| Martos | |
| Settlement Type: | Municipality |
| Nickname: | La ciudad de la Peña |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Spain |
| Subdivision Type1: | Autonomous community |
| Subdivision Name1: | Andalusia |
| Subdivision Type2: | Province |
| Subdivision Name2: | Jaén |
| Subdivision Type3: | Comarca |
| Subdivision Name3: | Metropolitana |
| Subdivision Type4: | Judicial district |
| Subdivision Name4: | Martos |
| Coordinates: | 37.7167°N -61°W |
| Elevation M: | 753 |
| Area Total Km2: | 259.10 |
| Population Demonym: | Marteño/a, tuccitano/a |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Official language(s) |
| Timezone: | CET |
| Utc Offset: | +1 |
| Timezone Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset Dst: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 23600 |
| Area Code Type: | Dialing code |
| Area Code: | (+34) 953 55 XX XX (+34) 953 70 XX XX |
| Leader Title: | Alcalde |
| Leader Name: | Emilio Torres Velasco (2022) |
| Leader Party: | PSOE |
Martos is a city in the province of Jaén in the autonomous community of Andalusia in south-central Spain.
It has a population of 24271 inhabitants, making Martos the fifth largest municipality in the province. The city is located on a western peak of the Sierra Jabalcuz mountain range.It belongs to the metropolitan Area of Jaén, of which it is considered to be the second most important city after the capital.
Its economy is based on agriculture, in particular the cultivation of the olive tree. Also important are various industries, especially those related to the treatment of plastic.
The city has been linked to the Roman settlement of Colonia Augusta Gemella, and starting in the 8th century was ruled by the Moors under various Islamic states for over 500 years. In 1225, King Ferdinand III of Castile and Leon were handed the city from Al Bayyasi in exchange for helping Al Bayyasi in his war against the Almohads in Andalusia. Subsequently, Ferdinand III incorporated it into his kingdom.
During the Middle Ages, Martos became a strategic place, and its defences were reinforced with the construction of numerous fortifications in the city.
At the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century, Martos underwent significant economic and urban development (reflected in the city's architecture), in large part due to the wealth derived from the industrial production of olive oil. Martos thus became one of the most prosperous cities of eastern Andalusia.
Around 250 AD, a bishopric was established in present Martos under the name Tucci, on territory from the suppressed Diocese of Iliturgi. It was a suffragan of the Metropolitan Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sevilla. In 350, it lost territory to establish the Diocese of Cástulo (now also a titular see), which it regained at that bishopric's suppression around 400.
In 715, it was suppressed to establish the Diocese of Beaza.
Recorded bishops are
Olives still play an important part in the local economy, but industry an increasingly big part as well, including plastics, the auto industry, metallurgy, the construction of roads, etc. Many local firms support French multinational Valeo’s local production.
Among the numerous festivals carried out in the city it is necessary to highlight:
Considered of tourist interest of Andalusia.
Principal festival. August
On July 29
The most important club is Martos CD.