| Type: | Bishop |
| Maximilian Friedrich von Königsegg-Rothenfels | |
| Archbishop of Cologne | |
| Church: | Roman Catholic Church |
| Archdiocese: | Cologne |
| See: | Cologne |
| Appointed: | 1761 |
| Term End: | 1784 |
| Predecessor: | Clemens August of Bavaria |
| Successor: | Maximilian Francis of Austria |
| Ordination: | 28 March 1756 |
| Consecration: | 16 August 1761 |
| Birth Date: | 13 May 1708 |
| Birth Place: | Cologne, Holy Roman Empire |
| Death Date: | 15 April 1784 (aged 75) |
Maximilian Friedrich von Königsegg-Rothenfels (13 May 1708 – 15 April 1784) was the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne and the Bishop of Münster from 1761 to 1784.
He was born in Cologne, son of Count Albert-Eusebius-Franz von Königsegg-Rothenfels and his wife Countess Maria von Manderscheid-Blankenheim. He was the first Elector of Cologne to come from outside the Bavarian Wittelsbach dynasty since 1583.
He was the first employer and patron of the young Ludwig van Beethoven, who at age twelve composed Three Early Piano Sonatas, WoO 47 in his honor. These works, known as the "Kurfürstensonaten" ("Prince-Elector sonatas") in German, were not assigned an opus number by Beethoven and are not included in the "canonical" count of 32 piano sonatas, which begins with Op. 2 No. 1 in F minor and ends with Op. 111 in C minor.