Papel languages explained

Papel
Region:	The Gambia, Senegal (esp. Casamance) and Guinea-Bissau
Familycolor:	Niger-Congo
Fam2:	Atlantic–Congo
Fam3:	Bak–Bijago
Fam4:	Bak proper
Fam5:	Jola–Papel
Glotto:	manj1250
Glottorefname:	Manjaku-Mankanya-Pepel
Child1:	Mankanya
Child2:	Mandjak
Child3:	Papel

The Papel languages of southern Senegal, Gambia, and northwestern Guinea-Bissau are an uncontroversial cluster of the Bak languages and form a dialect continuum. All of these names are exonyms.^[1]

Classification

Doneux (1975) classifies the Manjaku (Papel) languages as follows.^[2]

• Manjaku
  • Mankañ
    • Hula
    • Woo
  • Cur
  • Central
    • Bok
      • Lund
      • Bok
      • Tsaam
      • Siärär
    • Coastal
      • Yu
      • Sis
      • Pèpèl

See also

• Proto-Manjaku reconstructions (Wiktionary)

Notes and References

1. Wilson, William André Auquier. 2007. Guinea Languages of the Atlantic group: description and internal classification. (Schriften zur Afrikanistik, 12.) Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
2. Doneux, Jean Léonce. 1975. Lexique manjaku. (Les Langues Africaines au Sénégal, 63.) Dakar: Centre de Linguistique Appliquée de Dakar.