List of Royal Academicians explained

This is a partial list of Royal Academicians (post-nominal: RA), academicians of the Royal Academy of Arts in London. A full list is available on the web pages of the Royal Academy Collections.

Name	Elected	Notes	Ref.
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member; Keeper 1783–90
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member; first Treasurer 1768–96
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member; Professor of Architecture 1798–1805
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member; first Academy librarian 1770–1776
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member; first Keeper 1768–83
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member; first Secretary 1768–88
	1768	Foundation member; first Professor of Painting 1768–82
	1768	Foundation member; President 1768–1792
	1768	Foundation member; Secretary 1788–1810
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member; first Professor of Architecture 1768–98
	1768	Foundation member; Librarian 1792–93
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member; first Professor of Perspective 1768–1786; Librarian 1782–86
	1768	Foundation member; President 1792–1805 & 1806–20
	1768	Foundation member; Librarian 1776–1782
	1768	Foundation member; Librarian 1786–1790; Keeper 1790–1803
	1768	Foundation member
	1768	Foundation member
	1769	Nominated member
	1769	Nominated member
Edward Burch	1771	Librarian 1794–1814
	1771
	1772
	1773	Professor of Painting 1782–1799
	1777	Honorary Chaplain 1784–1788
	1779
	1778
	1781
	1781
	1783
	1784
	1785
	1785
	1785	President 1805–1806
	1787
	1787
	1788	Professor of Painting 1805–1807
	1788
	1789
	1790	Professor of Painting 1799–1805 & 1810–25; Keeper 1804–1825
	1791
	1791
	1791	Treasurer 1796–1820
	1791
	1793
	1793
	1794	President 1820–30
	1794
	1794	Librarian 1814–1834
	1795
	1797
	1798	Associate RA: 1793
	1799
	1799	Professor of Painting 1807–1809
	1800	first Professor of Sculpture 1810–26
	1800	President 1830–50
	1802	Professor of Architecture 1806–37
	1802	Professor of Perspective 1807–37
	1804	Keeper 1825–27
	1806
	1807
	1808	Secretary 1811–47; Professor of Painting 1833–1847
	1808	Professor of Painting 1825–32
	1810
	1811
	1811
	1811
	1811	Professor of Sculpture 1827–56
	1811	Treasurer 1820–50
	1812
	1813
	1814
	1815
	1815
	1816
	1817
	1818
	1819	Keeper 1827–39
	1820	Librarian 1840–42
	1820
	1821
	1822
	1822
	1823
	1824	Librarian 1834–1840; Keeper 1840–50
	1824
	1826	Professor of Painting 1847–52
	1826	Librarian 1856–64
	1826	Professor of Architecture 1837–39
	1828
	1829
	1830	Librarian 1842–44; President 1850–65
	1831
	1835
	1835
	1836	Professor of Architecture 1839–59
	1836
	1838
	1838
	1838	Librarian 1844–55
	1840
	1840	Professor of Painting 1854–63; Librarian 1864–81
	1840
	1841
	1841	Treasurer 1850–61
	1841
	1842
	1843
	1844	Secretary 1847–1873; Professor of Perspective 1852–1860
	1845	Keeper 1851–73
	1846
	1848	Professor of Painting 1866–75
	1848
	1849	Professor of Sculpture 1857–68
	1851
	1851	President 1866–78
	1851
	1853
	1855
	1857	Keeper 1873–1887
	1858
	1859	Treasurer 1861–1874; Professor of Architecture 1860–1865
	1860
	1860	Professor of Architecture 1866–1873
	1863
	1863
	1863	President 1896
	1863	Professor of Sculpture 1868–76
	1864	Treasurer 1882–1897
	1866
	1866
	1867	Keeper 1887–98
	1867
	1867
	1868	President 1878–96
	1869	Professor of Architecture 1873–80; Treasurer 1874–80
	1869
	1870
	1871
	1871
	1871	Professor of Architecture 1880–81; Treasurer 1880–81
	1871
	1872	Professor of Painting 1875–82
	1874	Professor of Sculpture 1877–78
	1876
	1876	President 1896–1918
	1877
	1877	Treasurer 1882
	1878
	1878	Librarian 1896–1911
	1879
	1879	Librarian 1882–95; Professor of Painting 1882–95
	1880
	1880
	1880
	1881
	1881
	1881
	1882
	1881
	1883
	1885	Treasurer 1897–1901
	1887
	1887
	1888
	1890	Professor of Painting 1899–1900 & 1906–1909
	1891
	1891	President 1924–1928
	1891	Keeper 1911–1920; Librarian 1911–1920
	1892	Professor of Sculpture 1900–1904
	1894	Professor of Painting 1900–1903
	1895
	1895	Professor of Painting 1895–1899 & 1909–1911
	1895
	1896	Keeper 1898–1911
	1896	Treasurer 1901–1912
	1897
	1897
	1898
	1898	Professor of Architecture 1887–1905
	1898
	1902
	1902
	1903	Treasurer 1912–1919; President 1919–24
	1903
	1905
	1908	Professor of Painting 1903–1906
	1907
	1909
	1909
	1909
	1910
	1910
	1911
	1912
	1914	Professor of Architecture 1907–11
	1913
	1914	Professor of Perspective 1914–19
	1914
	1915
	1915	Keeper 1920–26
	1917
	1917	Professor of Sculpture 1907–1911
	1919
	1919
	1919
	1919
	1920
	1920	President 1928–1938
	1920
	1920	President 1938–1944
	1922
	1922
	1924
	1925	Keeper 1945–1949
	1925
	1925	President 1944–1949
	1926	Keeper 1927–42
	1928
	1928
	1930	Keeper 1943–1945; President 1949–1954
	1930	Treasurer 1932–40
	1932
	1932
	1932
	1933	Associate RA: 1922
	1933
	1933
	1933	Treasurer 1919–32
	1934
	1934
	1934
	1935
	1935
	1936
	1936	Keeper 1949–1964
	1937
	1937	Treasurer 1940–42
	1938
	1938	President 1966–76
	1940	President 1956–66
	1942
	1942
	1942	Treasurer 1942–54
	1942
	1943
	1943
	1944	Professor of Architecture 1946–61; President 1954–56
	1944
	1947	Treasurer 1954–58
	1948	Honorary Academician Extraordinary
	1949
	1949
	1950
	1951
	1951
	1952
	1953
	1953	Treasurer 1958–1962
	1953
	1955
	1955
	1958
	1960	Keeper 1964–1985
	1960	Professor of Architecture 1961–1967; Treasurer 1962–1964
	1961	Treasurer 1964
	1961
	1962
	1962
	1962	Treasurer 1965
	1963
	1963	Treasurer 1965–70
	1964
	1965	Uncle of Peter Freeth
	1965
	1966
	1966
	1968
	1968
	1968
	1968	Treasurer 1970–1975
	1969	Treasurer 1976–1984; President 1984–1993
	1969
	1969
	1969
	1970	Treasurer 1975–1976; President 1976–1984
	1970
	1970
	1971
	1971
	1972	Keeper 1986–1995; Professor of Painting 1986 & 1995–1999
	1972
	1972
	1972	Professor of Architecture 1967–1975
	1972
	1972
	1973
	1973	Keeper 1985–1986
	1974
	1974	Professor of Sculpture 1985–1989
	1974
	1975
	1975	Professor of Architecture 1975–88
	1975
	1976
	1976
	1977
	1977
	1977	Treasurer 1985–1995
	1978
	1979
	1979
	1979
	1981	Eranda Professor of Drawing 2002–2004
	1981
	1982
	1984
	1983	Professor of Architecture 1988–1995
	1983
	1984
	1985	President 1993–1999
	1985
	1985
	1986
	1986
	1986	Treasurer 1995–1999
	1986
	1988
	1988
	1988
	1988	Professor of Sculpture 1989–1999; President 1999–2004
	1989
	1989	Honorary Curator 1985–1991
	1989
	1989
	1989
	1990
	1991	Professor of Sculpture 2007–2010
	1991	Professor of Printmaking
	1991
	1991
	1991
	1991
Kenneth Draper	1991
Peter Freeth	26 June 1991	Elected ARA: 30 May 1990 Nephew of Andrew Freeth	^[1]
	1991
	1991	Treasurer 2000–2014
	1991
	1991	Professor of Perspective 2004–2012
	1991	Professor of Painting 1999–2010
Bill Jacklin	1991
	1991
	1991
	1991
	1991
	1991	Keeper 1995–98
	1991
	1991
	1991
	1991
	1991
	1992
	1992
	1992
	1992
	1992	Keeper 1998–2004
	1993
	1994
	1994
	1994
	1994	President 2004–11
	1995	Treasurer 2014–2018
	1995
	1996
	1996	Eranda Professor of Drawing 2000 – 2002; President 2011–2019
	1996
	1996
	1997
	1998
	1998
	1998	Professor of Sculpture 2000–2007
	1998	Professor of Architecture 2004–2012
	1999
	1999	Eranda Professor of Drawing 2018–Present
	1999	Keeper 2004–2011
	1999
	2000
	2000
	2001
	2001	First female Keeper, 2011 – 2017
	2001	Professor of Architecture 2013–2017
	2001	Eranda Professor of Drawing 2004–2006
	2001
	2002	Professor of Painting 2011–2015
	2002	Professor of Painting 2011–2015
	2003
	2003
	2003
	2003
	2004
	2004	Professor of Perspective 2012–2020
	2005
	2005
	2005
	2005
	2006
	2006
	2006
	2006	Eranda Professor of Drawing 2016–18
	2006	Treasurer 2018–Present
	2006	Professor of Sculpture 2011–15
	2007
	2007	Eranda Professor of Drawing 2011–13
	2007
John Carter	2007
	2007
	2007
	2008
	2008
	2008	Eranda Professor of Drawing 2014–16
	2009
	2009
	2009
	2009
	2010
	2010	Professor of Painting 2019–2020
	2010
	2011
	2011
	2011
	2011
	2012
	2012
	2012
	2013
	2013	Professor of Painting 2018–2019
	2013	Professor of Sculpture 2019–Present
	2013
	2013
	2013
	2013
	2013
	2013
	2013
	2014
	2014	Professor of Sculpture 2015–2019; Keeper 2020-Present
	2014
	2014
	2014
	2014	Keeper 2017–2019; President 2019–Present
	2015
	2015	Professor of Architecture 2017–Present
	2015
	2015
	2015	Honorary Surveyor
	2016
	2016
	2017
	2017	Professor of Perspective 2020–Present
	2017
	2017	Left the RA in 2020^[2]
	2018
	2018	Professor of Painting 2020–Present
	2018
	2019
	2019
Rana Begum	2019
	2021
	2021
	2021
	2021
	2022
	2022
	2022
	2022
	2022
	2022
	2022
	2022
	2022
	28 March 2023		^[3]
Stephanie Macdonald and Tom Emerson (6a architects)	28 March 2023		^[4]
	31 May 2023		^[5]
	31 May 2023		^[6]
	14 December 2023		^[7]
	14 December 2023		^[8]
	19 March 2024		^[9]
	19 March 2024		^[10]
	6 June 2024		^[11]
	6 June 2024		^[12]

Honorary Royal Academicians

This is a partial list of Honorary Royal Academicians (Post-nominal: HonRA), academicians of the Royal Academy of Arts in London. A full list is available on the web pages of the Royal Academy Collections.

!Name!ElectedHonRA!Preferred Media!Notes!Ref.

Louis Gallait	15 December 1869	Painting		^[13]
Jean-Léon Gérôme	15 December 1869	Painting, Sculpture, and Printmaking		^[14]
Jean-Baptiste Claude Eugène Guillaume	15 December 1869	Sculpture		^[15]
Louis Pierre Henriquel-Dupont	15 December 1869	Painting and Printmaking		^[16]
Ernest Meissonier	15 December 1869	Painting, Sculpture, and Printmaking		^[17]
Eugène Viollet-le-Duc	15 December 1869	Architecture		^[18]
Ludwig Knaus	29 December 1882	Painting		^[19]
Adolph Menzel	12 February 1896	Painting, Printmaking, and Illustration		^[20]
Jules Breton	31 January 1899	Painting		^[21]
Léon Bonnat	27 January 1904	Painting		^[22]
Emmanuel Frémiet	27 January 1904	Sculpture		^[23]
Jozef Israëls	9 January 1906	Painting and Printmaking		^[24]
Augustus Saint-Gaudens	9 January 1906	Sculpture		^[25]
Antonin Mercié	23 January 1908	Sculpture and Painting		^[26]
Jean-Paul Laurens	27 January 1909	Painting		^[27]
Albert Bartholomé	1 March 1921	Sculpture and Painting		^[28]
Paul-Albert Besnard	1 March 1921	Painting		^[29]
Ragnar Östberg	10 June 1930	Architecture		^[30]
Cass Gilbert	5 December 1930	Architecture		^[31]
Lucien Simon	5 December 1930	Painting		^[32]
Pierre Bonnard	26 April 1940	Painting, Printmaking, and Lithography		^[33]
Carl Milles	26 April 1940	Sculpture		^[34]
André Dunoyer de Segonzac	24 April 1947	Painting, Book illustration, and Printmaking		^[35]
Ivar Tengbom	24 April 1947	Architecture		^[36]
Walter Gropius	20 April 1967	Architecture		^[37]
Oskar Kokoschka	24 April 1970	Painting		^[38]
Giacomo Manzù	24 April 1970	Sculpture and Painting
Marc Chagall	9 May 1979	Painting
Joan Miró	22 May 1980	Painting and Sculpture
Josep Lluís Sert	22 May 1980	Architecture		^[39]
Balthus	17 December 1981	Painting
Stanley William Hayter	17 December 1981	Printmaking, Etching, Line engraving, and Painting
Eduardo Chillida	18 May 1983	Sculpture
Willem de Kooning	18 May 1983	Painting
Jean Dubuffet	17 January 1985	Painting
Ralph Erskine (architect)	17 January 1985	Architecture and Town-planning
Rufino Tamayo	20 May 1985	Painting		^[40]
Jørn Utzon	20 May 1985	Architecture
Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas	11 December 1986	Painting, Sculpture, Printmaking, Theatre design, and Book illustration		^[41]
Maria Helena Vieira da Silva	4 May 1988	Painting
Jasper Johns	7 December 1989	Painting and Printmaking
Richard Diebenkorn	27 May 1992	Painting
Antoni Tàpies	27 May 1992	Painting
I. M. Pei	10 December 1993	Architecture
Frank Stella	10 December 1993	Painting
Roy Lichtenstein	23 May 1994	Painting
Arata Isozaki	23 May 1994	Architecture
Richard Serra	22 May 1995	Sculpture
Anselm Kiefer	29 May 1996	Painting, Sculpture, Installation art, and Artists' books
Andrew Wyeth	29 May 1996	Painting
Roberto Matta	19 May 1997			^[42]
Frank Gehry	21 May 1998	Architecture
Cy Twombly	21 May 1998	Painting
Mimmo Paladino	26 May 1999	Sculpture, Painting, and Printmaking
Georg Baselitz	26 May 1999	Painting and Sculpture
Robert Rauschenberg	18 May 2000	Painting, Sculpture, and Printmaking
Ellsworth Kelly	24 May 2001
Bruce Nauman	24 May 2001	Sculpture, Photography, Video art, Drawing, Printmaking, and Performance
Tadao Ando	29 May 2002	Architecture
James Turrell	29 May 2002	Sculpture and Installation art
Daniel Libeskind	23 May 2003	Architecture
Edward Ruscha	26 May 2004	Painting, Printmaking, Photography, Drawing, Film making, and Artists' books
Renzo Piano	31 May 2007	Architecture
Rebecca Horn	10 March 2009	Sculpture, Installation art, Performance, and Film making
Julian Schnabel	8 December 2009	Painting and Film making
Jeff Koons	16 March 2010	Painting and Sculpture
Cindy Sherman	16 March 2010	Photography
Ai Weiwei	26 May 2011	Sculpture, Installation art, Architecture, and Film making
Per Kirkeby	28 May 2011	Painting and Sculpture
Marina Abramović	27 September 2011	Performance
Helen Frankenthaler	27 September 2011
Rosemarie Trockel	13 March 2013	Sculpture and Painting
Marlene Dumas	13 March 2013	Painting and Drawing
Peter Zumthor	12 March 2014	Architecture
El Anatsui	12 March 2014	Sculpture
William Kentridge	10 December 2014	Sculpture, Film making, Graphic design, Engraving, and Animation
Jim Dine	10 December 2014	Painting, Watercolour, Assemblage, Happenings, Lithography, Photography, Sculpture, and Performance art
Olafur Eliasson	9 March 2016	Sculpture and Installation art
Jenny Holzer	9 March 2016	Printmaking and Sculpture
Bill Viola	1 June 2017	Installation art, Video art, and Film making
Kiki Smith	1 June 2017	Sculpture, Printmaking, and Artists' books
Wim Wenders	19 March 2018	Film making and Photography
Laurie Anderson	19 March 2018	Performance and Film making
Carmen Herrera	30 May 2019	Painting
Kara Walker	30 May 2019	Painting, Printmaking, Illustration, Film making, and Silhouettist
Pipilotti Rist	9 September 2021	Video art and Installation art
Ellen Gallagher	9 September 2021	Painting, Video art, and Film making
	13 December 2022			^[43]
	14 December 2023			^[44]
	14 December 2023			^[45]

Notes and References

1. Web site: Peter Freeth Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230605215747/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/peter-freeth-ra . 5 June 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
2. Web site: Gilbert and George quit Royal Academy over dashed hopes for major exhibition . 2020-07-13 . The Guardian. London. 12 July 2020 .
3. Web site: Hurvin Anderson Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230519123932/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/hurvin-anderson-ra . 19 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
4. Web site: Tom Emerson and Stephanie Macdonald Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230519123735/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/tom-emerson-and-stephanie-macdonald-ra . 19 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
5. Web site: Nigel Coates Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230717205102/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/nigel-coates-ra . 17 July 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
6. Web site: Elsie Owusu Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230717205528/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/elsie-owusu-ra . 17 July 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
7. Web site: Oona Grimes Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20240207125838/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/oona-grimes-ra . 7 February 2024 . Royal Academy of Arts.
8. Web site: Goshka Macuga Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20240207125212/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/goshka-macuga-ra . 7 February 2024 . Royal Academy of Arts.
9. Web site: Claudette Johnson Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20240517120940/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/claudette-johnson-ra . 17 May 2024 . 17 May 2024 . Royal Academy of Arts.
10. Web site: Helen Sear Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20240517120724/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/helen-sear-ra . 17 May 2024 . 17 May 2024 . Royal Academy of Arts.
11. Web site: Sikelela Owen Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20240716122723/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/sikelela-owen-ra . 16 July 2024 . 16 July 2024 . Royal Academy of Arts.
12. Web site: Caragh Thuring Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20240716122511/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/caragh-thuring-ra . 16 July 2024 . 16 July 2024 . Royal Academy of Arts.
13. Web site: Louis Gallait Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504124415/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/louis-gallait-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
14. Web site: Jean Léon Gérôme Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504124903/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/jean-leon-gerome-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
15. Web site: Claude Guillaume Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504130909/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/claude-guillaume-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
16. Web site: Louis Pierre Henriquel-Dupont Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504130105/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/louis-pierre-henriquel-dupont-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
17. Web site: Ernest Meissonier Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504131434/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/ernest-meissonier-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
18. Web site: Eugène Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504125248/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/eugene-emmanuel-viollet-le-duc-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
19. Web site: Ludwig Knaus Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511115032/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/ludwig-knaus-hon-ra . 11 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
20. Web site: Adolph Menzel Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509153334/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/adolph-menzel-hon-ra . 9 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
21. Web site: Jules Breton Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509155511/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/jules-breton-hon-ra . 9 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
22. Web site: Léon Bonnat Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509155108/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/leon-bonnat-hon-ra . 9 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
23. Web site: Emmanuel Frémiet Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511120520/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/emmanuel-fremiet-hon-ra . 11 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
24. Web site: Jozef Israels Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511115449/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/jozef-israels-hon-ra . 11 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
25. Web site: Augustus Saint-Gaudens Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511113257/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/augustus-saint-gaudens-hon-ra . 11 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
26. Web site: Antonin Mercié Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509160034/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/antonin-mercie-hon-ra . 9 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
27. Web site: Jean Paul Laurens Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509153907/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/jean-paul-laurens-hon-ra . 9 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
28. Web site: Albert Bartholomé Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509154327/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/albert-bartholome-hon-ra . 9 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
29. Web site: Albert Besnard Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509154718/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/albert-besnard-hon-ra . 9 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
30. Web site: Ragnar Östberg Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511112204/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/ragnar-ostberg-hon-ra . 11 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
31. Web site: Cass Gilbert Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511112519/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/cass-gilbert-hon-ra . 11 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
32. Web site: Lucien Simon Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511114618/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/lucien-simon-hon-ra . 11 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
33. Web site: Pierre Bonnard Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511112918/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/pierre-bonnard-hon-ra . 11 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
34. Web site: Carl Milles Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504122836/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/carl-milles-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
35. Web site: André Dunoyer de Segonzac Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511113531/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/andre-dunoyer-de-segonzac-hon-ra . 11 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
36. Web site: Ivar Tengbom Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504123313/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/ivar-tengbom-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
37. Web site: Walter Gropius Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511115955/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/walter-gropius-hon-ra . 11 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
38. Web site: Oskar Kokoschka Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504131959/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/oskar-kokoschka-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
39. Web site: Josep Lluís Sert Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511114145/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/josep-lluis-sert-hon-ra . 11 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
40. Web site: Rufino Tamayo Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504133521/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/rufino-tamayo-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
41. Web site: Ghika Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504135049/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/ghika-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
42. Web site: Matta Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504140846/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/matta-hon-ra . 4 May 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
43. Web site: Kerry James Marshall Artist Royal Academy of Arts . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230222120214/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/kerry-james-marshall-hon-ra . 22 February 2023 . 22 February 2023 . Royal Academy of Arts.
44. Web site: Joan Jonas Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20240517114242/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/joan-jonas-hon-ra . 17 May 2024 . 17 May 2024 . Royal Academy of Arts.
45. Web site: Toyo Ito Artist Royal Academy of Arts . https://web.archive.org/web/20240517114543/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/toyo-ito-hon-ra . 17 May 2024 . 17 May 2024 . Royal Academy of Arts.