| Marguerite Wood | |
| Birth Date: | 30 August 1887 |
| Nationality: | British |
| Alma Mater: | University of Edinburgh |
| Occupation: | Historian and Archivist |
Marguerite Wood (30 August 1887 – 19 August 1954)[1] was a Scottish historian and archivist who specialised in Scottish history. She served as Keeper of the Burgh Records of Edinburgh and was a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society and a member of the Scottish Records Advisory Council.
Marguerite Wood was born in Edinburgh on 30 August 1887. Her family had a strong interest in history: her great-grandfather John Philip Wood (1762–1838) published a history of Cramond and her paternal grandfather John George Wood (1804–65), was a member of an antiquarian society, the Spaulding Club. Her maternal grandfather was Hugh Lyon Tennent a founding member of the Edinburgh Calotype Club.
Wood studied French at the University of Edinburgh, gaining a master's degree in 1913. During the First World War, she served in the Women's Army Auxiliary Core (which became known as Queen Mary's Army Auxiliary Corp in 1918) in France. The actual dates of her service are not known, although there is some speculation that she may have joined following the death of her only brother at the Battle of Passchendaele in 1917[2] and she had returned to Edinburgh by 1920. At that time she resumed her historical studies under the supervision of Professor R. K. Hannay, Sir William Fraser Professor of Scottish History and Palaeography. This culminated in a two-volume edition of the foreign correspondence of Marie de Lorraine, mother of Mary, Queen of Scots, for which she was awarded a Ph.D. from the University of Edinburgh in 1925. This was an unusual achievement for a woman: only four women were awarded the Ph.D. in history from the University of Edinburgh prior to the Second World War.[3] Following the publication of the work by Edinburgh University Press, G. P. Insh, in his review, noted the value of her scholarship in situating 16th-century Scottish history within its European context.[4]
After completing her Ph.D., she was appointed to the Edinburgh Town Clerk's office, where she contributed to the Extracts from the Records of the Burgh of Edinburgh 1589–1603 by A. Grierson, published in 1927. She then became the Keeper of the Burgh Records of Edinburgh (now Edinburgh City Archives), continuing in this role until 1954.
During the summer of 1937 she "had the privilege of assisting Miss Grant [<nowiki/>[[Isabel Frances Grant]], founder of the Highland Folk Museum] in Am Fasgadh".[5]
The 1920s–30s was also a significant period in the development of Scottish archaeology and saw the publication of the first authoritative guidebooks to national heritage sites. James Richardson, Scotland's first Inspector of Ancient Monuments, invited Marguerite Wood to coauthor the first guidebook, to Edinburgh Castle, in 1929. Their collaboration proved successful, and they went on to develop guidebooks on Melrose Abbey and Dryburgh Abbey in 1932.
Wood was both a Member of the Scottish Records Advisory Council and a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society.