Chrysophyllum Explained

Chrysophyllum is a group of trees in the Sapotaceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753.^{[1] [2]}

The genus is native to the tropical Americas, from Mexico to northern Argentina, including the Caribbean. One species, C. oliviforme, extends north to southern Florida.^{[3] [4]}

Description

Chrysophyllum members are usually tropical trees, often growing rapidly to 10–20 m or more in height. The leaves are oval, 3–15 cm long, green above, densely golden pubescent below, from which the genus is named.^[5] The flowers are small (3–8 mm), purplish white and have a sweet fragrant smell; they are clustered several together, and are hermaphroditic (self fertile). The fruit is edible; round, usually purple skinned (sometimes greenish-white), often green around the calyx, with a star pattern in the pulp; the flattened seeds are light brown and hard. The fruit skin is chewy like gum, and contrary to some reports, is edible. ^{[6] [7]}

Species

Currently accepted species include:^[4]

Formerly included^[4]

• Donella ambrensis Aubrév. (as C. ambrense (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
• Donella analalavensis Aubrév. (as C. analalavense (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
• Donella bangweolensis (R.E.Fr. & Pellegr.) Mackinder (as C. bangweolense R.E.Fr. & Pellegr.)
• Donella capuronii (G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.) Mackinder & L.Gaut. (as C. capuronii G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
• Donella delphinensis Aubrév. (as C. delphinense (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
• Donella fenerivensis Aubrév. (as C. fenerivense (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
• Donella guereliana (Aubrév.) Mackinder (as C guerelianum (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
• Donella masoalensis Aubrév. (as C. masoalense (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
• Donella perrieri Lecomte (as C. perrieri (Lecomte) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
• Donella pruniformis (Engl.) Pierre ex Engl. (as C. pruniforme Engl.)
• Donella viridifolia (J.M.Wood & Franks) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. viridifolium J.M.Wood & Franks)
• Donella ubangiensis (De Wild.) Aubrév. (as C. ubangiense (De Wild.) Govaerts)
• Englerophytum longepedicellatum (De Wild.) L.Gaut. (as C. longifolium De Wild.)
• Englerophytum magalismontanum (Sond.) T.D.Penn. (as C. magalismontanum Sond.)
• Englerophytum oblanceolatum (S.Moore) T.D.Penn. (as C. tessmannii Engl. & K.Krause)
• Gambeya africana - (A.DC.) Pierre (as C. africanum A.DC.)
• Gambeya albida (G.Don) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. albidum G.Don)
• Gambeya azaguieana (J.Miège) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. azaguieanum J.Miège)
• Gambeya beguei (Aubrév. & Pellegr.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. beguei (Aubrév. & Pellegr.) Aubrév. & Pellegr.)
• Gambeya boiviniana Pierre (as C. boivinianum (Pierre) Baehni)
• Gambeya boukokoensis Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. boukokoense (Aubrév. & Pellegr.) L.Gaut.)
• Gambeya gigantea (A.Chev.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. giganteum A.Chev.)
• Gambeya gorungosana (Engl.) Liben (as C. gorungosanum Engl.)
• Gambeya lacourtiana (De Wild.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. lacourtianum De Wild.)
• Gambeya lungi (De Wild.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. lungi De Wild.)
• Gambeya muerensis (Engl.) Liben (as C. muerense Engl.)
• Gambeya taiensis (Aubrév. & Pellegr.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. taiense Aubrév. & Pellegr.)
• Jacquinia arborea Vahl (as C. barbasco Loefl.)
• Micropholis rugosa (Sw.) Pierre (as C. rugosum Sw.)
• Palaquium philippense (Perr.) C.B.Rob. (as C. philippense Perr.)
• Pouteria alnifolia (Baker) Roberty (as C. alnifolium Baker)
• Pouteria gardneri (Mart. & Miq.) Baehni (as C. gardneri Mart. & Miq.)
• Pouteria macrophylla (Lam.) Eyma (as C. macrophyllum Lam.)
• Pouteria reticulata (Engl.) Eyma (as C. reticulatum Engl.)
• Pradosia brevipes (Pierre) T.D.Penn. (as C. soboliferum Rizzini)
• Pradosia lactescens (Vell.) Radlk. (as C. burahem Riedel)

Notes and References

1. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358211#page/204/mode/1up Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 192
2. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40008631 Tropicos, Chrysophyllum L.
3. http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-4000008232 Chrysophyllum L.
4. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325770-2 Chrysophyllum L.
5. The generic name is derived from the Greek words χρυσός (chrysos), meaning "gold," and φυλλον (phyllos), meaning "leaf." See Book: Quattrocchi, Umberto . CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names . I A-C . 2000 . CRC Press . 978-0-8493-2675-2 . 534.
6. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=107005 Flora of North America Vol. 8 Page 245 Cainito Chrysophyllum Linnaeus
7. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=107005 Flora of China, Vol. 15 Page 208 金叶树属 jin ye shu shu Chrysophyllum Linnaeus