Manumation Explained
Manumation should not be confused with Manumission.
Manumation is the automation of paper based processes in public sector and business without improvement regarding its efficiency.[1] Automation of an inefficient process does not lead to an improvement in case of manumation.[2] This term could be seen as a sarcastic description of the digital replication and mimicking of frequently ineffective and even broken paper-based processes in first phase of the societal digitalisation, from 1995 to 2015.[1]
Manumation is also a term for automated systems, which require more manual work than the original manual process.[3]
Definitions
| Origin | Year | Definition |
|---|
| Motamarri Saradhi[4] | 1994 | "[M]anumation is the narrow interpretation of the work analysis ... as the study of the existing system in view of computerizing its operations" |
William K. Holstein
and
Jakov Crnkovic[5] | 2003 | Formula for manumation is "Old Processes plus New Technology equals Expensive Old Processes" |
| Hans J. Scholl[6] | 2005 | "[C]omputer-aiding existing processes and procedures, while processes and structures basically [remain] unchanged" | |
Examples
Computerized transaction processing is the automation of previously manual transactions.[7]
See also
References
- Scholl . Hans J. . Digital Government: Looking Back and Ahead on a Fascinating Domain of Research and Practice . Digital Government: Research and Practice . 19 February 2020 . 1 . 1 . 7:1–7:12 . 10.1145/3352682 . 211519497 . 2691-199X. free .
- Zandin . Diane . Evaluation and Development of Selection Criteria to Guide Organizational Selection of a Project Management Maturity Model . Regis University Student Publications (Comprehensive Collection) . 14 February 2010 .
- Niemann . Johan . Development of a reconfigurable assembly system with enhanced control capabilities and virtual commissioning . 2013 . Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State . Thesis . 11462/184 . free .
- Saradhi . Motamarri . Re-Engineer: If It Wasn't Engineered! . ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes . April 1994 . 19 . 2 . 17 . 10.1145/181628.969585 . 5311983 . en . 0163-5948.
- Holstein . William K. . Crnkovic . Jakov . Measurement Issues in Decision Support Systems . Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, First Edition . 2005 . 1906–1911 . 10.4018/978-1-59140-553-5.ch336.
- Book: Scholl . Hans Jochen . Electronic Government . Organizational Transformation Through E-Government: Myth or Reality? . Lecture Notes in Computer Science . 2005 . 3591 . 1–11 . 10.1007/11545156_1 . https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/11545156_1 . Springer . 978-3-540-28466-6 . en.
- Barzilai-Nahon . Karine . Scholl . Hans Jochen . Siblings of a Different Kind: E-Government and E-Commerce . Electronic Government . 2010 . 6228 . 25–37 . 10.1007/978-3-642-14799-9_3.
