| Honorific-Prefix: | The Most Excellent |
| Práxedes Mateo Sagasta | |
| Office: | Prime Minister of Spain |
| Term Start: | 7 March 1901 |
| Term End: | 10 December 1902 |
| Predecessor: | Marcelo Azcárraga |
| Successor: | Francisco Silvela |
| Signature: | Firma de Práxedes Mateo Sagasta.svg |
| Monarch1: | Alfonso XIII |
| Term Start1: | 5 October 1897 |
| Term End1: | 7 March 1899 |
| Predecessor1: | Marcelo Azcárraga |
| Successor1: | Francisco Silvela |
| Monarch2: | Alfonso XIII |
| Term Start2: | 13 December 1892 |
| Term End2: | 24 March 1895 |
| Predecessor2: | Antonio Cánovas del Castillo |
| Successor2: | Antonio Cánovas del Castillo |
| Monarch3: | Vacant Alfonso XIII (born 17 May 1886) |
| Term Start3: | 28 November 1885 |
| Term End3: | 8 July 1890 |
| Predecessor3: | Antonio Cánovas del Castillo |
| Successor3: | Antonio Cánovas del Castillo |
| Monarch4: | Alfonso XII |
| Term Start4: | 10 February 1881 |
| Term End4: | 14 October 1883 |
| Predecessor4: | Antonio Cánovas del Castillo |
| Successor4: | José Posada Herrera |
| President5: | Francisco Serrano |
| Term Start5: | 29 June 1874 |
| Term End5: | 31 December 1874 |
| Predecessor5: | Juan de Zavala |
| Successor5: | Antonio Cánovas del Castillo |
| Monarch6: | Amadeo I |
| Term Start6: | 21 December 1871 |
| Term End6: | 26 May 1872 |
| Predecessor6: | José Malcampo |
| Successor6: | Francisco Serrano |
| Nationality: | Spanish |
| Birth Date: | 21 July 1825 |
| Birth Place: | Torrecilla en Cameros, Logroño, Spain |
| Death Date: | (aged 77) |
| Death Place: | Madrid, Spain |
| Resting Place: | Pantheon of Illustrious Men |
| Party: | Liberal Party |
Práxedes Mariano Mateo Sagasta y Escolar (21 July 1825 – 5 January 1903) was a Spanish civil engineer and politician who served as Prime Minister on eight occasions between 1870 and 1902—always in charge of the Liberal Party—as part of the turno pacifico, alternating with the Conservative leader Antonio Cánovas. He was known as an excellent orator.
Mateo Sagasta was born on 21 July 1825 at Torrecilla en Cameros, province of Logroño, Spain. As a member of the Progressive Party while a student at the Civil Engineering School of Madrid in 1848, Sagasta was the only one in the school who refused to sign a letter supporting Queen Isabel II.
After his studies, he took an active role in government. Sagasta served in the Spanish Cortes between 1854–1857 and 1858–1863. In 1866 he went into exile in France after a failed coup. After the Spanish Revolution of 1868, he returned to Spain to take part in the newly created provisional government.
He served as Prime Minister of Spain during the Spanish–American War of 1898 when Spain lost its remaining colonies. Mateo Sagasta agreed to an autonomous constitution for both Cuba and Puerto Rico. Mateo Sagasta's political opponents saw his action as a betrayal of Spain and blamed him for the country's defeat in the war and the loss of its island territories in the Treaty of Paris of 1898. He continued to be active in politics for another four years.
Mateo Sagasta's ministry lost a vote in the Cortes on 2 December 1902, he handed in his resignation to the King on the following day, and formally resigned on 10 December 1902.[1]
Mateo Sagasta died just a month after his last resignation, on 5 January 1903 in Madrid at the age of 77.[2]
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