Matthias Röder (born 4 February 1972 is a German sprint canoeist who competed in the 1990s. He won three medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (C-2 1000 m: 1997) and two bronzes (C-1 1000 m: 1991, 1993).
Röder also finished fourth in the C-1 1000 m event at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.