| Mehweb | |
| Familycolor: | caucasian |
| Fam1: | Northeast Caucasian |
| Fam2: | Dargin |
| Fam3: | North-Central Dargin |
| Pronunciation: | pronounced as /[meħʷela mez]/ |
| States: | Russia |
| Region: | Megeb, Dagestan |
| Nativename: | Dargwa: мехӀвела мез |
| Glotto: | mege1234 |
| Also Known As: | Megeb |
| Isoexception: | dialect |
| Ethnicity: | Dargins |
| Map: | Dargwa_map_%28Koryakov%29_2021.png |
| Speakers: | 800-900 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| Script: | unwritten |
| Speakers2: | 1,300 (2021)[1] |
The Mehweb language (Mehweb: Dargwa: мехӀвела мез, [2]) is a Dargin language, frequently considered a dialect of a unified Dargwa language, spoken in the village of Megeb in Dagestan, as well as by former residents of the village who have moved to larger cities, by about 800 to 900 people.
Mehweb is isolated from all other varieties of Dargwa and is surrounded by regions of Avar- and Lak-language speakers. All native speakers of Mehweb originate from Megeb, including those who have migrated to larger cities. Some Mehweb is spoken in the nearby Avar village of Obokh. There is no language shift occurring in the village, but multilingualism in Russian has increased over the years.[3] The official language in the region is Avar, which Mehweb speakers are taught in school, and as a result, many speakers are bi- or trilingual.[4]
While Mehweb is a typical representative of the northern branch of Dargin, its isolation, estimated to span from 300 to 1000 years, combined with the development of a distinct identity and influence from Avar and Lak, has led many to consider it as a separate language.[5]
Mehweb has 41 consonants. Gemination does not occur.
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Epiglottal | Glottal | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | lab. | plain | lab. | plain | lab. | plain | lab. | plain | lab. | |||||||
| Plosive | voiced | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | |||||||||||
| voiceless | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | (pronounced as /ink/)1 | (pronounced as /ink/)1 | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | ||||||
| ejective | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | ||||||||||
| Fricative | voiced | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | (pronounced as /link/)2 | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | (pronounced as /ink/)3 | |||||||||
| voiceless | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | (pronounced as /ink/)1 | (pronounced as /ink/)1 | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||||
| Affricate | voiced | (pronounced as /ink/)4 | (pronounced as /ink/)4 | |||||||||||||
| voiceless | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | ||||||||||||||
| ejective | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | ||||||||||||||
| Sonorant | pronounced as /ink/ pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ pronounced as /ink/ pronounced as /ink/5 | pronounced as /ink/ | |||||||||||||
Pharyngealization is considered to be suprasegmental, as it is not associated with any specific consonant or vowel. It results in epiglottalization of the glottal phonemes and centralization of vowels.
| Front | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | phar. | plain | phar. | ||
| Close | pronounced as /ink/ | (pronounced as /ink/) | pronounced as /ink/ | (pronounced as /ink/) | |
| Mid | pronounced as /ink/ | (pronounced as /ink/) | pronounced as /ink/ | ||
| Open | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | |||
Mehweb is an unwritten language, and speakers use Avar or Russian for writing. There is no evidence that Mehweb was written using Arabic or Cyrillic in the past.