John Golden Theatre Explained

John Golden Theatre
Image Alt:Facade of the John Golden Theatre in 2022
Address:252 West 45th Street
City:Manhattan, New York City
Country:United States
Coordinates:40.7588°N -73.9879°W
Architect:Herbert J. Krapp
Owner:The Shubert Organization
Capacity:802
Type:Broadway
Yearsactive:1927–1946, 1948–present
Othernames:Theatre Masque
Production:Stereophonic
Publictransit:Subway
Embedded:
Embed:yes
Designation1:NYCL
Designation1 Date:November 17, 1987
Designation1 Number:1335
Designation1 Free1name:Designated entity
Designation1 Free1value:Facade
Designation2:NYCL
Designation2 Date:November 17, 1987
Designation2 Number:1336
Designation2 Free1name:Designated entity
Designation2 Free1value:Auditorium interior

The John Golden Theatre, formerly the Theatre Masque and Masque Theater, is a Broadway theater at 252 West 45th Street (George Abbott Way) in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City. Opened in 1927, the Golden Theatre was designed by Herbert J. Krapp in a Spanish style and was built for real-estate developer Irwin S. Chanin. It has 800 seats across two levels and is operated by the Shubert Organization. Both the facade and the auditorium interior are New York City landmarks.

The facade is designed in a Spanish style with golden brick, terracotta, and stone. The ground floor, which contains the theater's entrance, is clad in rusticated blocks of terracotta above a granite water table. Above are a set of three double-height arches, as well as two terracotta plaques. The facade is topped by a loggia. The auditorium contains Spanish-style detailing, a large balcony, and a rib-arched ceiling. Due to the theater's small size, it lacks box seats. The balcony, proscenium arch, and exit arches are ornately decorated, with geometric panels and twisting colonettes.

The Golden, Majestic, and Bernard B. Jacobs theaters, along with the Lincoln Hotel, were all developed by Chanin and designed by Krapp as part of a theater/hotel complex. The Masque opened on February 24, 1927, and was the second of the three theaters to open. The Shubert family took over the Masque in 1930 but subsequently went into receivership, and producer John Golden leased the theater in 1936. Golden renamed the theater after himself in 1937, and the Shuberts regained full control in 1945. The Golden has mostly remained in legitimate use since then, except from 1946 to 1948, when it was used as a cinema. Over the years, the Golden has largely been used for productions with small casts, as well as revues.

Site

The John Golden Theatre is on 252 West 45th Street, on the south sidewalk between Eighth Avenue and Seventh Avenue, near Times Square in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City.[1] [2] The rectangular land lot covers 6400ft2, with a frontage of on 44th Street and a depth of 109.67feet. The Golden Theatre shares the city block with the Row NYC Hotel to the west. It adjoins six other theaters: the Bernard B. Jacobs, Gerald Schoenfeld, and Booth to the east; the Broadhurst and Shubert to the southeast; and the Majestic to the south. Other nearby structures include the Music Box Theatre and Imperial Theatre to the north; the New York Marriott Marquis to the northeast; One Astor Plaza to the east; and Sardi's restaurant, the Hayes Theater, and the St. James Theatre one block south.

The Golden is part of the largest concentration of Broadway theaters on a single block. The adjoining block of 45th Street is also known as George Abbott Way,[3] and foot traffic on the street increases box-office totals for the theaters there. The Majestic, Masque (Golden), and Royale (Bernard B. Jacobs) theaters and the Lincoln Hotel (Row NYC Hotel) had all been developed concurrently. The site of all four buildings had previously occupied by twenty brownstone residences.[4] The site was part of the Astor family estate from 1803[5] to 1922, when it was sold to Henry Claman.[6] The plots collectively measured wide along Eighth Avenue, along 44th Street, and along 45th Street.[7]

Design

The John Golden Theatre, originally the Theatre Masque, was designed by Herbert J. Krapp in the Spanish style and was constructed from 1926 to 1927 for the Chanin brothers.[8] The theater is named after producer John Golden (1874–1955).[9] It was part of an entertainment complex along with the Lincoln Hotel and the Majestic and Royale theaters, which were also designed by Krapp in a Spanish style.[8] [10] The Masque was designed to be the smallest theater in that complex, with about 800 seats.[11] The Chanin Realty and Construction Company constructed all four structures. The Golden is operated by the Shubert Organization.[12] [13]

Facade

The facade is symmetrically arranged. The ground floor is clad in rusticated blocks of terracotta above a granite water table. At ground level, the auditorium entrance includes four pairs of glass and aluminum doors. There is a modern bronze-framed sign board to the left, or east, of the doors. In addition, there are two display boxes on either side of the doors, with volutes on one of the boxes and stylized lions on the other box on either side. A plaque memorializing the theater's namesake is placed beside the doors. The entrance is topped by a marquee. A terracotta cornice and a band course run above the ground floor. The stage door is to the right, or east, of the main facade and is shared with the Majestic and Bernard B. Jacobs theaters.

The upper stories contain gold-colored, bonded Roman brick. The brick facade was designed to relate to the adjacent theaters and hotel. The center of the facade has a set of three arches spanning the second and third stories. The arches have molded Della Robbia foliate decoration, placed on terracotta piers that contain Corinthian-style capitals. On the second story, there are metal-framed casement windows with multiple panes, above which is a horizontal rope molding. The arches do not have windows on the third story. A similar, wider arcade exists on the neighboring Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre.A sign with the theater's name is placed in front of the center arch. Toward the top of the facade, there are terracotta medallions depicting fictional beasts and foliate decorations. The parapet of the facade contains a terracotta balustrade. Above the center portion of the facade is a loggia, which in turn is placed on a balustrade and console brackets. The loggia has six single columns with decorative capitals, which support a cornice with modillions, as well as a Spanish-tile hip roof. The Golden's loggia complements a similar one on the stage-house wing of the Bernard B. Jacobs.

Auditorium

The original color scheme was red and blue, accented with gray,[14] while the seat coverings were colored burnt orange. The interior is laid out in a similar Spanish style to the exterior. The layout was part of an effort by Irwin Chanin, one of the developers, to "democratize" the seating arrangement of the theater. The Golden was designed with a single balcony rather than the typical two, since Chanin had perceived the second balcony to be distant. The Chanin brothers wanted the three theaters' interior designs to be distinct while still adhering to a Spanish motif. Following a 2013 renovation, the theater has had an orange/red and blue/green color scheme, resembling the original.[15]

The auditorium has an orchestra level, one balcony, and a stage behind the proscenium arch. The auditorium's width is greater than its depth, and the space is designed with plaster decorations in high relief. According to the Shubert Organization, the auditorium has 802 seats; meanwhile, Playbill cites 787 seats and The Broadway League cites 805 seats.[16] The physical seats are divided into 465 seats in the orchestra, 110 at the front of the balcony, and 227 at the rear of the balcony. The Golden does not have boxes. There are restrooms and drinking fountains below the orchestra. An article from 1927 noted that the theater had 800 seats, which were slightly wider than seats in typical Broadway theaters of the time.

Seating areas

The rear of the orchestra contains doors from the ticket lobby, which leads to a promenade behind a modern wall. There are decorative exit signs above the doorways, which are at the center of the rear wall. The orchestra floor is raked, and the eastern wall is curved inward due to the presence of the Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre next door. The orchestra and its promenade contain walls with rough stucco blocks. Lighting sconces are mounted onto the wall. Two staircases lead between the orchestra and the balcony. The orchestra level is wheelchair-accessible, but there are no elevators to the balcony. On either side of the front section of the orchestra, there are pointed arches with two pairs of doors. The doors are flanked by twisting columns and contain decorative exit-sign frames above them. There are also shields on the walls, high above the arches. The doorways originally had red velour curtains, which were restored during a 2013 renovation.

The balcony level is divided into front and rear sections by an aisle halfway across its depth, where ornate metal railings surround the staircases. The front section curves forward toward the walls and contains decorative metal balustrades. As at the orchestra level, the walls contain lighting sconces. The walls consist of paneled stucco blocks with low relief Moorish designs. There are arched doorways with exit doors at the front of the balcony. Above the wall is a geometric frieze, which forms the wall's cornice. Geometric-patterned panels are placed along the front and underside of the balcony. Lights have been installed in front of the balcony.

Other design features

Next to the arched exits at orchestra level is an elliptical proscenium arch. The archway is flanked by a pair of twisted columns, above which are colonettes that rise to the imposts of the arch. There is a band with geometric patterns along the arch itself. The coved ceiling is composed of arched ribs, which separate the auditorium into sections. The arches are supported on corbels on each wall, with twisting colonettes beside each corbel, while the ribs themselves have low-relief cameos, shields, and geometric patterns. A frieze with geometric patterns runs just below the ceiling. At the rear of the auditorium, the ceiling has a flat surface with a technical booth surrounded by grilles. The depth of the auditorium to the proscenium is 24feet, while the depth to the front of the stage is 27feet.

History

Times Square became the epicenter for large-scale theater productions between 1900 and the Great Depression.[17] During the 1900s and 1910s, many theaters in Midtown Manhattan were developed by the Shubert brothers, one of the major theatrical syndicates of the time. The Chanin brothers developed another grouping of theaters in the mid-1920s.[18] [19] Though the Chanins largely specialized in real estate rather than theaters, Irwin Chanin had become interested in theater when he was an impoverished student at the Cooper Union. He subsequently recalled that he had been "humiliated" by having to use a separate door whenever he bought cheap seats in an upper balcony level.[20] By October 1926, the Chanins had decided to construct and operate a theatrical franchise "in New York and half a dozen other large cities in the United States".[21] Herbert Krapp had already designed the 46th Street, Biltmore, and Mansfield theaters for the Chanins in 1925 and 1926.

Development and early years

Chanin operation

The Chanin brothers had acquired the Klaman site in May 1925.[22] [23] [24] The Chanins planned to build a hotel on Eighth Avenue and three theaters on the side streets.[22] [24] In March 1926, Krapp filed plans with the New York City Department of Buildings for the hotel and theaters, which were projected to cost $4.5 million.[25] Local news media reported that there would be a large theater on 44th Street and a medium-sized theater and a small theater on 45th Street. The brownstones on the site were razed starting in May, and the site was cleared by the next month.[26] That July, the Chanin brothers received a $7.5 million loan for the four developments from S. W. Straus & Co.[27] Irwin Chanin launched a competition the same month, asking the public to suggest names for the three theaters.[28] The names of the three theaters were announced in December 1926.[29] [30] The large theater became the Majestic;[31] the mid-sized theater, the Royale;[32] and the small theater, the Masque.[33] The following month, the Chanins gave A. L. Erlanger exclusive control over bookings at the three new theaters and their five existing houses.[34] [35]

The Theatre Masque opened on February 24, 1927, with the play Puppets of Passion.[36] [37] The Masque was the second of the three new Chanin theaters to open. The opening of the Majestic, Masque, and Royale signified the westward extension of the traditional Broadway theater district, as well as an expansion of the Chanins' theatrical developments.[38] [39] Each of the Chanin theaters was intended for a different purpose: the 1,800-seat Majestic for "revues and light operas", the 1,200-seat Royale for "musical comedies", and the 800-seat Masque for "intimate" plays. The Chanin brothers were especially optimistic about the Masque, which was the closest of their theaters to the new Eighth Avenue subway line.[40] Brooks Atkinson of The New York Times said the "Theatre Masque is pleasing and comfortable",[41] while Burns Mantle of the New York Daily News said that he "liked particularly the curtain and the carpet".[42] However, both men disliked Puppets of Passion, which flopped after twelve performances.[43] [44]

The Masque mostly hosted flops in its first two years. Puppets of Passion was followed by The Comic, which lasted just 15 performances,[45] then by a revival of the Gilbert and Sullivan operetta Patience, which ran a similarly short 16 performances. In August 1927, Robert Milton leased the Masque for several years.[46] [47] The rest of 1927 was taken up by three short-running productions: Revelry, The King Can Do No Wrong, and Venus. The Masque fared not much better in 1928, when it hosted eight productions. Relations, a comedy by Edward Clark,[48] was the only production in 1928 to run more than 100 performances, though Scarlet Fox and Young Love both came close. In July 1929, the Shubert brothers bought the Chanin brothers' half-ownership stakes in the Majestic, Masque, and Royale theaters for a combined $1.8 million.[49] [50] [51] In exchange, the Shuberts sold a parcel of land on the Upper West Side to the Chanins,[51] who bought several adjacent lots and developed the Century apartment building there. The Masque's first major hit was Rope's End in 1929,[52] subsequently adapted into the Alfred Hitchcock film Rope. John Drinkwater's Bird in Hand premiered at the Masque that December, and it relocated within a month, eventually playing 500 performances.

1930s and early 1940s

The Shuberts obtained the exclusive rights to operate the Masque in 1930, though the productions of that decade largely flopped. The first production of that year was a transfer of Martin Flavin's hit Broken Dishes, which had transferred from the Ritz Theatre.[53] Also in 1930, the Masque presented Frances Goodrich and Albert Hackett's play Up Pops the Devil,[54] with 146 performances.[55] It was succeeded the next year by the DuBose Heyward drama Brass Ankle;[56] a short run of The Venetian;[57] and Norman Krasna's comedy Louder, Please.[58] The original romance Goodbye Again, with Osgood Perkins, opened in 1932 and ran for 212 performances.[59] Tobacco Road, another eventual hit, premiered at the Masque in 1933 and relocated the next month. The Masque's other successes of the mid-1930s included Post Road in 1934,[60] Laburnum Grove in 1935,[61] and Russet Mantle in 1936, all of which had over 100 performances.[62]

The Broadway theater industry declined during the Great Depression, and the Majestic, Masque, and Royale were auctioned in November 1936 to satisfy a $2 million mortgage against the theaters.[63] A representative of the Shubert family bought the rights to operate the theaters for $700,000,[64] but the Bankers Securities Corporation retained a half interest.[65] The Holmeses of Baker Street, which opened in December 1936,[66] was the last show to be produced at the Masque before the theater changed names. At the end of the month, producer John Golden leased the Masque,[67] [68] with plans to renovate the theater and rename it after himself. The name "John Golden Theatre" had previously been applied to the neighboring Royale in 1934,[69] but Golden had lost the right to operate the Royale in the 1936 auction. The Theatre Masque became the John Golden Theatre on January 26, 1937,[70] and the flop And Now Goodbye became the first production in the newly renamed theater the next week.[71]

The Golden continued to host flops after its renaming. One especially short run was Curtain Call in 1937, which had four performances before closing.[72] The Golden's next hit was Paul Vincent Carroll's Shadow and Substance,[73] which opened in 1938 and ran for 206 performances. Another play by Carroll, The White Steed, was moderately successful after relocating to the Golden in 1939. A major hit opened in 1941 with the premiere of Angel Street,[74] which ran nearly 1,300 performances over the next three years. Angel Street became the Golden's longest-running production, despite initial expectations of failure: only three days' worth of playbills were ordered for the initial run. It was followed in 1944 by Rose Franken's comedy Soldier's Wife,[75] which had a successful run of 255 performances.[76]

Later Shubert operation

Mid-1940s to 1960s

The Shubert brothers bought the Majestic, John Golden (Masque), and Royale theaters from the Bankers Securities Corporation in 1945, giving the family full ownership of these theaters. During the mid-1940s, the Golden presented numerous mediocre plays, including The Rich Full Life and Dunnigan's Daughter in 1945, as well as January Thaw and I Like It Here in 1946. In July 1946, the Golden was leased for five years to the Super Cinema Corporation. The lessee planned to show Italian films there,[77] [78] but the Golden instead showed the British film Henry V for nearly a year.[79] The theater was used as a cinema until February 1948, when Maurice Chevalier opened a solo show there.[80] The Golden then hosted several short-run shows with live performers. The cinema's lease did not expire until 1950. That year, the Golden hosted a moderate hit, The Velvet Glove with Grace George and Walter Hampden,[81] as well as the flop Let's Make an Opera, which had five performances. Other works during the early 1950s included The Green Bay Tree;[82] To Dorothy, A Son; and The Fourposter.

Victor Borge's one-man show Comedy in Music, which opened in 1953 and ran 849 performances during the next three years.[83] By sharp contrast, even though Bert Lahr and E. G. Marshall were acclaimed for their performances in the 1956 play Waiting for Godot, it had only 59 performances.[84] The same year, Menasha Skulnik starred in Uncle Willie during its 141-performance run.[85] Look Back in Anger was also a minor hit when it was staged at the Golden for six months in 1958. Starting in the late 1950s, the Golden hosted numerous revues with two performers. First among them was A Party with Betty Comden and Adolph Green, featuring the duo of Betty Comden and Adolph Green, who premiered in 1958[86] and returned in 1959.[87] Also presented in 1959 were The Billy Barnes Revue, as well as At the Drop of a Hat with Michael Flanders and Donald Swann. An Evening With Mike Nichols and Elaine May premiered in 1960[88] and ran for 306 performances, followed the next year by An Evening with Yves Montand.[89]

The Golden hosted a transfer of Sunday in New York with Robert Redford in 1962. Beyond the Fringe premiered later that year, ultimately running over 600 performances.[90] Victor Borge again played the Golden in 1964[91] with 192 performances of his solo Comedy in Music, Opus 2.[92] This was followed in 1966 by the South African revue Wait a Minim!,[93] which ran more than twice as long, with 457 performances. For the most part, the Golden's other productions during the 1960s were short-lived. Seven productions followed Wait a Minim! in the late 1960s, including After the Rain and Brief Lives in 1967.

1970s and 1980s

The first success in the 1970s was Bob and Ray—The Two and Only,[94] a comedy that starred Bob Elliott and Ray Goulding for 158 performances. The following year, the off-Broadway hit You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown ran at the Golden, though its 32-performance Broadway run was far shorter than its off-Broadway run. In 1972, The Public Theater presented David Rabe's Sticks and Bones,[95] starring Elizabeth Wilson and Tom Aldredge for 245 performances. Sammy Cahn featured in the revue Words and Music in 1974,[96] [97] while Shirley Knight appeared the next year in Kennedy's Children. Two major productions opened in 1977: Dirty Linen & New-Found-Land, a pair of plays by Tom Stoppard, and The Gin Game, a Pulitzer Prize-winning tragicomedy by Donald L. Coburn with 517 performances.[98] By contrast, Murder at the Howard Johnson's was a notable failure with only four performances in 1979.[99]

In 1980, the Golden hosted a short revival of Watch on the Rhine,[100] followed by the premiere of the double bill A Day in Hollywood / A Night in the Ukraine. Hollywood/Ukraine relocated in June 1980[101] and the Golden underwent a renovation. The theater reopened that October with Tintypes,[102] a revue that transferred from off-Broadway. The following year, the Golden hosted another off-Broadway transfer, the Pulitzer-winning Crimes of the Heart, which ran for 535 performances. Two other Pulitzer-winning productions were then staged at the Golden: night, Mother in 1983[103] and Glengarry Glen Ross. This set a record for the number of Pulitzer-winning productions on Broadway, with four such productions in seven years. A revival of Athol Fugard's Blood Knot opened at the Golden in 1985,[104] which was followed in 1987 by Stepping Out[105] and All My Sons.[106] The New York International Festival of the Arts premiered Juno and the Paycock on Broadway in 1988,[107] and Eastern Standard premiered the next year,[108] featuring Richard Greenberg in his Broadway debut. During the 1980s, the Shuberts renovated the Golden as part of a restoration program for their Broadway theaters.[109]

The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) had started considering protecting the John Golden Theatre as an official city landmark in 1982,[110] with discussions continuing over the next several years.[111] The LPC designated both the facade and the interior as landmarks on November 17, 1987.[112] This was part of the LPC's wide-ranging effort in 1987 to grant landmark status to Broadway theaters.[113] The New York City Board of Estimate ratified the designations in March 1988.[114] The Shuberts, the Nederlanders, and Jujamcyn collectively sued the LPC in June 1988 to overturn the landmark designations of 22 theaters, including the Golden, on the merit that the designations severely limited the extent to which the theaters could be modified.[115] The lawsuit was escalated to the New York Supreme Court and the Supreme Court of the United States, but these designations were ultimately upheld in 1992.[116]

1990s to present

In 1990, Michael Feinstein performed at the Golden with his show Concert: Piano and Voice.[117] This was followed by Falsettos (1992), which had 487 performances, and by the drama Mixed Emotions (1993) with Katherine Helmond, which had 55 performances.[118] The comedian Jackie Mason subsequently starred at the Golden in Politically Incorrect, which opened in 1994 and ran for over 340 performances.[119] [120] It was followed the next year by Master Class,[121] which ran for about 600 performances through 1997.[122] [123] Also successful was a limited engagement of The Chairs in 1998,[124] as well as a transfer of the off-Broadway production Side Man later that year,[125] which then ran until 1999. Mason returned at the end of 1999 for Much Ado About Everything.[126] [127]

The first hit of the 2000s was Stones in His Pockets in 2001,[128] which ran for 198 performances. This was followed by The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia? in 2002,[129] [130] as well as Vincent in Brixton in 2003.[131] As part of a settlement with the United States Department of Justice in 2003, the Shuberts agreed to improve disabled access at their 16 landmarked Broadway theaters, including the Golden.[132] [133] The musical Avenue Q, transferred from off-Broadway, opened at the Golden on July 31, 2003,[134] [135] and became a major hit, recovering its production cost within a year.[136] By the time Avenue Q transferred back off-Broadway in 2009,[137] it had become the Golden's longest-running production with over 2,500 performances. Subsequently, the Golden hosted Oleanna in late 2009; Red and Driving Miss Daisy in 2010; The Normal Heart and Seminar in 2011; and Anarchist in 2012. The Shuberts hired Francesca Russo to renovate the John Golden Theatre in 2013. Russo's company removed many later modifications, and they also restored the original appearance using historical pictures, as well as details inspired by structures such as the Taj Mahal.

The John Golden Theatre continued to host small productions in the mid-2010s. These included Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike and A Time to Kill in 2013; Mothers and Sons and A Delicate Balance in 2014, Skylight and a revival of The Gin Game in 2015; and Eclipsed and The Encounter in 2016. Subsequently, the Golden hosted A Doll's House, Part 2 in 2017; Three Tall Women and The Waverly Gallery in 2018; and Hillary and Clinton and Slave Play in 2019. The theater closed on March 12, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[138] The production Hangmen, which was supposed to open in mid-2020, did not officially open at that time due to the pandemic.[139] The Golden Theatre reopened October 13, 2021, with performances of Thoughts of a Colored Man,[140] [141] which closed at the end of the year. This allowed Hangmen to be booked for a limited run from April to June 2022,[142] followed by Topdog/Underdog for a limited run from October 2022 to January 2023. The play Prima Facie was staged at the Golden from April to July 2023; it was followed by The Shark Is Broken from August to November 2023. The play Stereophonic ran at the Golden for 14 weeks starting in April 2024.[143]

Notable productions

Productions are listed by the year of their first performance. This list only includes Broadway shows; it does not include films screened at the theater.[12] [16]

See also

References

Sources

Notes and References

  1. 298.
  2. Web site: 252 West 45 Street, 10036. November 17, 2021. New York City Department of City Planning.
  3. Book: Feirstein, Sanna. Naming New York: Manhattan Places and How They Got Their Names. NYU Press. 2001. 978-0-8147-2711-9. 119.
  4. News: May 18, 1926. Razing Block Front on Eighth Avenue: Former Homes of Beverly Chew and Judge Leventritt in Housewreckers' Hands.. 43. The New York Times. 0362-4331. .
  5. News: July 9, 1926. $7,500,000 Lent For Tall Hotel And Theaters: Complete Financial Arrangements for 27-Story Hostelry and 3 Other Buildings on Rear of Astor Block. 29. New York Herald Tribune. .
  6. News: March 21, 1926. $10,000,000 Development For 8th Avenue: Chanin Syndicate Accepts This Figure as Cost of 20-Story Hotel and Three Theaters It Will Build. B1. The New York Herald, New York Tribune. .
  7. News: March 17, 1926. $4,500,000 Theater And Hotel Project. 37. The New York Herald, New York Tribune. .
  8. 91–92.
  9. News: June 18, 1955. John Golden. en-US. The New York Times. November 21, 2021. 0362-4331.
  10. 231.
  11. Book: Diamonstein, Barbaralee. Landmarks of New York III. Harry N. Abrams. 1998. 978-0-8109-3594-5. Landmarks of New York Series. 348. November 19, 2021.
  12. Web site: September 22, 2021. John Golden Theatre. November 18, 2021. Playbill.
  13. Web site: Golden Theatre. November 18, 2021. Shubert Organization.
  14. News: February 24, 1927. Masque Opens Tonight; Chanins Producers of "Puppets of Passio .." in Their Fifth Theatre.. en-US. The New York Times. November 23, 2021. 0362-4331.
  15. Coakley. Jacob. Sep 2013. Burnishing the Golden Theatre. 26. 9. 28. . Stage Directions.
  16. Web site: The Broadway League. October 13, 2021. John Golden Theatre – New York, NY. November 21, 2021. IBDB.
  17. Web site: Swift. Christopher. 2018. The City Performs: An Architectural History of NYC Theater. ArcGIS Online . live. https://web.archive.org/web/20200325233910/https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html%3Fappid%3Ddbe468bfd33343dc96c23db1da55f803. March 25, 2020. March 25, 2020. New York City College of Technology, City University of New York.
  18. News: October 8, 1927. The Chanins of Broadway. 54. New York Daily News. 2692-1251. .
  19. News: January 24, 1926. Who are the Chanins?. en-US. The New York Times. November 17, 2021. 0362-4331.
  20. Mullett. Mary B.. Aug 1928. [<!--https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015056074373--> The Chanins of Broadway]. American Magazine. 106. 126.
  21. News: October 24, 1926. Chanins to Build Chain of Theatres; Two Brothers Are Also to Enter Play-producing Field on a Large Scale.. en-US. The New York Times. November 18, 2021. 0362-4331.
  22. News: May 15, 1925 . $10,000,000 Project For Eighth Ave. Block: Hotel and 3 Theaters Planned for Plot Between 44th and 45th Streets . 28 . The New York Herald, New York Tribune . .
  23. News: May 15, 1925 . Tenement Properties Find Ready Buyers: Multi-family Houses in Columbus Avenue Sold—Monroe Street Investment. . 33 . The New York Times . 0362-4331 . .
  24. May 15, 1925 . Realty News: Midtown Loft Buildings Change Hands: Brown Sells Fifth Avenue And 12th Street Structure . Women's Wear . 30 . 114 . 42 . .
  25. News: March 17, 1926. Plan Hotel, 3 Theatres; Chanin to Improve Blockfront on Eighth Avenue.. en-US. The New York Times. December 2, 2022. 0362-4331.
  26. News: June 13, 1926. Chaotic Conditions on Eighth Avenue; Subway Excavation Has Reduced Pedestrian Sidewalks to Single File Traffic. en-US. The New York Times. November 17, 2021. 0362-4331. November 17, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211117200846/https://www.nytimes.com/1926/06/13/archives/chaotic-conditions-on-eighth-avenue-subway-excavation-has-reduced.html. live.
  27. News: July 9, 1926 . New Hotel Financed by $7,500,000 Loan S. W. Straus & Co. Underwrite the Lincoln Being Erected on 8th Av. By the Chanins. . 33 . The New York Times . 0362-4331 . .
  28. . Chanin Offers Prizes For New Theater Names . 38 . 31 . July 31, 1926 . 6 . The Billboard.
  29. December 18, 1926. Musical Comedy: New Chanin Houses Named and Booked. 38. 51. 26. . The Billboard.
  30. News: December 17, 1926. News of Theaters. 27. New York Herald Tribune. .
  31. News: December 10, 1926. The Majestic Its Name; New Chanin Theatre to Open With "Rufus LeMaire's Affairs.". en-US. The New York Times. November 17, 2021. 0362-4331.
  32. News: December 6, 1926. Royale Theatre Its Name; New Chanin Playhouse in West 45th St. to Be Opened Soon.. en-US. The New York Times. November 17, 2021. 0362-4331.
  33. News: December 17, 1926. New Theatre the Masque.; Name Chosen for Third of Chanin Houses Now Going Up.. en-US. The New York Times. November 17, 2021. 0362-4331.
  34. News: January 21, 1927. Erlanger Regains Theatrical Power By Booking Pact: Old Oflice Adds to Interests Through Arrangement to Handle Contracts for New Chanin Chain of Houses. 15. New York Herald Tribune. .
  35. News: January 21, 1927. Chanin Theatres Book With Erlanger; Five Additional New York Houses Are Added to Chain on Cooperative Basis.. en-US. The New York Times. November 17, 2021. 0362-4331.
  36. News: . The Theaters: Nevertheless, the New Theater Masque Is One of the Finest of the N. Y. Playhouses Rose Hobart . Hammond . Percy . February 25, 1927 . 14 . New York Herald Tribune.
  37. News: Allen. Kelcey. February 25, 1927. Amusements: Chanin's Open New Beautiful Theatre Link. 34. 6, 52. Women's Wear Daily. 46. .
  38. News: March 6, 1927. Theatrical Trend Moving Westward; Active Development Predicted Between Eighth and Ninth Avenues in Near Future. Opera House Influence Many Apartment and Amusement Operations Under Way in Blocks West of Broadway.. en-US. The New York Times. November 17, 2021. 0362-4331.
  39. News: March 6, 1927. Roxy's Theater Builder Started In Brooklyn Eight Years Ago: In 1919 Chanins Were Having Trouble Financing 1st Venture, Two Small Houses Near Coney Island; Have Erected 147 Buildings Since, 25 Theaters. C2. New York Herald Tribune. .
  40. Book: Henderson, Mary C.. The City and the theatre: New York playhouses from Bowling Green to Times Square. 1973. White. 978-0-88371-003-6. Clifton, N.J.. 247. English. 847042402. . (According to, the image accompanying the Golden's entry is in fact the Royale, now the Jacobs.). limited.
  41. News: Atkinson. J. Brooks. February 25, 1927. The Play. en-US. The New York Times. November 18, 2021. 0362-4331.
  42. News: Mantle. Burns. February 26, 1927. 'Passion's Puppets' Made Madly Intense. 49. New York Daily News. 2692-1251. .
  43. ;
  44. Web site: Puppets of Passion Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. February 24, 1927. Puppets of Passion – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  45. Web site: The Comic Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 19, 1927. The Comic – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  46. News: August 1, 1927. Leases Theatre Masque; Robert Milton Plans to Produce a Series of Dramas.. en-US. The New York Times. November 18, 2021. 0362-4331.
  47. News: . Amusements: Horace Liveright Announces Theatrical Plans. . Allen . Kelcey . August 1, 1927 . 35 . 26 . 9 . Women's Wear Daily.
  48. Web site: Relations Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. August 20, 1928. Relations – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  49. News: July 3, 1929. Shuberts Buy Chanin Shares In 3 Theaters: Majestic, Royale and Masque Interests Turned Over in Part Payment for Century. 12. New York Herald Tribune. .
  50. News: July 5, 1929. Theater Deal Announced. 3. The Christian Science Monitor. .
  51. News: July 3, 1929. 3 Chanin Theatres Bought by Shuberts; Majestic, Royale and Masque Transferred as Part of Deal for Century Block.. en-US. The New York Times. May 17, 2022. 0362-4331.
  52. ;
  53. Web site: Broken Dishes Broadway @ Ritz Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. November 5, 1929. Broken Dishes – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  54. ;
  55. Web site: Up Pops the Devil Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. August 1, 1930. Up Pops the Devil – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  56. Web site: Brass Ankle Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 23, 1931. Brass Ankle – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  57. News: Atkinson. J. Brooks. November 2, 1931. The Play. en-US. The New York Times. November 23, 2021. 0362-4331.
  58. ;
  59. Web site: Goodbye Again Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. December 28, 1932. Goodbye Again – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  60. Web site: Post Road Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. December 4, 1934. Post Road – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  61. Web site: The Broadway League. January 14, 1935. Laburnum Grove – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  62. Web site: Russet Mantle Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. January 16, 1936. Russet Mantle – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  63. News: November 15, 1936. $700,000 Upset Price for Three Theatres: Masque, Majestic and Golden in 44th and 45th Sts. To Be Offered on Nov. 23. RE1. The New York Times. 0362-4331. .
  64. News: November 24, 1936. 3 Theatres Sold by Order of Court; Masque, Majestic and Royale-Golden Are Auctioned for Upset Price of $700,000.. en-US. The New York Times. November 19, 2021. 0362-4331.
  65. News: May 26, 1945. Shuberts Gain Ownership of Three Theaters: Philadelphia Concern Sell Half Interest in West 44th, 45th St. Property. 20. New York Herald Tribune. .
  66. News: December 9, 1936. News of the Stage; 'The Holmeses of Baker Street' Opening Tonight – 'Tide Rising' Now in Preparaation.. en-US. The New York Times. November 23, 2021. 0362-4331.
  67. News: December 29, 1936. The Drama Desk. 8. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. .
  68. News: Allen. Kelcey. December 28, 1936. Amusements: Last Week Of O'oyly Carte Opera Co.. 53. 14. Women's Wear Daily. 125. .
  69. News: Allen. Kelcey. September 19, 1934. Amusements: Royale Theatre Renamed The John Golden. 49. 15. Women's Wear Daily. 56. .
  70. News: January 27, 1937. News of the Theaters: Five New Shows Due Next Week; Golden's and Now Goodbye' Opens Tuesday. 15. New York Herald Tribune. .
  71. News: Atkinson. Brooks. February 3, 1937. The Play; Philip Merivale in 'And Now Good-Bye,' From the Novel by James Hilton. en-US. The New York Times. November 23, 2021. 0362-4331.
  72. News: April 26, 1937. News of the Stage; ' Curtain Call' Closes After a Three-Day Career'Abie's Irish Rose' to 'Return' on-May 12. en-US. The New York Times. November 23, 2021. 0362-4331.
  73. ;
  74. ;
  75. ;
  76. Web site: Soldier's Wife Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 4, 1944. Soldier's Wife – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  77. News: July 2, 1946. Of Local Origin. 33. The New York Times. 0362-4331. .
  78. News: July 1, 1946. Golden Theater Leased For Use as Film House. 27. New York Herald Tribune. .
  79. April 26, 1947. Legitimate: Opera Follows Shakespeare As Golden Theater Pic Fare. 59. 17. 46. . The Billboard.
  80. News: Calta. Louie. February 28, 1948. Chevalier Return Set for Tomorrow; Will Begin 4-Week Engagement at the John Golden Theatre After Successful Tour. en-US. The New York Times. November 23, 2021. 0362-4331.
  81. News: Calta. Louis. May 11, 1950. Leo Carroll Set to Produce Show; Star Will Have John Golden as Partner in Presentation of Comedy, 'Once an Actor' 'Ho Dan-Zo' Being Offered Haley May Become Sponsor. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  82. News: February 1, 1951. 'Green Bay Tree' Returns Tonight; Returns to Musical. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  83. ;
  84. News: Gussow. Mel. January 5, 2003. Theater; Taking a Chance on an Unknown Irishman. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  85. Web site: Uncle Willie Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 24, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. December 20, 1956. Uncle Willie – Broadway Play – Original. November 24, 2021. IBDB.
  86. ;
  87. News: April 15, 1959. Alumnae Group Plans a Benefit For Connecticut; College Club Here Will Sponsor a Theatre Party on Tuesday. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  88. News: Taubman. Howard. October 10, 1960. Evening With Nichols and May' Opens. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  89. News: Taubman. Howard. October 25, 1961. Theatre: Yves Montand Evokes Paris; French Entertainer at the John Golden He Sings and Acts on 'Tour' of the City. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  90. News: May 30, 1964. 'Beyond the Fringe' to End Run Tonight. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  91. News: November 10, 1964. Theater: Borge's Opus 2; Entertainer Is Abetted by Leonid Hambro. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  92. Web site: Comedy in Music Opus 2 Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 24, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. November 9, 1964. Comedy in Music Opus 2 – Broadway Special – Original. November 24, 2021. IBDB.
  93. News: Kauffmann. Stanley. March 8, 1966. Theater: 'A Musical Entertainment'; 'Wait a Minim!' Opens at the John Golden 8 South Africans Afford a Congenial Evening. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  94. ;
  95. News: Barnes. Clive. March 2, 1972. Theater: 'Sticks and Bones' at Golden. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  96. News: Barnes. Clive. April 17, 1974. The Theater: 'Words and Music' by Sammy Cahn. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  97. Web site: Words & Music Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 24, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 16, 1974. Words & Music – Broadway Musical – Original. November 24, 2021. IBDB.
  98. ;
  99. News: May 19, 1979. 'Murder at Johnson's' Will Close Tonight. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  100. News: Kerr. Walter. January 4, 1980. Theater: 'Watch on the Rhine' Returns. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  101. August 20, 1900. Legitimate: 'H'wood/Ukraine' Repays 100G; Revue Netting 40G A Week. 3. 81. 300. . Variety.
  102. News: Rich. Frank. October 24, 1980. Revue: 'Tintypes,' Scrapbook of Nostalgia; From a Gentle Era. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  103. ;
  104. News: Rich. Frank. December 11, 1985. Stage: 'Blood Knot,' With Fugard and Mokae. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  105. News: March 12, 1987. 'Stepping Out' to Close. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  106. News: May 19, 1987. 'All My Sons' Closes. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  107. News: June 28, 1988. Efforts to Extend Run of 'Juno' Fail. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  108. News: March 21, 1989. 'Eastern Standard' Closing. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  109. News: Bennetts. Leslie. April 22, 1986. Theater Gets Raves for Decor. en-US. The New York Times. January 2, 2022. 0362-4331.
  110. News: Dunlap. David W.. October 20, 1982. Landmark Status Sought for Theaters. en-US. The New York Times. live. October 29, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211029222429/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/10/20/nyregion/landmark-status-sought-for-theaters.html. October 29, 2021. 0362-4331.
  111. News: Shepard. Joan. August 28, 1985. Is the final curtain near?. 462, 464. New York Daily News. 2692-1251. live. September 16, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210921174705/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/85456704/is-the-final-curtain-near/. September 21, 2021. newspapers.com.
  112. News: Dunlap. David W.. November 18, 1987. Plan Blocked for Tower Atop Landmark. en-US. The New York Times. live. November 13, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20171108233040/http://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/18/nyregion/plan-blocked-for-tower-atop-landmark.html. November 8, 2017. 0362-4331.
  113. News: Dunlap. David W.. November 22, 1987. The Region; The City Casts Its Theaters In Stone. en-US. The New York Times. live. October 16, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211016164623/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/22/weekinreview/the-region-the-city-casts-its-theaters-in-stone.html. October 16, 2021. 0362-4331.
  114. News: Purdum. Todd S.. March 12, 1988. 28 Theaters Are Approved as Landmarks. en-US. The New York Times. November 20, 2021. 0362-4331.
  115. News: Dunlap. David W.. June 21, 1988. Owners File Suit to Revoke Theaters' Landmark Status. en-US. The New York Times. live. October 29, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211029222433/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/06/21/nyregion/owners-file-suit-to-revoke-theaters-landmark-status.html. October 29, 2021. 0362-4331.
  116. News: Dunlap. David W.. May 27, 1992. High Court Upholds Naming Of 22 Theaters as Landmarks. en-US. The New York Times. live. October 29, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211030023526/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/05/27/nyregion/high-court-upholds-naming-of-22-theaters-as-landmarks.html. October 30, 2021. 0362-4331.
  117. News: Holden. Stephen. October 4, 1990. Review/Pop; The Man Who Adores Waltzes. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  118. Web site: Mixed Emotions Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 24, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 12, 1993. Mixed Emotions – Broadway Play – Original. November 24, 2021. IBDB.
  119. News: May 30, 1995. 'Jackie Mason' to Close. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  120. Web site: Jackie Mason: Politically Incorrect Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 5, 1994. Jackie Mason: Politically Incorrect – Broadway Special – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  121. News: Jefferson. Margo. November 12, 1995. Sunday View; Two Legends, Two Under-the-Skin Portraits. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  122. News: June 24, 1997. 'Master Class' to Close. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  123. Web site: Master Class Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. November 5, 1995. Master Class – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  124. Web site: The Chairs Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en. Web site: The Broadway League. March 1, 1998. The Chairs – Broadway Play – 1998 Revival. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  125. News: September 9, 1998. 'Side Man' Is Moving To the John Golden. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  126. News: McKinley. Jesse. September 17, 1999. On Stage and Off; A Change Of Scenery. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  127. Web site: Much Ado About Everything Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 24, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. December 30, 1999. Much Ado About Everything – Broadway Special – Original. November 24, 2021. IBDB.
  128. News: Brantley. Ben. April 2, 2001. Theater Review; Wearing Everyone's Shoes, Yet Being Themselves. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  129. Web site: The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia? Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. March 10, 2002. The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia? – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  130. News: Brantley. Ben. March 11, 2002. Theater Review; A Secret Paramour Who Nibbles Tin Cans. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  131. News: Brantley. Ben. March 7, 2003. Theater Review; Before Madness There Was Love. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  132. News: Tavernise. Sabrina. September 26, 2003. Shuberts Revamp 16 Theaters, Improving Access for Disabled. en-US. The New York Times. January 9, 2022. 0362-4331.
  133. News: September 28, 2003. Broadway theaters accessible to disabled. 68. Press and Sun-Bulletin. January 9, 2022.
  134. Isherwood. Charles. August 10, 2003. Legit Reviews: Broadway: 'Avenue Q' Rerouted to Broadway. 11. 29. 391. . Variety.
  135. News: Brantley. Ben. August 1, 2003. Theater Review; A Feeling You're Not On Sesame Street. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  136. News: Weber. Bruce. May 30, 2004. THEATER; The Puppets Who Made a Profit. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  137. Web site: Zielinski. Peter James. September 16, 2009. Photos: Avenue Q's Final Performance On Broadway – Arrivals. November 24, 2021. BroadwayWorld.com. en.
  138. News: Paulson. Michael. March 12, 2020. Broadway, Symbol of New York Resilience, Shuts Down Amid Virus Threat. en-US. The New York Times. October 22, 2021. 0362-4331.
  139. Web site: Rabinowitz. Chloe. April 18, 2021. Theater Stories: Eclipsed, Slave Play, Hangmen and More About the John Golden Theatre. November 24, 2021. BroadwayWorld.com. en.
  140. Web site: Franklin. Marc J.. October 14, 2021. A Look Inside Opening Night of Thoughts of a Colored Man on Broadway. November 23, 2021. Playbill.
  141. Web site: October 13, 2021. 'Thoughts Of A Colored Man' Makes Broadway History As Community Celebrates Opening Night. November 23, 2021. CBS New York – Breaking News, Sports, Weather, Traffic And The Best of NY.
  142. Web site: Evans . Greg . Martin McDonagh's 'Hangmen' Sets Broadway Return With Alfie Allen, David Threlfall . Deadline . February 1, 2022 . February 13, 2022.
  143. Web site: Evans . Greg . David Adjmi's Acclaimed 'Stereophonic' Sets Spring Broadway Opening, Laying Rumors To Rest . Deadline . January 17, 2024 . January 17, 2024.
    News: Paulson. Michael. January 17, 2024. 'Stereophonic,' a New Play About Making Music, to Open on Broadway. January 17, 2024. The New York Times. en-US. 0362-4331.
  144. Web site: Patience Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. May 23, 1927. Patience – Broadway Musical – 1927 Revival. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  145. Web site: Rope's End Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. September 19, 1929. Rope's End – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  146. Web site: The Venetian Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 31, 1931. The Venetian – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  147. Web site: Louder, Please Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. November 12, 1931. Louder, Please – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  148. Web site: Tobacco Road Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. December 4, 1933. Tobacco Road – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  149. Web site: Eden End Broadway @ Theatre Masque. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 21, 1935. Eden End – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  150. Web site: Shadow and Substance Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. January 26, 1938. Shadow and Substance – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  151. Web site: Lightnin' Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. September 15, 1938. Lightnin' – Broadway Play – 1938 Revival. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  152. Web site: The White Steed Broadway @ Cort Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. January 10, 1939. The White Steed – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  153. Web site: Angel Street Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. December 5, 1941. Angel Street – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  154. Web site: Maurice Chevalier in an Evening of Songs and Impressions Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. February 29, 1948. Maurice Chevalier in an evening of Songs and Impressions – Broadway Special – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  155. Web site: Goodbye, My Fancy Broadway @ Morosco Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. November 17, 1948. Goodbye, My Fancy – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  156. Web site: Let's Make an Opera Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. December 13, 1950. Let's Make an Opera – Broadway Special – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  157. Web site: The Green Bay Tree Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. January 1, 1951. The Green Bay Tree – Broadway Play – 1951 Revival. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  158. Web site: To Dorothy, a Son Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. November 19, 1951. To Dorothy, A Son – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  159. Web site: The Fourposter Broadway @ Ethel Barrymore Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 24, 1951. The Fourposter – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  160. Web site: Comedy in Music Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 2, 1953. Comedy in Music – Broadway Special – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  161. Web site: Someone Waiting Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. February 14, 1956. Someone Waiting – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  162. Web site: Waiting for Godot Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 19, 1956. Waiting for Godot – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  163. Web site: The Potting Shed Broadway @ Bijou Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. January 29, 1957. The Potting Shed – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  164. Web site: Look Back in Anger Broadway @ Lyceum Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. September 1, 1957. Look Back in Anger – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  165. Web site: Epitaph for George Dillon Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. November 4, 1958. Epitaph for George Dillon – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  166. Web site: A Party with Betty Comden & Adolph Green Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. December 23, 1958. A Party with Betty Comden & Adolph Green – Broadway Musical – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  167. Web site: Requiem for a Nun Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. January 30, 1959. Requiem for a Nun – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  168. Web site: Billy Barnes Revue Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. August 4, 1959. Billy Barnes Revue – Broadway Musical – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  169. Web site: At the Drop of a Hat Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 8, 1959. At the Drop of a Hat – Broadway Musical – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  170. Web site: An Evening with Mike Nichols and Elaine May Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 8, 1960. An Evening With Mike Nichols and Elaine May – Broadway Special – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  171. Web site: An Evening with Yves Montand Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 24, 1961. An Evening With Yves Montand – Broadway Special – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  172. Web site: Sunday in New York Broadway @ Cort Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. November 29, 1961. Sunday in New York – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  173. Web site: Beyond the Fringe Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 27, 1962. Beyond the Fringe – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  174. Web site: Wait a Minim! Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. March 7, 1966. Wait a Minim! – Broadway Musical – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  175. Web site: After the Rain Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 9, 1967. After the Rain – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  176. Web site: Brief Lives Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. December 18, 1967. Brief Lives – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  177. Web site: The Broadway League. February 27, 1968. Carry Me Back to Morningside Heights – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
    Web site: Carry Me Back to Morningside Heights Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
  178. Web site: The Exercise Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 24, 1968. The Exercise – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  179. Web site: Bob and Ray – the Two and Only Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill.
    Web site: The Broadway League. September 24, 1970. Bob and Ray – The Two and Only – Broadway Special – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  180. Web site: You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. May 1, 1971. You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown – Broadway Musical – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  181. Web site: Sticks and Bones Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. February 1, 1972. Sticks and Bones – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  182. Web site: Hughie / Duet Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. February 11, 1975. Hughie / Duet – Broadway Play – 1975 Revival. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  183. Web site: P. S. Your Cat Is Dead! Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 7, 1975. P. S. Your Cat Is Dead! – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  184. Web site: Kennedy's Children Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. November 3, 1975. Kennedy's Children – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  185. Web site: Going Up Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. September 19, 1976. Going Up – Broadway Musical – 1976 Revival. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  186. Web site: Dirty Linen & New-Found-Land Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. January 11, 1977. Dirty Linen & New-Found-Land – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  187. Web site: The Gin Game Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 6, 1977. The Gin Game – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  188. Web site: Murder at the Howard Johnson's Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. May 17, 1979. Murder at the Howard Johnson's – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  189. Web site: Watch on the Rhine Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. January 3, 1980. Watch on the Rhine – Broadway Play – 1980 Revival. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  190. Web site: A Day in Hollywood / A Night in the Ukraine Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 1, 1980. A Day in Hollywood / A Night in the Ukraine – Broadway Musical – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  191. Web site: Tintypes Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 23, 1980. Tintypes – Broadway Musical – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  192. Web site: The Broadway League . Crimes of the Heart – Broadway Play – Original . IBDB . November 4, 1981 . November 23, 2021.
    Web site: Crimes of the Heart Broadway @ John Golden Theatre . Playbill . November 23, 2021.
  193. Web site: 'night, Mother Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League . 'night, Mother – Broadway Play – Original . IBDB . March 31, 1983 . November 23, 2021.
  194. Web site: Glengarry Glen Ross Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League . Glengarry Glen Ross – Broadway Play – Original . IBDB . March 25, 1984 . November 23, 2021.
  195. Web site: Blood Knot Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League . Blood Knot – Broadway Play – Original . IBDB . December 10, 1985 . November 23, 2021.
  196. Web site: Stepping Out Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League . Stepping Out – Broadway Play – Original . IBDB . January 11, 1987 . November 23, 2021.
  197. Web site: All My Sons Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League . All My Sons – Broadway Play – 1987 Revival . IBDB . April 22, 1987 . November 23, 2021.
  198. Web site: Juno and the Paycock Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League . Juno and the Paycock – Broadway Play – 1988 Revival . IBDB . June 21, 1988 . November 23, 2021.
  199. Web site: Eastern Standard Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. January 5, 1989. Eastern Standard – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  200. Web site: Falsettos Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 29, 1992. Falsettos – Broadway Musical – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  201. Web site: Side Man Broadway @ Criterion Center Stage Right. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. June 25, 1998. Side Man – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  202. Web site: Stones in His Pockets Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. March 1, 2001. Stones in His Pockets – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  203. Web site: Vincent in Brixton Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. March 6, 2003. Vincent in Brixton – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  204. Web site: Avenue Q Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. July 31, 2003. Avenue Q – Broadway Musical – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  205. Web site: Oleanna Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 11, 2009. Oleanna – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  206. Web site: Itzkoff. Dave. November 17, 2009. 'Oleanna' to Close on Broadway. November 24, 2021. ArtsBeat. en-US.
  207. Web site: Red Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. March 1, 2010. Red – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  208. News: Brantley. Ben. April 1, 2010. Primary Colors and Abstract Appetites. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  209. Web site: Driving Miss Daisy Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 25, 2010. Driving Miss Daisy – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  210. Web site: Piepenburg. Erik. December 15, 2010. 'Driving Miss Daisy' to Extend. November 24, 2021. ArtsBeat. en-US.
  211. Web site: The Normal Heart Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 27, 2011. The Normal Heart – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  212. News: Brantley. Ben. April 28, 2011. Raw Anguish of the Plague Years. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  213. Web site: Seminar Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. November 20, 2011. Seminar – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  214. News: Brantley. Ben. November 21, 2011. Shredding Egos, One Semicolon at a Time. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  215. Web site: Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. March 14, 2013. Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  216. News: Isherwood. Charles. March 15, 2013. Underneath Pajamas, Naked Depression. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  217. Web site: A Time to Kill Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 20, 2013. A Time to Kill – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  218. News: Isherwood. Charles. October 21, 2013. Grisham's Tale Retold Onstage. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  219. Web site: Mothers and Sons Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. March 24, 2014. Mothers and Sons – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  220. News: Brantley. Ben. March 25, 2014. Paths That Crossed Cross Again. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  221. Web site: A Delicate Balance Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. November 20, 2014. A Delicate Balance – Broadway Play – 2014 Revival. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  222. News: Brantley. Ben. November 20, 2014. Pretty Crowded for an Empty Nest. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  223. Web site: Skylight Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 2, 2015. Skylight – Broadway Play – 2015 Revival. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  224. News: Brantley. Ben. April 3, 2015. Review: 'Skylight,' With Carey Mulligan and Bill Nighy, Opens on Broadway. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  225. Web site: The Gin Game Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 14, 2015. The Gin Game – Broadway Play – 2015 Revival. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  226. News: Isherwood. Charles. October 15, 2015. Review: James Earl Jones and Cicely Tyson Shuffle Emotions in 'The Gin Game'. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  227. Web site: Eclipsed Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. March 6, 2016. Eclipsed – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  228. News: Isherwood. Charles. March 7, 2016. Review: In 'Eclipsed,' a Captive Lupita Nyong'o Is Captivating. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  229. Web site: A Doll's House, Part 2 Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill. en.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 27, 2017. A Doll's House, Part 2 – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  230. News: Paulson. Michael. September 6, 2017. 'A Doll's House, Part 2' Is Closing on Broadway. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  231. Web site: March 23, 2018. Three Tall Women Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill.
    Web site: The Broadway League. March 29, 2018. Three Tall Women – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  232. News: Green. Jesse. March 30, 2018. Review: Glenda Jackson Gets Her Queen Lear Moment in 'Three Tall Women'. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  233. Web site: October 18, 2018. The Waverly Gallery Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 25, 2018. The Waverly Gallery – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  234. News: Brantley. Ben. October 26, 2018. Review: Elaine May Might Break Your Heart in 'Waverly Gallery'. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  235. Web site: April 9, 2019. Hillary and Clinton Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill.
    Web site: The Broadway League. April 18, 2019. Hillary and Clinton – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  236. News: Paulson. Michael. June 17, 2019. 'Hillary and Clinton' to End Broadway Run Early. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  237. Web site: September 1, 2019. Slave Play Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. November 23, 2021. Playbill.
    Web site: The Broadway League. October 6, 2019. Slave Play – Broadway Play – Original. November 23, 2021. IBDB.
  238. News: Green. Jesse. October 7, 2019. Review: 'Slave Play,' Four Times as Big and Just as Searing. en-US. The New York Times. November 24, 2021. 0362-4331.
  239. Web site: The Broadway League . Thoughts of a Colored Man – Broadway Play – Original . IBDB . October 13, 2021 . April 24, 2022.
    Web site: Thoughts of a Colored Man (Broadway, John Golden Theatre, 2021) . Playbill . December 20, 2021 . April 24, 2022.
  240. Web site: Hangmen Broadway @ John Golden Theatre. February 13, 2022. Playbill.
    Web site: The Broadway League. Hangmen – Broadway Play – Original. February 13, 2022. IBDB.
    Web site: The Broadway League. Hangmen – Broadway Play – Original. July 26, 2022. IBDB.
  241. News: Green. Jesse. April 22, 2022. Review: 'Hangmen,' Offering the Last Word in Gallows Humor. en-US. The New York Times. April 24, 2022. 0362-4331.
  242. Web site: Topdog/Underdog (Broadway, John Golden Theatre, 2022) . Playbill . June 14, 2022 . July 17, 2022.
    Web site: The Broadway League . Topdog / Underdog – Broadway Play – 2022 Revival . IBDB . July 17, 2022.
  243. News: Green. Jesse. October 21, 2022. Review: In 'Topdog/Underdog,' Staying Alive Is the Ultimate Hustle. en-US. The New York Times. October 21, 2022. 0362-4331.
  244. Web site: The Broadway League . Prima Facie – Broadway Play – Original . IBDB . April 23, 2023 . April 24, 2023.
    Web site: Prima Facie (Broadway, John Golden Theatre, 2023) . Playbill . November 15, 2022 . April 24, 2023.
  245. News: Green. Jesse. April 24, 2023. Review: In 'Prima Facie,' Jodie Comer Makes the Case. en-US. The New York Times. April 24, 2023. 0362-4331.
  246. Web site: The Broadway League . The Shark Is Broken – Broadway Play – Original . IBDB . July 27, 2023.
    Web site: The Shark is Broken (Broadway, John Golden Theatre, 2023) . Playbill . April 25, 2023 . July 27, 2023.
  247. How 'The Shark Is Broken' Is Bringing 'Jaws' to Broadway . Vanity Fair . August 10, 2023 . August 11, 2023.
  248. Web site: The Broadway League . Stereophonic – Broadway Play – Original . IBDB . April 3, 2024.
    Web site: Stereophonic (Broadway, John Golden Theatre, 2024) . Playbill . January 17, 2024 . April 3, 2024.

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