| Honorific-Prefix: | Her Grace |
| The Duchess of Richmond and Lennox | |
| Birth Date: | 1622 |
| Parents: | George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham Katherine Manners, 19th Baroness de Ros |
| Spouse: | Charles Herbert, Lord Herbert James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond Colonel Thomas Howard |
| Children: | Esmé Stewart, 2nd Duke of Richmond Mary Butler, Countess of Arran |
Mary Stewart, Duchess of Richmond and Duchess of Lennox (1622 - 1685), formerly Lady Mary Villiers, was the daughter of the George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Katherine Manners, Baroness de Ros.
On 8 January 1634, at the age of 12, she married the 15-year-old Charles, Lord Herbert, eldest son of the 4th Earl of Pembroke and 1st Earl of Montgomery, but was widowed in 1635 when her young husband died of smallpox or perhaps petechiae.[1] On 3 August 1637, she married the 4th Duke of Lennox, who was created Duke of Richmond in 1641. They had two children:
Sometime before 1664, Mary married Colonel Thomas Howard (d. 1678): he was a younger brother of Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle, and is chiefly remembered for his duel in 1662 with Henry Jermyn, 1st Baron Dover.
Maureen E. Mulvihill has built a case for Mary Villiers as the author of the poems published under the pseudonym Ephelia, including Female Poems...by Ephelia (1679).
In October 1670 the duchess, with the queen, and her friend the Duchess of Buckingham decided to go to a fair near Audley End disguised as country women for a "merry frolic", dressed in red petticoats and waistcoats. The costumes were outlandish rather than convincing, and they began to draw a crowd, when they tried to buy stockings and gloves their speech was also conspicuous. A member of the crowd recognised the duchess from a dinner she had attended. The party returned followed by as many people at the fair as had horses.[2]
Mary is the subject of several paintings by Anthony van Dyck as well as a portrait with her children by John Michael Wright.