Martin Lluelyn Explained

Martin Lluelyn (1616–1682) (alias Llewellin), an English-language and Latin poet, Royalist officer, college President at Oxford, royal Physician Extraordinary and Mayor of High Wycombe, was born in London but became associated with Oxford and Buckinghamshire.[1] [2]

Origins

Although Lluelyn's family background has been thought elusive, his probable descent was from a family of civic prominence in the city of Wells, Somerset, during the Elizabethan era.[3] Maurice Llewellen (also spelled "Fludkyn"), who had some connection with people of the same name in Pucklechurch, Gloucestershire, was admitted to the freedom of the city in 1550 and served twice as Mayor, or Master, in 1553-54 and in 1555-56, and was MP for the city in the fourth Marian Parliament, October 1555.[4] In May 1554, under his Maistry, Queen Mary granted a Charter for the renewal of worship at the civic church of St Cuthbert's, Wells; Elizabeth re-granted, citing this, in 1581.[5] [6] By his will, written and proved in 1568, Maurice provided for his wife Eme, his son Thomas and grandsons Henry ("Harry") and Morrys.[7] Thomas was sworn a burgess of Wells in 1564, and was a member of a deputation to the bishop of Bath and Wells in 1572 to represent the city's chartered rights.

Thomas and his wife were still living in 1614 when their son Henry died, by his will leaving them a lifetime occupancy of his house in Wells. Henry referred to his brothers Morrishe, Martin and William, and his sister Marie Moore, whose husband William Moore he appointed to be his executor. Moore's children Ann, Elizabeth Cannington, Bridget Murrye and Marie Beaumont (with her son William), and also Henry's brother Martin's children, are mentioned.[8] By his will, Henry Lewellin left money to the Wells Corporation[9] for proposed almshouses for six poor women. A very respectable monument was raised to him in St Cuthbert's Church, Wells in coloured marbles, with a kneeling portrait figure in an arched surround beneath a tinctured entablature, with obelisks and Corinthian columns, surmounted by a large armorial escutcheon, the shield displaying Argent, a lion rampant sable, langued gules, crowned or.[10] The escutcheon also shows a mantled crest of a Cornish chough perched on a rock.

However, as an amendment to the probate in the Canterbury Prerogative Court (Lawe Register) shows, by 1632 William Moore had died leaving the administration of Henry's estate incomplete, and on 9 December 1632 that responsibility was officially assigned to Maurice and Martin Lluellin, brothers of the testator Henry.[11] Maurice, however, a very early investor in the East India Company who was a merchant citizen and Leatherseller of London,[12] died in 1634/35, making a will which leaves no doubt that he was Henry's brother, leaving gifts to Martin Lluelyn's and Ann Moore's children.[13] The almshouses at Priest's Row in Wells were finally established in 1636.[14]

Martin Lluelyn the Physician-poet was born 12 December 1616, one of the many sons born between 1606 and 1623 of Martin Llewellin of London,[15] and christened at St Bartholomew-the-Less, Smithfield, on 22 December following.[16] [17] That he was the son of Martin Llewellin the Steward of St Bartholomew's Hospital in London[18] (in office 1599-1634) is confirmed by the entry in the Donor's Book of Christ Church, Oxford, recording the donation in 1634 by William and Martin Lluellin of the celebrated Atlas of the East[19] made around 1598 by their father Martin, citizen of London.

The Atlas was apparently based on the elder Martin's personal observations taken during the maritime expedition of Cornelis de Houtman in 1595-1597. Recognized in 1975 as the earliest known sea-atlas made by an Englishman, it was produced on the eve of the foundation of the East India Company and illustrates the sea-routes and lands from the Cape of Good Hope to Java and Japan.[20] Llewellen's Stewardship of St Bartholomew's began soon after the return of Houtman's voyage and kept him occupied in London until his death in 1634: during that time various detailed plans of, or for, the Hospital were produced in the same hand as the atlas.[21] The elder Martin was buried at St Bartholomew-the-Less.

Education

Martin the poet and physician attended Westminster School as a foundation scholar.[22] [23] Although sources (old and new) agree that he was born in 1616, Foster's Alumni Oxonienses (compiled from the University admission registers) states his age as 18 on his matriculation at Christ Church, Oxford on 25 July 1636. Despite this anomaly, it appears that he was aged 16 at the time of his father's death and the donation to Christ Church of his father's remarkable Atlas, in which he acted with his elder brother. At Westminster School he was about four years junior to William Cartwright (1611-1643), a brilliant student of his time, poet, orator and philosopher, who proceeded to a studentship at Christ Church in 1628, and matriculated in February 1631/32 aged 20.

Lluelyn received the degree of BA in July 1640 and MA in May 1643, but continued his studentship at Christ Church through the period of the King's residence there, and the sieges of 1643-1646, until 1648. It was in 1646 that his poems first appeared as a collected volume, Men-Miracles. With Other Poemes, in the edition printed in Oxford by Henry Hall.[24] Several poems are overtly dated between 1640 and 1645, and others are shown to belong to that period either by reference to the wars or to the deaths of named persons. Among the latter, however, his Elegie on the death of Sir Horatio Vere[25] could be as early as 1635, and quite possibly some of the humorous verses, lyrics and lines addressed to various ladies (found in the earlier pages of the book) are youthful productions. Certainly his Latin poem Reginarum optima, ignoscas tandem agresti Lucinae addressed to Queen Henrietta Maria, in the Oxford collection Musarum Oxoniensium Charisteria published in 1638[26] shows already a facility of style and metre, linguistic proficiency and maturity of voice quite equal to other contributions, including those of his friends William Cartwright and Edward Gray in the same volume.

Civil War and Commonwealth period

While Lluelyn was a student in Oxford the Civil War broke out, during which the king removed from London and made Christ Church, Oxford the base of his operations. Oxford was besieged three times by the Parliamentary forces, in 1644, 1645 and 1646. Lluelyn's sympathies were with the Royalists, and he took up arms on the king's behalf, as his memorial inscription at High Wycombe described:

"Sæviente civili bellis incendio (dum Oxonium præsidio muniebatur) cohorti academicorum fideli præfectus erat adversus ingruentem rebellium ferociam."
"In the fierce conflagration of the civil wars, when Oxford was garrisoned, he was captain of the loyal company of academics against the ferocious onset of the rebels."

During the king's midwinter stays at Oxford in 1643 to 1645 Lluelyn wrote carols ("Sacred poems") which were sung before the king at Christmas, New Year (Circumcision (feast day)) and Twelfth Day (Epiphany). The title-poem of his 1646 collection, "Men-Miracles",[27] is a satire in Hudibrastic vein and metre upon the traveller's tales of Mandeville and others, but especially of Tom Coryate.[28] It is followed by a group of shorter comic pieces,[29] several of which were sufficiently popular to be included among the additions to Wit's Recreations (1640), in Sir John Mennes's Facetiae (1656).[30] There are also various serious elegies, occasional poems dedicated to dignitaries, a satire against the rebels, and the group of carols sung before the king at Oxford. It carried a dedicatory epistle "To the Most Illustrious James Duke of Yorke", who spent most of the period 1642 to 1646 in Oxford. The work is explicitly Royalist, not merely in tone but in content, as de Groot's study usefully demonstrates.[31]

On 5 May 1646 the last dramatic production in Oxford before the city surrendered to the Roundheads was the play, The King found at Southwell, which survived anonymously in a unique copy but is evidently by Lluelyn.[32] [33] In 1648 Lluelyn was ejected from his studentship by the Parliamentarian Visitors. He then removed to London, where he practised as a physician. At about this time he made his first marriage, and a son and daughter were born to him. In 1653 the University of Oxford awarded him the degree of MD, and in 1659 he was elected a Fellow of the College of Physicians.

Restoration

Following the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660 he composed poetry in honour of King Charles II (1660–1685), by whom he was appointed his personal Physician Extraordinary.[34] In 1660 he was appointed principal of St Mary Hall, Oxford. The king also appointed him one of the commissioners for the regulation of the university. Now a widower, in August 1662 he made his second marriage taking a 24-year-old bride from Penn, Buckinghamshire,[35] who brought him three further sons and two more daughters. In 1664 he moved his residence to High Wycombe in Buckinghamshire, resumed his practice as a physician. He entered civic life as mayor of that town (1671): somewhat dramatically, at the mayor's feast at the end of his term his elected successor died suddenly before leaving the inn.[36] During that term the 20 cwt bell, no. 5 of the old 6-bell chime, was cast with an inscription naming him: the bells were re-cast in a set of eight in 1711.[37] He served as a JP for the county, "in which office he behaved himself severe against the fanatics".[38]

Literary career

As a student at Christ Church, Oxford he wrote various plays including one staged in 1661 during a visit to the university by King Charles II.[39] However all his surviving published works are of poetry.

List of works

Lluelyn contributed a poem Reginarum optima, ignoscas tandem agresti Lucinae to the 1638 Oxford collection Musarum Oxoniensium Charisteria,[40] [41] and his friend Edward Gray also contributed.

His Elegie on the death of Sir Bevile Grenville appeared first in the 1643 Oxford volume of verses in honour of the Royalist commander Sir Bevil Grenville (died 1643) slain at the Battle of Lansdown,[42] and then among the elegies in Men-Miracles in 1646. In the London reprint of the Oxford Verses of 1684 only the final 8 lines of the poem appeared (p. 16),[43] but the full elegy[44] also appeared in Alexander Brome's 1662 collection Rump.[45] The short extract from the poem is inscribed on Grenville's mural monument erected in 1714 at Kilkhampton, Cornwall.[46]

There is a copy of verses by him prefixed to Cartwright's Plays and Poems (1651), and he seems to have taken a leading part in the presentation of plays at Christ Church, as in the minor poems appended to his ‘Men Miracles’ (p. 80) is one addressed "to Dr. F[ell], Deane of Ch. Ch. ... when I presented him a Play". Another poem, probably written about 1640 and published with Men Miracles is addressed to "Lord B. on presenting him with a play". It is, however, argued that these dramatic compositions were a customary part of the completion of a degree, were possibly never performed, but were presented in written form to a respected dedicatee. Several such examples of "degree plays" survive in manuscript from St John's College, Oxford in this period.[52]

Marriage and children

Lluelyn married twice:

Death and burial

He died on 17 March 1681/2 and was buried in the north aisle of the chancel of High Wycombe parish church. His grave was covered with a black marble stone inscribed with a Latin epitaph written by his friend the Revd. Isaac Milles (1638–1720), vicar of High Wycombe. This is mentioned in Milles's Life, where it is written, "there was none that he kept a fairer and more intimate Correspondence with, than with an eminent and very learned Physitian, Dr Martin LLuellyn, who lived in Wiccomb all the time Mr Milles was Vicar of it... He was a Man of singular Integrity of Life and Manners, and of the most comely and decent Gravity and Deportment..." When Milles left Wycombe in 1681, "with none did Mr. Milles part with more Reluctancy, or was parted with, with greater Regret, than with Dr. LLuellyn and his family, from whom Mr. Milles had found all the Friendship and Respect that he could expect."[66]

Arms

The tombstone also exhibited a coat of arms featuring a lion rampant crowned (for Lluellyn), impaling a lion rampant inter 8 croslets, ... within a bordure ermine. (Note that John Aubrey described the distaff or sinister impaled coat as showing a hand in the lion's mouth.[67]) The arms of the Lluellyn family of South Witham, Lincolnshire, are given in Burke's Armory as Argent, a lion rampant sable ducally crowned or, with the crest On a rock proper a Cornish chough also proper. (Burke associates the date 1654).[68] This is the same crest which appears surmounting similar arms on the tomb of Henry Lluellyn the almshouse-patron of Wells in 1614 (image above). The pedigree of Halford of South Witham, Lincolnshire shows that Martin Lluellyn (eldest son of Dr Martin Lluellyn) married Elizabeth daughter and coheir of Charles Halford not before 1675; the South Witham inheritance came from her mother's side, the Michell family. Upon these statements, the family of Dr Lluellyn bore these arms prior to the marriage by which his senior descendants became settled at South Witham. The arms in this way provide supporting evidence that the family of Dr Lluellyn was, during the seventeenth century, thought to descend from the Lluellyn family of Wells.

Sources

Notes and References

  1. A. à Wood, ed. P. Bliss, 'Martin Llewellyn, Lluellyn or Lluelyn', Athenae Oxonienses, with the Fasti (Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor and Jones, London 1820), IV, cols 42-45 (Internet Archive).
  2. R. Wallerstein, 'Martin Lluelyn, Cavalier and "Metaphysical",' The Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 35, no. 1 (January 1936), pp. 94-111.
  3. INA, 'The Family of Llewellyn', Notes and Queries. A Medium of inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc, 3rd series, vol. 1: January-June 1862 (Bell and Daldy, London 1862), January 11 1862, p. 28 (Internet Archive).
  4. M.K. Dale, 'Llewellyn (FFleuellyan, FFlewellyn, Fuellen, Fludkyn), Morris, by 1522-1568, of Wells, Somerset', in S.T. Bindoff (ed.), The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1509-1558 (from Boydell and Brewer, 1982), The History of Parliament Online.
  5. T. Serel, Historical Notes on the Church of St Cuthbert, in Wells (etc.) (J.M. Atkins and F.M. Beauchamp, Wells 1875), pp. 58-59 and p. 61 (Internet Archive).
  6. Serel recites Letters Patent dated 17 May 1554, from Calendar of Patent Rolls, Philip and Mary, I: 1553-1554 (HMSO, London 1937), p. 192 (Hathi Trust).
  7. Will of Morrys Lluellen, Gentleman of Wells, Somerset (P.C.C. 1568, Babington quire).
  8. Will of Henry Llewellin, Gentleman of Wells, Somerset (P.C.C. 1614, Lawe quire).
  9. Serel, Notes on the Church of St Cuthbert, p. 78 (Internet Archive).
  10. J. Collinson and E. Rack, The History and Antiquities of the County of Somerset, 3 vols (C. Dilly, G.J. and J. Robinson, T. Longman and T. Payne, London 1791), pp. 405-08 (Internet Archive). Collinson blazons only Or, a lion rampant, sable.
  11. "Decimo nono die mensis decembris Ano dni 1632 emanavit Commissio Mauricio Lluellin et Martino Lluellin fratribus dicti Henrici Lluellini defuncti ad administrand (etc.)"
  12. E. Kadens, 'The dark side of reputation', Cardozo Law Review vol. 40, issue 5 (2019), pp. 1995-2027 (cardozolawreview.com pdf), at pp. 2011-2013 and p. 2022 (with references there cited), discussing The National Archives (UK), Campe v. Lluellyn (1610), Star Chamber Complaint STAC 8/105/5 (Discovery catalogue).
  13. Will of Maurice Lluellyn, Gentleman of London (PCC 1635, Sadler quire).
  14. A.J. Scrase, Wells, A Small City (Tempus, Stroud 2006).
  15. K., '130. Llewellin family of Wells',in F.W. Weaver and C.H. Mayo (eds), Notes and Queries for Somerset and Dorset, II (Sherborne 1891), pp. 162-63 (Internet Archive).
  16. Llewellin, Martin, in J. Foster (ed.), Alumni Oxonienses 1500-1714 (Oxford University Press 1891), pp. 920-21. See in British History Online.
  17. C.C. Doyle, 'Lluelyn, Martin (1616-1682), poet and physician', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford 2004, online 2009); superseding T. Seccombe, in old DNB.
  18. N. Moore, The History of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 2 vols (London 1918), II, pp. 229-30 (Internet Archive).
  19. Christchurch, Oxford, MS 709.
  20. 'Description', in "Martin Llewellyn's Atlas of the East" (with full digital survey) at Digital Bodleian site with Christchurch, Oxford, archives access link.
  21. T. Campbell, 'Atlas Pioneer', Geographical Magazine, 48 part 3 (December 1975), pp. 162-67; T. Campbell, 'Martin Llewellyn's Atlas of the East: a mystery partly unravelled', Christ Church Library Newsletter 5, 2 (Hilary 2009), pp, 1, 7-10.
  22. Welch, Alumni Westmonasterienses (1798), p. 109.
  23. G.F. Russell Barker and A.H. Stenning (comp.), The Record of Old Westminsters, 2 vols (The Chiswick Press, London 1928), II, at p.585 (Hathi Trust).
  24. M[artin] Ll[uelyn], Men-Miracles. With Other Poemes ([H. Hall, Oxford] 1646). Full page views at Internet Archive.
  25. https://archive.org/details/bim_early-english-books-1641-1700_men-miracles-with-other_llewellyn-martin_1646/page/122/mode/2up?view=theater pp. 122-23
  26. Musarum Oxoniensium Charisteria pro Serenissima Regina Maria (Oxford 1638), quarto, unpaginated: full page scans at Internet Archive.
  27. M[artin] Ll[uelyn], Men-Miracles ([H. Hall, Oxford] 1646). Full page views at Internet Archive.
  28. T. Seccombe, 'Lluelyn, Martin', Dictionary of National Biography (1885–1900), Vol. 33.
  29. One example, a spirited and humorous fishing-song, is given in Sir Egerton Brydges's Censura Literaria: containing titles, abstracts and opinions of old English books, 10 vols (Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, London 1805-1809), X, p. 131.
  30. Seccombe, citing J. Mennis and J. Smith, Facetiae. Musarum Deliciae, or the Muses Recreation, 2 vols (John Camden Hotten, London 1874 edition), II, p. 378.
  31. J.E.G. de Groot, Royalist Identities, Early Modern Literature in History Series (Palgrave Macmillan, with Renaissance Texts Research Centre, University of Reading; Basingstoke and New York 2004), passim (ndl.ethernet.edu.et pdf). Search terms: Lluellyn, Lluelyn.
  32. British Museum (now British Library), Thomason Tract E. 336, as cited in Cutts, 'Martin Llewellyn and "Wickham Wakened",' at note 14. For attribution, see de Groot, Royalist Identities.
  33. A work of this title and date in the Stourhead collection is published in the name of F. Loyd of Christ Church Oxford, cf. Catalogue of the Hoare Library at Stourhead, Co. Wilts. (John Bowyer Nichols and Son, London 1840), p. 47, Oxfordshire, no. 17 (Internet Archive).
  34. 'Martin Llewellyn, M.D.', in W. Munk, The Roll of the Royal College of Physicians of London, Vol. I: 1518-1700 (Longman, Green, Longman and Roberts, London 1861), pp. 275-76 (Google).
  35. 'Llewellyn, Martin (signed Lluelyn)', in J. Foster (ed.), London Marriage Licences, 1521-1869 (Bernard Quaritch, London 1887), col. 851 (Internet Archive).
  36. R.S. Downe, 'The parish church of High Wycombe (fourth notice)', in J. Parker (ed.), Records of Buckinghamshire, with Buckinghamshire Architectural and Archaeological Society Proceedings VIII (Aylesbury 1903), pp. 249-75, at pp. 256-57 (Internet Archive).
  37. J. Parker, The Early History and Antiquities of Wycombe in Buckinghamshire (Butler & Son, Wycombe 1878), pp. 108-09 (Internet Archive), citing church ledgers vol. 2.
  38. 'Introduction', in R.W. Greaves (ed.), The First Ledger Book of High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire Record Society Vol. 11 (1956, for 1947), pp. ix-xix, passim and pp. 297-350 passim (Buckinghamshire Record Society pdf). Search term: Lluellyn.
  39. When Charles II visited Oxford in July 1661 a play was made by ‘Dr. Llewellyn’ (M.A.E. Green (ed.), Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, Charles II XXXIX: 1661 (London 1861), p. 32 (Internet Archive).
  40. Musarum Oxoniensium Charisteria pro Serenissima Regina Maria (Oxford 1638), quarto, unpaginated: full page scans at Internet Archive.
  41. cf. E. Brydges, Restituta: or, Titles, Extracts, and Characters of Old Books in English Literature, Revived, 4 vols (Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London 1814), I, p.146.
  42. Verses by the University of Oxford on the death of the most noble and right valiant Sir Bevill Grenvill, alias Granvill, Kt. who was slain by the rebells at the battle on Lansdown-Hill near Bathe, July the 5, 1643 (Oxford, 1643).
  43. Fulltext at Umich/eebo, p. 16.
  44. As reprinted in Bliss's edition of Wood's Athenae Oxonienses, IV, columns 43-44, at note 5 (Internet Archive).
  45. A. Brome (comp.), Rump, or, An exact collection of the choycest poems and songs relating to the late times by the most eminent wits from anno 1639 to anno 1661 (Henry Brome and Henry Marsh, London 1662), fulltext at pp. 165-67 (Umich/eebo).
  46. D.Lysons and S. Lysons, 'Kilkhampton', in Magna Britannia, III: Cornwall (T. Cadell and W. Davies, London 1814), pp. 163-67, at p. 166 (Google).
  47. M. Lluellen, Men-Miracles, with other Poems, on several subjects (Peter Parker, London 1679). Full page-scans at Internet Archive.
  48. W. Harvey, Anatomical Exercitations:concerning the generation of living creatures (James Young for Octavian Pulleyn, London 1653), at sig. a(v), a2, a3, a4(r) (Internet Archive).
  49. C. Bennet, Tabidorum theatrum: sive Phtisios, atrophiae et hecticae xenodochium, Latin edition (London 1656).
  50. Martin Lluelyn
  51. J.P. Cutts, 'Martin Llewellyn and "Wickham Wakened, / or, / The Quakers Madrigall / in Rime Dogrell",' Neuphilologische Mitteilungen (Modern Language Society), Vol. 76, No. 3 (1975), pp. 448-456.
  52. J.R. Elliott, 'Notes: Degree Plays', Oxoniensia, Journal of the Oxfordshire Architectural and Historical Society LIII (1988), pp.341-42 (Oxoniensia.org pdf).
  53. The first wife was Lettice Carrill, widow of Isaack Tully, silkman, citizen and Mercer (Will PCC 1648, Essex quire), and daughter of Elizabeth Aungier (daughter of the first Baron Aungier of Longford) by Elizabeth's first husband, Simon Carrill of Great Tangley, Wonersh, Surrey (who died in 1619). See Will of Elizabeth Machell of Wonersh, Surrey (PCC 1650, Pembroke quire), which refers to son-in-law Dr Llewellyn and his wife, her daughter Lettice. See also The National Archives (UK) Chancery suits, notably C 78/489 no. 16 (1641), C 10/44/233 (1652), C 78/666 no. 14 (1655).
  54. Seccombe, citing R.P. Mahaffy (ed.), Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, Anne, vol. II: 1703-4 (HMSO 1924), p.192 (Hathi Trust). See also pp. 200, 214, 285.
  55. 'Halford of South Witham', in A.R. Maddison (ed.), Lincolnshire Pedigrees, 4 vols, Harleian Society vols 50, 51, 52, 55 (1902-1906), II: G-O (London 1903), at pp. 438-39 (Internet Archive). See Will of Richard Halford of Edith Weston, Rutland (PCC 1675, Dycer quire), who names his grandchildren as beneficiaries.
  56. A.A. Hanham, 'Halford, Richard (1662-1742), of Edith Weston, Rutland', in D. Hayton, E. Cruickshanks and S. Handley (eds), The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1690-1715 (from Boydell and Brewer 2002), History of Parliament online.
  57. Monumental Inscription, recorded in Wood, ed. Bliss, Athenae Oxonienses, IV, col. 44 (Internet Archive).
  58. Will of Martha Llewellyne, widow of Chipping Wycombe (PCC 1728, Brook quire).
  59. 'Llewellin, Richard' in J. Foster (ed.), Alumni Oxonienses 1500–1714 (Oxford University Press 1891), pp. 920-21. See in British History Online.
  60. C. Burney, A General History of Music, 4 vols (Payne and Son, London 1789), III, at p. 505, note "u" (Internet Archive).
  61. 'Llewellin, George', in J. Foster (ed.), Alumni Oxonienses 1500-1714 (Oxford University Press 1891), pp. 920-21. See in British History Online.
  62. Clergy of the Church of England database, 'Llewellyn, George (1693-1712)', CCed Person ID: 52738, citing "Register of Bishop John Hough 1690-99", OCRO, MS Oxford Diocesan Papers, d. 106, and "Disbursement Book of the Dean and Chapter of Christ Church, Oxford", Christ Church Archives, xii.c.136 (Luellyn or Lluelling). (the clergy database)
  63. This account may be read in a notice of a different George Llewellyn: 'Sheriffs of Montgomeryshire. 1676 - George Llewelyn', Collections Historical and Archaeological relating to Montgomeryshire XXVII (Powys-land Club, London 1893), at pp. 373-76.
  64. "Records of London's Livery Companies online. Apprentices and Freemen 1400-1900", Event i.d. MCEW987 (Londonroll.org database).
  65. T. Langley, The History and Antiquities of the Hundred of Desborough and Deanery of Wycombe (R. Faulder, London 1797), pp. 48-49 (Internet Archive). Contains a full transcript of the memorial inscription.
  66. T. Milles, An Account of the Life and Conversation of the Reverend and Worthy Mr. Isaac Milles, Late Rector of Highcleer in Hampshire, 2 vols (W. and J. Innys, London 1721), I, pp. 43-45 and p. 72 (Google).
  67. A. Clark (ed.), "Brief Lives", Chiefly of Contemporaries, set down by John Aubrey, between the years 1669 and 1696, 2 vols (Clarendon Press, Oxford 1898), II, p. 36, note ** (Internet Archive): citing "Aubrey in Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 379v (25 September 1686)". Wood included Lluelyn's memorial inscription, but not the blazon.
  68. B. Burke, The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales. A Registry of Armorial Bearings from the Earliest to the Present Times (Harrison, London 1884), p. 616 col.1 (Internet Archive).

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