| Marcel de Graaff | |
| Honorific-Suffix: | MEP |
| Office1: | Member of the European Parliament |
| Term Start1: | 1 February 2020 |
| Term End1: | 15 July 2024 |
| Term Start2: | 1 July 2014 |
| Term End2: | 1 July 2019 |
| Constituency2: | Netherlands |
| Office3: | Chair of Europe of Nations and Freedom |
| Term Start3: | 15 June 2015 |
| Term End3: | 1 July 2019 |
| Alongside3: | Marine Le Pen, Nicolas Bay |
| Predecessor3: | Position established |
| Office4: | Parliamentary leader of the Party for Freedom in the European Parliament |
| Term Start4: | 1 July 2014 |
| Term End4: | 1 July 2019 |
| Predecessor4: | Lucas Hartong[1] |
| Office5: | Parliamentary Leader of the Party for Freedom in the Senate |
| Term Start5: | 25 September 2012 |
| Term End5: | 10 June 2014 |
| Predecessor5: | Machiel de Graaf |
| Successor5: | Marjolein Faber |
| Office6: | Member of the Senate of the Netherlands |
| Term Start6: | 7 June 2011 |
| Term End6: | 1 July 2014 |
| Birthname: | M.J.R.L. de Graaff |
| Birth Date: | 7 April 1962 |
| Birth Place: | Rotterdam, Netherlands |
| Party: | Forum for Democracy (2022–present) |
| Alma Mater: | Radboud University Nijmegen |
| Otherparty: | Party for Freedom (2011–2022) |
M.J.R.L. "Marcel" de Graaff (in Dutch; Flemish ˈmɑrsɛl də ɣraːf/; born 7 April 1962) is a Dutch politician. He was a member of the Senate of the Netherlands for the Party for Freedom (PVV) from 2011 to 2014. He served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Netherlands in the periods 2014–2019 and 2020–2024. He was co-president of the Europe of Nations and Freedom, and he switched party affiliation to Forum for Democracy in his second term.
Marcel de Graaff was born on 7 April 1962 in Rotterdam.[2] De Graaff studied theology at the Radboud University Nijmegen between 1981 and 1988.[3]
De Graaff worked as a consultant for IT & Operations from 1 August 1989.[3] He was a teacher of religion at a secondary school in Rotterdam from 1 January 2010 until 1 July 2010.[2] He also was a manager for KPN telecommunications company.[4]
De Graaff was a member of the Senate of the Netherlands representing the Party for Freedom from 7 June 2011 until 1 July 2014. He was parliamentary group leader of the PVV in the Senate from 25 September 2012 until 10 June 2014.[2]
De Graaff was the top candidate of the PVV for the 2014 European Parliament elections.[5] He became Member of the European Parliament for the Netherlands per 1 July 2014. He has also become the parliamentary group leader of the PVV in the European Parliament since the beginning of his term as an MEP.[2]
In 2015, far-right MEPs founded the Europe of Nations and Freedom group. Marine Le Pen and De Graaff have been its first co-presidents since 15 June 2015.[6] On 28 October 2015, De Graaff voted multiple times for Le Pen in her absence, which is against the European Parliament's rules. Parliament president Martin Schulz withheld € 1,530 in allowances as a punitive measure.[7]
De Graaff was the PVV leader for the 2019 European Parliament election.[8] The party did not obtain any seats in the election.[9] His term in the European Parliament ended on 1 July 2019.[2] In February 2020 it was announced that because of Brexit the PVV would obtain a seat in the European Parliament, which was assigned to De Graaff.[10] He was appointed per 1 February 2020.[11]
In 2022, he defected to Thierry Baudet's Forum for Democracy (FvD) party after expressing support for its more hardline stance against the COVID-19 vaccine and criticising the PVV's pro-vaccine policies.[12] He was suspended from Identity and Democracy later that year, and he decided to leave the group on 22 October due to their differing stances towards Russia. He became a Non-Inscrit member of European Parliament.[13]
De Graaff was one of 16 MEPs who voted against condemning President Daniel Ortega of Nicaragua for human rights violations, in particular the arrest of Bishop Rolando Álvarez.[14] [15] He had also been one of 13 MEPs who voted against condemning the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[16] Nederlands Dagblad noted that De Graaff copied President Vladimir Putin's rhetoric in defense of the war. In a March 2024 debate in the European Parliament, he lauded Russia's sheltering of Ukrainians, and he claimed without evidence that Ukraine had been responsible for bombing hundreds of thousands of children and for supplying children for pedophile rings and organ trade.[17] The home and office of one of De Graaff's assistants was raided in May 2024 by Belgian and French authorities, respectively, in an investigation into Russian interference in European politics. The Czech government had discovered earlier that MEPs had received payments for repeating Russian talking points through the online publication Voice of Europe.[18]
De Graaff was planning to run for another term in the June 2024 European Parliament election in Belgium's Dutch-speaking electoral college. However, the Flanders chapter of Forum for Democracy, which had been founded in January 2024, did not manage to collect the required 5,000 signatures to participate.[19] De Graaff's second term ended on 15 July 2024.[11]
De Graaff is a Roman Catholic and lives in Rotterdam.[2] He is married to fellow politician Gabriëlle Popken.[20]
| Body | Party | Votes | Result | . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party seats | Individual | |||||||||||
| 2012 | House of Representatives | Party for Freedom | style=text-align:right | 48 | style=text-align:right | 157 | style=text-align:right | 15 | [21] | |||
| 2014 | European Parliament | Party for Freedom | style=text-align:right | 1 | style=text-align:right | style=text-align:right | 4 | |||||
| 2019 | European Parliament | Party for Freedom | style=text-align:right | 1 | style=text-align:right | style=text-align:right | ||||||
| 2023 | Senate | Forum for Democracy | style=text-align:right | 13 | style=text-align:right | style=text-align:right | ||||||
| 2023 | House of Representatives | Forum for Democracy | style=text-align:right | 45 | style=text-align:right | 71 | style=text-align:right | 3 | [22] |