| Mansa district | |
| Settlement Type: | District of Punjab |
| Coordinates: | 29.9833°N 98°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  India |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Punjab |
| Seat Type: | Headquarters |
| Seat: | Mansa |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 2174 |
| Population Total: | 769,751 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Density Km2: | 350 |
| Demographics Type1: | Languages |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Official |
| Demographics1 Info1: | Punjabi |
| Timezone1: | IST |
| Utc Offset1: | +5:30 |
| Iso Code: | IN-PB |
| Blank1 Name Sec1: | Sex ratio |
| Blank1 Info Sec1: | 1000/880 ♂/♀ |
| Blank2 Name Sec1: | Literacy |
| Blank2 Info Sec1: | 63% |
Mansa district is a district in the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is Mansa city. Mansa district was formed on 13 April 1992 from the erst while district of Bathinda.[1] The district has three tehsils: Mansa, Budhlada and Sardulgarh; and five development blocks: Mansa, Budhlada, Sardulgarh, Bhikhi and Jhunir.[2]
The district is roughly triangular in shape and is bounded on the northwest by Bathinda district, on the northeast by Sangrur district, and on the south by Haryana state. It is situated on the Bathinda-Jind-Delhi railway and the Barnala-Sardulgarh-Sirsa road. The district is divided into three tehsils, Budhlada, Mansa, and Sardulgarh. The Ghaggar River flows through the Sardulgarh Tehsil in the southwestern corner of the district.
Mansa District was formerly a part of the Phulkia Sikh Dynasty (1722–1948) then part of Kaithal Sikh Kingdom (1762–1857).The present district was formed on 13 April 1992 from the erstwhile Bathinda district. The town is said to have been founded by Bhai Gurdas who hailed from Dhingar, Mansa district. He is said to have been married at this place among the Dhaliwal Jat Sikh. Once he came to his in-laws to take his wife along with him but they refused to send her. At this, Bhai Gurdas sat in meditation before the house of his in-laws. After some time, the parents of the girl agreed to send their daughter with Bhai Gurdas. But he refused to take her along with him, stating that he had now renounced the worldly way of life. In his memory, his Smadh was constructed where a fair is held every year in March–April. People in large numbers attend the fair and offer Laddus and Gur (jaggery) at Smadh. Class ‘A’ municipality has been functioning in the town since 1952. The town has two Colleges, viz. Govt. Nehru Memorial Post Graduate College and S.D. Kanya Mahavidyalaya College, 3 Senior Secondary Schools, 90 High Schools, 1 Middle School, 1 Primary School, and one District Library and has one civil hospital, 3 Dispensaries, 1 Ayurvedic, and 4 Homeopathic dispensaries. There are two police stations i.e. PS City and PS Sadar and also a railway station.
The ancient history of the Mansa district has been traced to the Indus Valley civilization. The archaeological finds at different villages of Mansa district are almost similar to those of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro.[3] [4] It is divided into three parts Pre-Harappa, Harappa and Late Harappa.
According to the 2011 census Mansa district has a population of 2,423,655.[5] This gives it a ranking of 489th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 352PD/sqkm, which was second lowest in Punjab. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 11.62%. Mansa has a sex ratio of 880 females for every 1000 males and a literacy rate of 90%.[5]
The table below shows the sex ratio of Mansa district through decades.
| 2011 | 883 | |
| 2001 | 879 | |
| 1991 | 873 | |
| 1981 | 869 | |
| 1971 | 852 | |
| 1961 | 830 | |
| 1951 | 824 |
The table below shows the child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in the rural and urban areas of Mansa district.
| 2011 | 849 | 840 | |
| 2001 | 778 | 783 |
The table below shows the population of different religions in absolute numbers in the urban and rural areas of Mansa district.
| Hindu | 89,262 | 67,277 | 80,272 | 58,953 | |
| Sikh | 70,261 | 5,28,182 | 58,868 | 4,80,646 | |
| Muslim | 2,145 | 8,230 | 1,370 | 5,701 | |
| Christian | 171 | 746 | 71 | 327 | |
| Other religions | 1,765 | 1,722 | 1,848 | 702 |
At the time of the 2011 census, 98.9% of the population spoke Punjabi and 1% Hindi as their first language.[9]
In the year 2017, Mansa district had the second highest number of malaria cases in Punjab at 152.[10]
The table below shows the data from the district nutrition profile of children below the age of 5 years, in Mansa, as of year 2020.
| Stunted | 21,477 | 37% | 30% | |
| Wasted | 7,091 | 12% | 16% | |
| Severely wasted | 1,988 | 3% | 7% | |
| Underweight | 13,296 | 23% | 25% | |
| Overweight/obesity | 1,812 | 3% | 1% | |
| Anemia | 41,220 | 78% | 52% | |
| Total children | 58,648 |
The table below shows the district nutrition profile of Mansa of women between the ages of 15 to 49 years, as of year 2020.
| Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m^2) | 38,200 | 16% | 19% | |
| Overweight/obesity | 78,205 | 33% | 24% | |
| Hypertension | 71,744 | 30% | 20% | |
| Diabetes | 27,628 | 12% | NA | |
| Anemia (non-preg) | 143,012 | 60% | 50% | |
| Anemia (preg) | 7,540 | 68% | 38% | |
| Total women (preg) | 11,052 | |||
| Total women | 237,562 |
Mansa is situated in the cotton belt of Punjab and therefore popularly called the "Area of white gold". Indeed, agriculture forms the backbone of the district economy.
Mansa is home to the largest Thermal Power Plant of Punjab. The Thermal Power Plant has the capacity to produce 1980MW of electricity
Industrially, the district is very deficient, yet some trade and industry is being carried out in urban areas.
In 2010-11, there were 1,974 registered Micro and Small Enterprise (MSE) units in Mansa district, which provided employment to 7,276 people.[13]
Ubha is situated in Mansa District. It is famous for its temple.
Bareta is situated on Bathinda–Delhi railway line.
See main article: Budhlada. Badlada was named after the Budha Singh Badholada, who was a khatri sikh by caste. It is also situated onBathinda-Delhi railway line. It was the largest market of Eastern Punjab and a very big recruitment centre for military personnel.[14]
| No. | Constituency | Name of MLA | Party | Bench | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 96 | Mansa | Vijay Singla | Government | ||
| 97 | Sardulgarh | Gurpreet Singh Banawali | Government | ||
| 98 | Budhlada (SC) | Budhram Singh | Government | ||