Margaret Hotchkiss Explained

Margaret Hotchkiss
Workplaces:University of Kentucky
Alma Mater:Yale University
Thesis Title:The influence of various salts upon the growth of bacterium communities
Thesis Url:https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/
Thesis Year:1922

Margaret Hotchkiss was a distinguished professor at the University of Kentucky. She is a microbiologist known for her work on bacteria in seawater and sewage, and fungi that cause disease. In 1957, she was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology.

Education and career

Hotchkiss grew up in Brooklyn, New York, and graduated from Packer Collegiate Institute and Vassar College. In 1922, Hotchkiss earned a Ph.D. from Yale University.[1] Hotchkiss worked at New York Medical College for seventeen years.[2] She also worked at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution as a visiting researcher, and was a bacteriologist at the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Department of Health in Paterson, New Jersey. In 1945 Hotchkiss joined the faculty at the University of Kentucky, where she was promoted to associate professor in 1946.[3] She later became the head of the mycology department at the University of Kentucky,[4] and was named a distinguished professor in 1962.[5] [6] Hotchkiss also served as the head of Sigma Xi, and the head of the Kentucky-Tennessee branch of the Society of American Bacteriologists.[7] [8] In 1964, Hotchkiss retired from teaching but continued conducting research.[9] [10]

Research

For her Ph.D., Hotchkiss investigated the positive and negative effects of cations on bacterial growth.[11] She then worked with Selman Waksman to assess whether bacteria in sea water could grow[12] and differences in data obtained from visual examination of bacteria compared to growth of bacteria on agar plates.[13] Her marine research included investigations into the nitrogen cycle mediated by bacteria in seawater,[14] and in 1946 she continued her interest in seawater bacteria when she reviewed Claude ZoBell's Marine Microbiology book.[15] Her subsequent research examined hexosidases in Escherichia coli,[16] and the bacterial community in Imhoff tanks[17] that are used for processing sewage.[18] Having become interested in fungi that cause disease while working in New York, she later published on the bacteria found in the human mouth,[19] and biomedical research on histoplasmosis[20] and Nocardia.[21] After retiring from teaching, she focused on using a precision microtome to slice through bacterial cells and investigated the internal structure of bacteria.[22] [23]

Selected publications

Awards and honors

In 1957, Hotchkiss was a elected a charter fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology.[24] In 1959, she was named to Who's Who to honor her contribution to education.[25] The University of Kentucky named her as the 1962-1963 distinguished professor.[26] She was elected a fellow of the New York Academy of Sciences.

Notes and References

  1. The influence of various salts upon the growth of bacterium communis . Yale University . 1922 . New Haven, Conn. . English . Margaret . Hotchkiss. 83820136.
  2. News: 1965-05-09 . Margaret Hotchkiss . 87 . Lexington Herald-Leader . 2022-03-05.
  3. News: 1946-06-05 . Appointment Listed . 2 . The Lexington Herald . 2022-03-05.
  4. News: 1960-05-01 . Chiropodists to elect today . 2 . The Lexington Herald . 2022-03-05.
  5. News: 1962-05-26 . Dr. Hotchkiss is selected UK distinguished professor . 1 . The Lexington Herald . 2022-03-05.
  6. News: 1962-05-26 . Dr. Hotchkiss . 10 . The Lexington Herald . 2022-03-05.
  7. News: 1948-10-26 . Dr. Hotchkiss to head bacteriology society . 15 . The Lexington Herald . 2022-03-05.
  8. News: 1963-04-03 . Encourage students to face change, Dr. Hotchkiss says . 15 . The Lexington Herald . 2022-03-05.
  9. News: 1964-01-20 . Dr. Hotchkiss, retiring, will continue research . 13 . Lexington Herald-Leader . 2022-03-05.
  10. News: 1964-01-20 . UK microbiologist says research work to continue . 6 . The Lexington Herald . 2022-03-05.
  11. Hotchkiss . Margaret . Studies on Salt Action Vi. The Stimulating and Inhibitive Effect of Certain Cations Upon Bacterial Growth . March 1923 . Journal of Bacteriology . 8 . 2 . 141–162 . 10.1128/jb.8.2.141-162.1923. 16558991 . 379008 .
  12. Waksman . Selman A. . Hotchkiss . Margaret . 1937 . Viability of Bacteria in Sea Water . Journal of Bacteriology . en . 33 . 4 . 389–400 . 10.1128/jb.33.4.389-400.1937 . 16560007 . 545103 . 0021-9193.
  13. Hotchkiss . Margaret . Waksman . Selman A. . 1936 . Correlative Studies of Microscopic and Plate Methods for Evaluating the Bacterial Population of the Sea . Journal of Bacteriology . en . 32 . 4 . 423–432 . 10.1128/jb.32.4.423-432.1936 . 16559963 . 543808 . 0021-9193.
  14. Waksman . Selman A. . Hotchkiss . Margaret . Carey . Cornelia L. . 1 October 1933 . Marine bacteria and their role in the cycle of life in the sea: II. bacteria concerned in the cycle of nitrogen in the sea . The Biological Bulletin . 65 . 2 . 137–167 . 10.2307/1537170 . 1537170 . 0006-3185. <ref> In sediments, she examined how bacteria change organic matter into carbon dioxide. <ref>Waksman . Selman A. . Hotchkiss . Margaret . 1937 . On the oxidation of organic matter in marine sediments by bacteria . Journal of Marine Research . 78 . 3 . 151–166 . 10.1357/002224020834162176. 2024-04-25 . 240184203 .
  15. Hotchkiss . Margaret . 1946 . ZoBell . Claude E. . Bacteria of the Ocean . The Scientific Monthly . 63 . 3 . 239–240 . 18892 . 0096-3771.
  16. Hotchkiss . Margaret . 1935 . Evidence on the Specificity of Hexosidases A Comparison of the Activity of Escherichia coli and Escherichia communior . Journal of Bacteriology . 29 . 4 . 391–398 . 10.1128/jb.29.4.391-398.1935 . 16559798 . 543607 . 0021-9193 . 9173572015.
  17. Hotchkiss . Margaret . Murray . T. J. . The Relative Prevalence of Bacteria in an Imhoff Tank . 1923 . American Journal of Public Health . en . 13 . 7 . 562–567 . 10.2105/AJPH.13.7.562 . 0271-4353 . 1354529 . 18010986.
  18. Hotchkiss . Margaret . Studies on the Biology of Sewage Disposal a Sprinkling Filter Bed and ITS Bacteriological Population . 1924 . Journal of Bacteriology . 9 . 5 . 455–461 . 10.1128/jb.9.5.455-461.1924 . 16559061 . 379072 . 0021-9193 . 9173591982.
  19. Book: Hotchkiss, Margaret . Review of current dental literature; Presence of fusiform bacilli and spirochetes in mouths of a group of young adults. . 1931 . Philadelphia : : S.S. White Dental Manufacturing Co. . English . 658038959.
  20. McClellan . James T. . Scherr . George H. . Hotchkiss . Margaret . 1951 . A clinical, pathological, and mycological study of a fatal case of histoplasmosis in an infant . Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata . en . 6 . 2 . 86–91 . 10.1007/BF02279181 . 14941019 . 35460355 . 0301-486X.
  21. Young . Barbara Burns . Hotchkiss . Margaret . 1959-11-01 . Developmental morphology in the genus nocardia . Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata . en . 11 . 4 . 297–310 . 10.1007/BF02089505 . 13846606 . 2900587 . 1573-0832.
  22. Edwards . O.F. . Hotchkiss . Margaret . 1963 . DEVELOPMENTAL CYCLE OF AEROBIC ACTINOMYCTETES AS DEMONSTRATED IN ULTRATHIN SECTIONS . Journal of Applied Physics . 34 . 8 . 2528 .
  23. Hotchkiss . Margaret . Edwards . O.F. . 1958 . THE MORPHOLOGICAL DETAILS OF NOCARDIA AS SEEN WITH THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE . The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene . 7 . 2 . 248 . 0002-9637.
  24. News: 1957-03-21 . UK Bacteriologists Selected For Honor . 10 . The Dawson Springs Progress . 2022-03-05.
  25. Web site: April 7, 1959 . Who's Who Names 11 UK Women . 2022-03-06 . The Kentucky Kernel.
  26. News: 1962-06-06 . Clipped From Auburn News . 4 . Auburn News . 2022-03-05.

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