Mendocino Complex Fire Explained

Mendocino Complex Fire
Reference:[1] [2] [3]
Location:Northern California, United States
Coordinates:39.2433°N -123.1034°W
Pushpin Map:California
Cost:≥$257 million (2018 USD)[4] [5]
Area:459123acres
Buildings:280
Cause:Ranch Fire caused by a man trying to plug the entrance of a wasp nest with a hammer and stake; River Fire cause undetermined
Injuries:4 firefighters[6]
Fatalities:1 firefighter

The Mendocino Complex Fire was a large complex of wildfires that burned in northern California for more than three months in 2018.[7] It consisted of two wildfires, the River Fire and Ranch Fire, which burned in Mendocino, Lake, Colusa, and Glenn Counties in the U.S. State of California, with the Ranch Fire being California's single-largest recorded wildfire at the time until the August Complex fire in 2020. The Ranch Fire burned eight miles northeast of Ukiah, and the River Fire burned six miles north of Hopland, to the south of the larger Ranch Fire. First reported on July 27, 2018, both fires burned a combined total of 459123acres, before they were collectively 100% contained on September 18, though hotspots persisted until the complex was fully brought under control on January 4, 2019. The Ranch Fire alone burned 410203acres, making it the largest wildfire in modern California history at the time until the August Complex fire that occurred in 2020. The Ranch Fire also surpassed the size of the 315,577-acre Rush Fire, which burned across California and Nevada,[8] as well as the Santiago Canyon Fire of 1889, which was previously believed to have been California's all-time largest wildfire.

The fires collectively destroyed 280 structures while damaging 37 others; causing at least $257 million (2018 USD) in damages, including $56 million in insured property damage and $201 million (2018 USD) in fire suppression costs. The city of Lakeport, communities of Kelseyville, Lucerne, Upper Lake, Nice, Saratoga Springs, Witter Springs, Potter Valley, and Finley, parts of Hopland, and the tribal communities of Hopland Rancheria, Big Valley Rancheria, and Habematolel Pomo of Upper Lake were evacuated.

The smaller River Fire was the first fire in the complex to be contained, reaching full containment on August 13, while the Ranch Fire continued to burn for more than a month after that, with flames on the northern flank of the Ranch Fire pushing eastward from the Snow Mountain Wilderness into Glenn County. The Ranch Fire finally reached full containment during the evening of September 18. However, the Ranch Fire continued to burn deep within containment lines until November 7, when the fire was declared to be inactive.

Progression

July

The Mendocino Complex comprised two vegetation fires that burned within miles of each other near Clear Lake, in Northern California. The first of the two fires reported was the Ranch Fire, which was reported on July 27, 2018, at 12:05 PM PDT, off Highway 20 near Potter Valley. Within hours of being reported, the fire had injured two firefighters.[9] [10] Approximately one hour later, the River Fire was reported on Old River Road, six miles north of Hopland, located south of the Ranch Fire. By the evening, the River Fire had burned 4000acres and destroyed two buildings, including a home. According to a 2019 report, the Ranch Fire was started by a rancher who had inadvertently sparked dry grass while hammering a metal stake while trying to find a wasp nest.[11] [12]

The fire threatened the University of California Hopland Research and Extension Center.[13] High heat, low humidity, and rugged terrain challenged control of the fires, with gusty winds causing both to grow. Overnight, five more firefighters were reported injured. By the next morning, the two fires were organized under the "Mendocino Complex" name. The River Fire had grown to 3500acres, the Ranch Fire had burned 6000acres, and both were at two percent containment, with 386 structures being threatened. With Red Flag Warnings in effect, the first mandatory evacuations began in Hopland and with residents along Highway 175. Mendocino College was named an evacuation center.[14] By the afternoon, the community of Lakeport and additional areas of Lake County were placed under mandatory evacuation and, later that evening, Potter Valley and parts of Upper Lake were evacuated.[15] [16]

By the morning of July 29, three more structures had been destroyed, all houses. Dry and windy conditions persisted, and the lack of available firefighters due to other fires burning in the state slowed attempts at containment.[17] The communities of Witter Springs, Finley, Saratoga Springs, Nice, Bachelor Valley, Scotts Valley, and Big Valley Rancheria were evacuated.[18] [19] The fires rapidly grew overnight, with the Ranch Fire totaling 35076acres and the River Fire reaching 20911acres by the morning of July 30, with the fires at 10 percent containment.[20] [21] Later in the afternoon of July 30, evacuation orders were lifted for Hopland, the Hopland Rancheria, and the area just north of Largo, while evacuation orders were put in place for Kelseyville and Finley.[22] [23] Containment of the fire declined to five percent as the fires grew in size. One more home was destroyed and one damaged.[24]

Evacuation orders were lifted for Potter Valley in the afternoon of July 31.[25] By the evening of July 31, the fires had burned a combined total of 80408acres and were 12% contained.[26]

August

The two fires continued to burn into August, with the Ranch Fire at 59014acres and the River Fire at 31898acres on August 1. The Ranch Fire remained at 15 percent containment, while the River Fire was at 38 percent containment. Containment line improvement remained the focus of fire crews, with some crews directly fighting the fire when conditions permitted. Additional crew support arrived from the US Forest Service.[27] Throughout the day, both fires grew, with the Ranch Fire burning into the Mendocino National Forest and south of Lake Pillsbury.[28] Overnight, the fires remained most active in higher elevations. By the morning of August 2, the two fires had burned a combined total of 110168acres and were 39 percent contained.[29] Mandatory evacuations were put in place in Western Lake County, particularly for areas west of Lucerne and north of Clear Lake. On the evening of August 4, the combined acreage was 229,000 acres.[30] By the morning of August 5, the combined acreage was 271172acres, with 152 buildings destroyed.[31] On the morning of August 6, the combined acreage was 273664acres, with 169 buildings damaged or destroyed. By the night of August 6, the combined acreage of the Mendocino Complex Fire was 283800acres, thus surpassing the Thomas Fire to become the largest wildfire complex in modern California history.[32]

On August 7, 2018, officials announced that they predicted the Mendocino Complex would last through August and into early September, compared to the earlier prediction of mid-August.[33] By then, the fire complex had destroyed 143 structures, 75 of them residences.[34] By late August 7, the fire complex was 34% contained. Of the two fires, the Ranch and River Fires, the River Fire was 78% contained, while Ranch Fire was only 20% contained, with flames on the northern flank still pushing towards Snow Mountain Wilderness.[35]

By the night of August 7, the combined acreage was 283800acres, with 169 buildings damaged or destroyed. By the morning of August 8, the fire had destroyed 221 buildings, while damaging another 27. By Wednesday morning, on August 8, 2018, the Mendocino Complex Fire had burned 300086acres and was 47% contained. Cal Fire estimated that containing the entire fire complex could take until September 1, over a month after it ignited on July 27.[36] By Thursday, August 9, 2018, the total area burned had grown to 302,086 acres. By Saturday morning, on August 11, 2018, the Mendocino Complex Fire had burned 325226acres, was 67% contained, and had destroyed 258 buildings. On the morning of Sunday, August 12, the Ranch Fire grew to 282479acres and was only 62% contained, surpassing the Thomas Fire as California's single-largest modern wildfire. Meanwhile, the River Fire remained at 48920acres, with 93% containment, with the Mendocino Complex Fire having burned a total of 331399acres.[37]

During the evening of Monday, August 13, the River Fire was fully contained at 48920acres, leaving the Ranch Fire as the only active fire within the Mendocino Complex.[38] However, the larger Ranch Fire continued to expand. By the evening of August 14, the Ranch Fire had grown to 305990acres, with only 64% containment, increasing the size of the Mendocino Complex Fire to 354910acres, with a collective containment of 64%.[39] Around that time, it was reported that the Ranch Fire had killed a firefighter from Utah. On August 16, the Ranch Fire grew to 317117acres, increasing the total burn area of the Mendocino Complex Fire to 366037acres;[40] this allowed the Ranch Fire to surpass the size of the massive Rush Fire in 2012, which burned across California into Nevada, as well as the Santiago Canyon Fire of 1889, which was believed to have been California's all-time largest wildfire, estimated at 300000acres.[41] By the morning of August 18, the Ranch Fire had reached 331770acres, with 76% containment, increasing the size of the Mendocino Complex Fire to 380690acres.[42] [43]

August 19 was a day of chaos wherein LAFD firefighters were surrounded and had to scramble through the forest to safety. A firefighter was flown to a burn center and another four were treated for burns. Another firefighter was treated for a dislocated shoulder.[44]

On August 28, the Ranch Fire reached 410182acres and was at 93% containment, increasing the Mendocino Complex Fire's burn area to 459102acres. On the same day, it was reported that the Ranch Fire had stopped its forward spread.[45]

September

On September 1, InciWeb updated the Ranch Fire's size to 410203acres, with 96% containment, as the fire burned through previously unburned areas in interior regions, increasing the burn area of the Mendocino Complex Fire to 459123acres.[46] Afterward, the Ranch Fire stopped growing, with containment of the Ranch Fire increasing to 98% by September 4.[47] During the next couple of weeks, containment of the Ranch Fire remained at 98%, without any further growth in size, as the fire continued burning deep within the fire perimeter, within the northern portion of the burn area.[48] On September 19, the U.S. Forest Service reported that the Ranch Fire had been fully contained during the evening of September 18, bringing both of the fires in the Mendocino Complex to full containment.[49] However, InciWeb stated that the Ranch Fire was not out yet, as hotspots continued to smolder deep within the containment lines of the fire.

October – January

Hotspots continued to persist within the perimeter of the Ranch Fire for another few months. On November 7, 2018, InciWeb stopped issuing updates on the Mendocino Complex and declared the incident to be inactive. On January 4, 2019, Cal Fire reported that the Mendocino Complex had fully been brought under control, extinguishing the fire 160 days after it had started.

Effects

The River and Ranch Fires impacted communities along the Mendocino and Lake County borders, prompting the evacuations of Lakeport, Kelseyville, Lucerne, Upper Lake, Nice, Saratoga Springs, Witter Springs, Potter Valley, Finley, parts of Hopland, and the tribal communities of Hopland Rancheria and Big Valley Rancheria.

Evacuations

As of August 2, the following evacuations were in place:[50]

Mendocino County
Lake County

Transportation

Portions of Highway CA-20 were closed from July 29 to August 8. On August 8, at 11:00 AM PDT, Highway CA-20 was open from Highway US-101 to Highway I-5.

Animals

The NorCal Livestock Evacuation and Support organization, worked with farmers to help evacuate farm animals and domestic pets.[51] The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) and Lake County Animal Care and Control, also worked on evacuating and caring for animals displaced by the wildfires, while checking residences for pets or livestock.[52]

Growth and containment

Fire containment status
Gray: contained, Red: active
Date Acres burned Containment
Jul 275,000
Jul 2814,000
Jul 2930,500
Jul 3068,487
Jul 3180,408
Aug 194,912
Aug 2125,168[53]
Aug 3157,450[54]
Aug 4229,006[55]
Aug 5266,982[56]
Aug 6273,664[57]
Aug 7292,692[58]
Aug 8302,086[59]
Aug 9305,152[60]
Aug 10312,447[61]
Aug 11328,226[62]
Aug 12336,395[63]
Aug 13349,890[64]
Aug 14354,910[65]
Aug 15364,145[66]
Aug 16370,294[67]
Aug 17379,720[68]
Aug 18383,690[69]
Aug 19389,697[70]
Aug 20400,477[71]
Aug 21406,532[72]
Aug 22410,482[73]
Aug 23415,685[74]
Aug 24424,419[75]
Aug 25427,693[76]
Aug 26450,985[77]
Aug 27–28459,102[78] [79]
Aug 29–31459,102[80] [81]
Sept 1459,123
Sept 2–3459,123[82] [83]
Sept 4–15459,123
style="text-align: center;"---[84] style="text-align: center;"---
Sept 18459,123

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Mendocino Complex Information - InciWeb the Incident Information System. November 7, 2018. September 11, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20190629195413/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/6073/. June 29, 2019. dead.
  2. Web site: River Fire (Mendocino Complex) . CAL FIRE . October 25, 2019. September 11, 2020. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20200420114207/https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2018/7/27/river-fire-mendocino-complex/. April 20, 2020. live.
  3. Web site: Ranch Fire (Mendocino Complex) . CAL FIRE . October 25, 2019. September 11, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200828132738/https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2018/7/27/ranch-fire-mendocino-complex/. August 28, 2020. live.
  4. Web site: 2018 National Large Incident Year-to-Date Report. National Interagency Fire Center. September 19, 2018. September 20, 2018. December 29, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201229021815/https://gacc.nifc.gov/sacc/predictive/intelligence/NationalLargeIncidentYTDReport.pdf. live.
  5. Web site: Mendocino Complex wildfires cause $56 million of insured losses. Hannah Beausang. North Bay Business Journal. September 6, 2018. September 11, 2018. November 25, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181125134308/https://www.northbaybusinessjournal.com/northbay/mendocinocounty/8713952-181/mendocino-complex-wildfires-56m-insured-losses. dead.
  6. Web site: Mendocino Complex Information – September 15, 2018. United States Department of Agriculture. September 15, 2018. September 20, 2018. September 20, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180920084120/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/photos/CAMNF/2018-08-01-1630-Mendocino-Complex/related_files/pict20180815-105303-0.pdf. live.
  7. Web site: California wildfires: Eight images that reveal scale of devastation . n/a . n/a . August 9, 2018 . BBC . August 9, 2018 . August 9, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180809182903/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-45135098 . live .
  8. Web site: Rush Fire. Inciweb. September 1, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083743/http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/3151/. March 4, 2016.
  9. Web site: Ranch Fire Incident Update – 7/27/2018 Time: 3:00 p.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064212/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2175_3684.pdf . live .
  10. Web site: Ranch Fire Incident Update – 7/27/2018 Time: 7:00 p.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064134/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2175_3688.pdf . live .
  11. News: Fuller . Thomas . June 11, 2019 . He Tried to Plug a Wasp Nest. He Ended Up Sparking California's Biggest Wildfire. . . June 11, 2019 . June 11, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190611234319/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/11/us/california-ranch-wildfire-wasp-nest.html . live .
  12. News: Joseph . Serna . 2019-06-08 . He feared being stung by wasps and accidentally started California's biggest fire . . October 30, 2019 . October 30, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191030122828/https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-wasp-fire-california-20190608-story.html . live .
  13. Web site: River Fire Incident Update – 7/27/2018 Time: 7:00 p.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . July 29, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064150/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3689.pdf . live .
  14. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 7/28/2018 Time: 7:00 a.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064234/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2175_3695.pdf . live .
  15. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 7/28/2018 Time: 1:30 p.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064515/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3708.pdf . live .
  16. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 7/28/2018 Time: 9:30 p.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064423/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3720.pdf . live .
  17. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 7/29/2018 Time: 8:00 a.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064336/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3726.pdf . live .
  18. Web site: Mandatory Evacuation for the Mendocino Complex . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064345/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3744.pdf . live .
  19. Web site: Evacuation Advisory for the Mendocino Complex . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064245/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3739.pdf . live .
  20. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 7/29/2018 Time: 7:00 p.m.. CAL FIRE. State of California. July 29, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085552/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2175_3750.pdf. live.
  21. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 7/30/2018 Time: 7:00 a.m.. CAL FIRE. State of California. July 30, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085611/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/admin8327985/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3755.pdf. live.
  22. Web site: Mendocino Complex Fire Repopulation . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064456/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3762.pdf . live .
  23. Web site: Mendocino Complex Mandatory Evacuation . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064425/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3766.pdf . live .
  24. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 7/30/2018 Time: 7:00 p.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064520/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3775.pdf . live .
  25. Web site: Mendocino Complex Repopulation . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064428/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3786.pdf . live .
  26. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 7/31/2018 Time: 7:00 p.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 1, 2018 . August 1, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180801094115/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3792.pdf . live .
  27. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 8/1/2018 Time: 7:00 a.m.. CAL FIRE. State of California. August 1, 2018. August 1, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180801221032/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3804.pdf. live.
  28. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 8/1/2018 Time: 7:00 p.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 2, 2018 . August 2, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180802071545/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3815.pdf . live .
  29. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 8/2/2018 Time: 7:00 a.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 2, 2018 . August 2, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180802223556/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3828.pdf . live .
  30. Web site: Mandatory Evacuation For the Mendocino Complex . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 2, 2018 . August 2, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180802223623/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2178_3830.pdf . live .
  31. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 8/5/2018 Time: 7:00 a.m. . CAL FIRE . State of California . August 5, 2018 . August 5, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180805203745/http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/pub/cdf/images/incidentfile2175_3872.pdf . live .
  32. News: Serna . Joseph . Queally . James . Tchekmedyian . Alene . August 6, 2018 . Mendocino Complex fire now largest in California history, capping a destructive year . Los Angeles Times . August 6, 2018 . August 6, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180806170344/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-california-wildfires-danger-level-20180806-story.html . live .
  33. News: California battles its biggest ever wildfire, Trump vows support. Reuters. Editorial. August 11, 2018. Reuters. August 8, 2018. August 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180808202907/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-wildfires/largest-wildfire-in-california-history-to-burn-for-rest-of-august-idUSKBN1KR0SA. live.
  34. News: Mendocino Fire Reaches Record Size in California. August 11, 2018. The New York Times. August 7, 2018. Mervosh. Sarah. Hauser. Christine. August 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180812072907/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/07/us/mendocino-complex-fire-california.html. live.
  35. Web site: The Mendocino Complex is California's biggest fire ever, but residents know it could have been much worse. Alejandra Reyes-Velarde, Alene. Tchekmedyian. Los Angeles Times. August 11, 2018. August 8, 2018. August 11, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180811051712/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-mendocino-fire-mainbar-20180808-story.html. live.
  36. Web site: Record-breaking California fire may take until September to contain. Madison. Park. August 8, 2018. CNN. August 11, 2018. August 11, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180811080352/https://www.cnn.com/2018/08/08/us/california-fires/index.html. live.
  37. Web site: Ranch Fire now largest in California history at 282,479 acres. Trisha Thadani. Sarah Ravani. SFGate. August 12, 2018. August 18, 2018. August 17, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180817234845/https://www.sfgate.com/california-wildfires/article/Crews-fight-to-build-containment-of-wildfires-13150154.php. live.
  38. Web site: River Fire 100% contained, but over 12,500 firefighters still battling California fires. Andy Crauss. KRCR News Channel. August 14, 2018. August 18, 2018. August 4, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200804004934/https://krcrtv.com/north-coast-news/eureka-local-news/river-fire-100-contained-but-over-12500-firefighters-still-battling-california-fires. live.
  39. Web site: Firefighter who died battling Mendocino Complex fires mourned by Utah town. Martin Espinoza. Nashelly Chavez. Randi Rossman. August 15, 2018. August 16, 2018. August 15, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180815115828/https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/8634595-181/firefighter-who-died-battling-mendocino. live.
  40. Web site: California's Massive Wildfires Are Nearly 10 Times the Size of San Francisco. https://web.archive.org/web/20180817012245/http://time.com/5369694/california-wildfire-mendochino-size/. dead. August 17, 2018. Chris Wilson. David Johnson. Jennifer Calfas. Time. August 16, 2018. August 18, 2018.
  41. Web site: 400, Firefighters Battle Mendocino Complex Fire, The Largest Blaze In California History. Chane Croucher. Newsweek. August 7, 2018. August 18, 2018. August 18, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180818000240/https://www.newsweek.com/4000-firefighters-battle-mendocino-complex-fire-largest-california-history-1059690. live.
  42. Web site: Firefighters battle hot, dry conditions at Mendocino Complex. Lauren Hernandez. WRAL.com. August 18, 2018. August 18, 2018. August 3, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200803222633/https://www.wral.com/firefighters-battle-hot-dry-conditions-at-mendocino-complex/17779300/. live.
  43. Web site: Mendocino Complex fire now at 380,690 acres. Hannah Beausang. The Press Democrat. August 18, 2018. August 18, 2018. August 18, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180818233743/https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/8648325-181/mendocino-complex-fire-now-at. live.
  44. News: Report criticizes fire agencies' cooperation during Mendocino Complex blaze. Cosgrove. Jaclyn. February 9, 2019. Los Angeles Times. April 2, 2019. April 2, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190402030848/https://www.latimes.com/local/wildfires/la-me-ln-mendocino-fire-report-20190207-story.html. live.
  45. Web site: Ranch fire's forward progress stopped. Randy Rossmann. The Press Democrat. August 28, 2018. August 28, 2018. August 28, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180828202337/https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/8680111-181/ranch-fire-wind-shift-could. live.
  46. Web site: Mendocino Complex Update for September 1, 2018. InciWeb. September 1, 2018. September 2, 2018. September 2, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180902183832/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/47290/. live.
  47. Web site: Mendocino Complex Update for September 4, 2018. InciWeb. September 4, 2018. September 13, 2018. September 13, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180913152024/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/47432/. live.
  48. Web site: Mendocino Complex Update for September 15, 2018. InciWeb. September 15, 2018. September 20, 2018. September 20, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180920084341/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/47917/. live.
  49. Web site: Mendocino Complex, biggest wildfire in California history, now 100 percent contained. Michael McGough. The Sacramento Bee. September 19, 2018. September 20, 2018. September 19, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180919201858/https://www.sacbee.com/news/state/california/fires/article218655210.html. live.
  50. Web site: New Evacuations Ordered; Wildfire Raging In Mendocino National Forest . KPIX . August 2, 2018 . en . August 2, 2018 . August 3, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180803014126/https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2018/08/02/new-evacuations-ordered-wildfire-raging-in-mendocino-national-forest/ . live .
  51. News: Animals rescued from wildfires by motorcycle-riding CoverGirl. Freedman. Wayne. August 9, 2018. ABC7 San Francisco. August 10, 2018. en-US. August 10, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180810045825/https://abc7news.com/animals-rescued-from-wildfires-by-motorcycle-riding-covergirl/3918103/. live.
  52. News: ASPCA steps in to rescue piglets, llamas, cats, dogs from Mendocino Complex fire. August 7, 2018. SFGate. August 10, 2018. August 9, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180809130844/https://www.sfgate.com/california-wildfires/article/ASPCA-steps-in-to-rescue-piglets-llamas-cats-13136155.php. live.
  53. Web site: Mendocino Complex Incident Update – 8/2/2018 Time: 7:30 p.m.. CAL FIRE. State of California. August 2, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085450/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/photos/CAMNF/2018-08-01-1630-Mendocino-Complex/related_files/pict20180702-215624-0.pdf. live.
  54. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 3, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 3, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123849/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/44982/. live.
  55. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 4, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 4, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085536/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45046/. live.
  56. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 5, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 5, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123859/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45124/. live.
  57. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 6, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 6, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085517/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45134/. live.
  58. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 7, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 7, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123846/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45267/. live.
  59. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 8, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 8, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085448/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45355/. live.
  60. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 9, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 9, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085540/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45437/. live.
  61. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 4, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 10, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085547/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45542/. live.
  62. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 11, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 11, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123940/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45613/. live.
  63. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 12, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 12, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085454/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45649/. live.
  64. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 13, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 13, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123912/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45736/. live.
  65. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 14, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 14, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085456/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45841/. live.
  66. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 15, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 15, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123917/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/45945/. live.
  67. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 16, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 16, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085545/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46021/. live.
  68. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 17, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 17, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123915/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46095/. live.
  69. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 18, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 18, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085452/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46183/. live.
  70. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 19, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 19, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085543/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46271/. live.
  71. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 20, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 20, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085548/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46348/. live.
  72. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 21, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 21, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085446/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46443/. live.
  73. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 22, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 22, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123906/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46565/. live.
  74. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 23, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 23, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923125432/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46649/. live.
  75. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 24, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 24, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085503/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46738/. live.
  76. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 25, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 25, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123901/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46821/. live.
  77. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 26, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 26, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085525/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46898/. live.
  78. Web site: Mendocino Complex Evening Update for August 27, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 27, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923125430/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/46976/. live.
  79. Web site: Mendocino Complex News Release for August 28, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 28, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085540/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/47010/. live.
  80. Web site: Mendocino Complex Update for August 29, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 29, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085527/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/47074/. live.
  81. Web site: Mendocino Complex Update for August 31, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. August 31, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085538/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/47219/. live.
  82. Web site: Mendocino Complex Update for September 2, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. September 2, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123926/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/47316/. live.
  83. Web site: Mendocino Complex Update for September 3, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. September 3, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123903/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/47371/. live.
  84. Web site: Mendocino Complex Update for September 17, 2018. inciweb.nwcg.gov. September 17, 2018. September 22, 2018. September 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923085510/https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/6073/48009/. live.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Mendocino Complex Fire".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.