider (body length male: 10–13 mm; female: 13–16 mm), very similar in the external morphology to the congeneric Meta menardi. The prosoma is red-brown, with darker margin. Legs are red-brown. The opisthosoma is yellowish, laterally often completely black.[2]

Ecology

Usually found in caves, in the twilight-zone. The species show a preference for cave walls and roofs, where it spin its orb-web. M. bourneti is able to consume a wide variety of prey items, including dipterans, moths, centipedes, woodlouse, and other cave-dwelling spiders.[3]

Phenology

Female and juveniles are observed all year round. Males are rare, and usually found from August to December.

The eggsac (cocoon) is white, drop-shaped, and very similar to that of M. menardi (see [4]). It is usually laid in the proximity of the cave entrance between October and November. The spiderlings hatch from the cocoon between January and February.

Distribution

It is found from Europe to Georgia and North Africa.

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Rare spider species found in Highgate Cemetery vaults . 20 January 2013. BBC News. 21 January 2013.
  2. Web site: Meta bourneti – araneae. www.araneae.unibe.ch. 2016-05-25.
  3. Mammola. Stefano. Isaia. Marco. 2014-01-01. Niche differentiation in Meta Bourneti and M. menardi (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) with notes on the life history. International Journal of Speleology. 43. 3. 343–353. 10.5038/1827-806x.43.3.11. 0392-6672. free. 2318/148030. free.
  4. Chiavazzo. Eliodoro. Isaia. Marco. Mammola. Stefano. Lepore. Emiliano. Ventola. Luigi. Asinari. Pietro. Pugno. Nicola Maria. 2015-01-05. Cave spiders choose optimal environmental factors with respect to the generated entropy when laying their cocoon. Scientific Reports. en. 5. 10.1038/srep07611. 2045-2322. 7611. 25556697. 5154591.