| Marlborough Royal Free Grammar School | |
| Coordinates: | 51.41°N -1.72°W |
| Motto: | "Non nobis solum" |
| Established: | [1] |
| Closed: | 1975 |
| Type: | grammar school |
| City: | Marlborough |
| County: | Wiltshire |
| Country: | England |
| Local Authority: | Wiltshire County Council |
| Lower Age: | 11 |
| Upper Age: | 18 |
Marlborough Royal Free Grammar School, previously known as Marlborough Grammar School and King Edward's School, Marlborough, was a grammar school in the town of Marlborough, in Wiltshire, England, founded in 1550.
Originally for boys only, the school became co-educational in 1906. Over a period of more than four hundred years, it had a number of homes around Marlborough. In 1975 it was closed, and its final buildings were re-used for the new St John's Marlborough comprehensive school.
The Dissolution of Colleges Act 1547 closed all of the Kingdom of England's chantries, including the Hospital of St John, Marlborough. The town's burgesses then petitioned the Crown for the hospital to be converted into a "'Free-scole for the inducement of youth", and by letters patent dated 18 October 1550 a grammar school was established.[2] [3] The former hospital thus became the school's first home, but in 1578 it was demolished and a new building was erected which provided a schoolroom, a house for the schoolmaster, and dormitories. This survived until 1790.[2]
The school was sometimes known as King Edward's School, Marlborough, in memory of King Edward VI,[4] but in the course of the 18th century it began to be known as Marlborough Grammar School.[5]
In 1834 a Charity Commissioners' report called the school the "Free Grammar School" and found that its original purpose was to teach Greek, Latin, and the church catechism, and that the governing body was the Corporation of Marlborough. Fourteen boys were then being taught the prescribed subjects without the payment of fees, but had to pay for other subjects. There were also twenty-six "pay-scholars", including some boarders.[6]
In 1853 the school survived a proposal by Earl Bruce to amalgamate it with the new Marlborough College.[7] During the nineteenth century it declined in numbers.[8]
In 1872, the school had endowments worth £248 a year, and there were five schoolmasters teaching 85 boys. Some 37 of those were "sons of persons resident three years in town" and so were on the foundation, paying fees of six guineas a year, while the rest were boarders paying between 45 and 50 guineas. The school was entitled to Exhibitions at Brasenose College, Oxford, two worth £52 a year and four worth £36, and to a smaller number at St John's College, Cambridge.[9]
By the 1890s the school had dwindled to six boys, taking intermittent lessons in a single room. The resignation of the headmaster in 1899 led to the closure of the school. In October 1905 it reopened in new buildings on the same site, known as Marlborough Grammar School, now taking the form of a mixed school for eighty boys and girls.[8] Two classrooms were added in 1932, and by 1938 there were 300 pupils. A larger site to the south of the town was bought in 1936, but war and the subsequent restrictions prevented any building work there. In 1947 a boarding-house for both sexes was established at Wye House.[2]
The school was eventually rehoused in 1962, in new buildings on the new site.[10] [5] In 1975, the school and the local secondary modern school, Marlborough Secondary Modern, were both closed, and a new comprehensive school, now called St John's Marlborough, was created and took over the buildings of both former schools. New school buildings were later built alongside those of the old grammar school, and the 1960s buildings were demolished in 2010.[11]
See also