Mekteb-i Aşiret-i Humayun explained

Mekteb-i Aşiret-i Hümayun (Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928);: مَكْتَبِ عشیرت همايون);Arabic: عشيرت مكتبي, Imperial Tribal School)[1] [2] [3] [4] or Aşiret Mektebi (Arabic: عشيرة مكتبي)[5] [6] [7] [8] was an Istanbul school founded in 1892 by Abdulhamid II to promote the integration of tribes into the Ottoman Empire through education.[9] [10] [11] [12] Abdulhamid's main assistant in this endeavor was Abdullah bin Abdullah Al Saud, known as Abdullah Pasha Al Saud.[13]

The curriculum was heavily biased towards the teaching of religion,[14] and it also had a strong emphasis on students learning the Ottoman Turkish language.[9]

After graduation, students were expected to continue education at Mekteb-i Sultani (Imperial High School) and then at Mekteb-i Mülkiye (School of Civil Administration), in order to be able to serve the empire in their native region.[9]

Initially only the sons of the Arab sheikhs and notables were permitted to enroll, however after petitioning by Albanian notables, in 1902 an imperial decree resulted in the enrollment of twenty students from the Albanian cities of Debar, Elbasan, and Yanya.Later Kurds were permitted to enroll also.[9]

The school was closed in 1907.[9]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: الى ذكرى رائدي الصحافة والطباعة في كوردستان . 2016-03-03 . 2008-11-20 . https://web.archive.org/web/20081120104256/http://www.kurdistanabinxete.com/Gotar/2008gotar/Jiyan_Alhuseri/230508jibopeshyen_rojnemevanenkurd.htm . dead. kurdistanabinxete.com. ar.
  2. Web site: العراق... أية تربية وأي تعليم!. 2016-03-03 . 2016-03-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160308063702/http://www.alittihad.ae/wajhatdetails.php?id=45842 . dead . alittihad.ae.
  3. Web site: Turki Usmani di Mata Jawa. April 21, 2016. July 11, 2021. July 11, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210711000057/http://jejakislam.net/turki-usmani-di-mata-jawa/. live. jejakislam.net. id.
  4. Web site: Hubungan Aceh dan Turki Usmani . 2016-05-29 . 2016-08-04 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160804142002/http://www.suaradarussalam.com/2016/04/hubungan-aceh-dan-turki-usmani.html . live. suaradarussalam.com. id.
  5. Book: نافع، بشير م. العراق: سياقات الوحدة والانقسام. 2006. دار الشروق،. 9789770915417. 2016-03-03. 2022-02-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20220220234944/https://books.google.com/books?id=b28tAQAAIAAJ&q=%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9+%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D9%8A. live.
  6. Book: Max Oppenheim (Freiherr von). جلاصي، عبد الكريم. من البحر المتوسط الى الخليج. 2002. ديوان رئيس الدولة، مركز الوثائق والبحوث،. 9789948050032. 2016-03-03. 2022-02-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20220220235018/https://books.google.com/books?id=lHlFAQAAIAAJ&q=%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9+%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D9%8A. live.
  7. Web site: الثورة السورية الوطنية . 2016-03-03 . 2018-07-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180705003710/http://www.aljazeera.net/home/print/92804797-74a7-4675-b919-6682990f8cbe/39a8f836-3911-4b2a-aec5-50696f113f82 . dead . aljazeera.net.
  8. AOraifi. أحمد العريفي‏. 685023857846161408. 7 January 2016. طالبان عربيان في مدرسة العشائر «عشيرة مكتبي» . إسطنبول 1892 م . أرشيف مكتبة الكونجرس ..
  9. Book: The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913 . George Walter Gawrych . 95 . I.B.Tauris . 2006 . 1845112873.
  10. Book: Jørgen S. Nielsen. Religion, Ethnicity and Contested Nationhood in the Former Ottoman Space. 2011. BRILL. 978-90-04-21657-0. 124–. 1 December 2020. 20 February 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220220235027/https://books.google.com/books?id=xeUxAQAAQBAJ&q=istanbul+tribal+school&pg=PA124. live.
  11. Book: Eugene L. Rogan. Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire: Transjordan, 1850–1921. 2002. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-89223-0. 14. 1 December 2020. 20 February 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220220234945/https://books.google.com/books?id=AMAbXGQDmDYC&q=istanbul+tribal+school&pg=PA14. live.
  12. Book: Gökhan Çetinsaya. The Ottoman Administration of Iraq, 1890–1908. 2006. Routledge. 978-1-134-29495-4. 18. 1 December 2020. 20 February 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220220234958/https://books.google.com/books?id=-Rd7FKKcV0EC&q=istanbul+tribal+school&pg=PA18. live.
  13. Eugene L. Rogan. Aşiret Mektebi: Abdülhamid II's School for Tribes (1892–1907). International Journal of Middle East Studies. 28. 1. 1996. 10.1017/s0020743800062796. 85. 176116.
  14. Book: Boundaries and Belonging: States and Societies in the Struggle to Shape Identities and Local Practices . Joel S. Migdal . Cambridge University Press . 2004 . 0521835666 . 46 .

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