Mallorca (Parliament of the Balearic Islands constituency) explained

Mallorca
Type:Parliament of the Balearic Islands
Electoral
District Label:Island
District:Mallorca
Region Label:Autonomous community
Region:Balearic Islands
Population:912,171 (2019)[1]
Electorate:647,787 (2023)
Towns:Palma, Calvià
Year:1983
Seats:30 (1983–1987)
33 (1987–present)

Mallorca (also Majorca) is one of the four constituencies (Spanish; Castilian: circunscripciones) represented in the Parliament of the Balearic Islands, the regional legislature of the Autonomous Community of the Balearic Islands. The constituency currently elects 33 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of Mallorca. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of five percent.

Until the 2003 election, the results in this district were also used to determine the composition of the Island Council of Mallorca—with the same seats—during the same term as the Parliament. From the 2007 election onwards, a separate election is held. Additionally, on 3 April 1979 the first independent election for the Island Council of Mallorca was held, electing 24 councillors.[2]

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Statute of Autonomy of the Balearic Islands of 1983 and was first contested in the 1983 regional election. The Statute provided for the four main islands in the Balearic archipelago—Majorca, Menorca, Ibiza and Formentera—to be established as multi-member districts in the Parliament of the Balearic Islands, with this regulation being maintained under the 1986 regional electoral law. Each constituency is allocated a fixed number of seats: 33 for Majorca, 13 for Menorca, 12 for Ibiza and 1 for Formentera. The exception was the 1983 election, when these numbers were 30, 12, 11 and 1, respectively.[3] [4] [5]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen, registered in the Balearic Islands and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Balearic citizens abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish; Castilian: Voto rogado) which was abolished in 2022.[6] [7] Seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots; until a 1995 reform, the threshold was set at three percent—being applied in each constituency.[3] [4] [5] The use of the D'Hondt method may result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.[8]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[5] [9] [10]

Deputies

Deputies 1983–present
ParliamentElectionDistribution
1st1983
211611
2nd1987
2113413
3rd1991
311118
4th1995
258216
5th1999
248316
6th2003
239316
7th2007
410316
8th2011
41019
9th2015
5673210
10th2019
34103373
11th2023
410136

Elections

2023 regional election

Summary of the 28 May 2023 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±ppTotal+/−
People's Party (PP)124,401 34.24 +13.7013 +6
Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)97,688 26.89 –0.3010 ±0
Vox (Vox)55,610 15.31 +6.106 +3
More for Mallorca (Més)37,651 10.36 –1.214 ±0
El Pi–Proposal for the Isles (El Pi)17,089 4.70 –4.200 –3
United We Can (EUIB–Podemos)14,496 3.99 –5.420 –3
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (CS)4,940 1.36 –8.820 –3
Progress in Green–PACMA (Progreso en Verde–PACMA)13,596 0.99 –0.340 ±0
Coalition for the Balearics (CperB)762 0.21 New0 ±0
Spanish Liberal Project (PLIE)659 0.18 +0.080 ±0
Political Reset (Reset)509 0.14 New0 ±0
New National Order (Orden)359 0.10 New0 ±0
Blank ballots5,545 1.53 +0.56
Total363,305 33 ±0
Valid votes363,305 98.77 –0.54
Invalid votes4,507 1.23 +0.54
Votes cast / turnout367,812 56.78 +2.20
Abstentions279,975 43.22 –2.20
Registered voters647,787
Sources[11]

2019 regional election

Summary of the 26 May 2019 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±ppTotal+/−
Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)92,658 27.19 +9.0510 +3
People's Party (PP)70,002 20.54 –7.217 –3
More for Mallorca (Més)39,415 11.57 –5.584 –2
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs)34,686 10.18 +2.803 +1
United We Can (Podemos–EUIB)132,080 9.41 –6.903 –2
Vox–Citizen Alternative for Tolerance, Unity and Action (Vox–ACTUA Baleares)31,395 9.21 New3 +3
El Pi–Proposal for the Isles (El Pi)30,319 8.90 +0.123 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)4,529 1.33 +0.330 ±0
Independent Social Group (ASI)785 0.23 –0.040 ±0
Act (PACT)687 0.20 New0 ±0
Four Islands Movement (M4illes)576 0.17 New0 ±0
Spanish Liberal Project (PLIE)344 0.10 –0.050 ±0
Blank ballots3,290 0.97 –0.74
Total340,766 33 ±0
Valid votes340,766 99.31 +0.63
Invalid votes2,366 0.69 –0.63
Votes cast / turnout343,132 54.58 –4.01
Abstentions285,496 45.42 +4.01
Registered voters628,628
Sources[12] [13] [14] [15]

2015 regional election

Summary of the 24 May 2015 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±ppTotal+/−
People's Party (PP)96,435 27.75 –18.7010 –9
Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)63,045 18.14 –5.497 –3
More for Mallorca (Més)159,617 17.15 +6.436 +2
We Can (Podemos/Podem)50,773 14.61 New5 +5
El Pi–Proposal for the Isles (El Pi)230,527 8.78 +1.613 +3
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)25,651 7.38 +7.132 +2
Let's Win the Balearic Islands (Guanyem)35,920 1.70 –1.160 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)3,476 1.00 +0.620 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)3,163 0.91 –1.260 ±0
Independent Social Group (ASI)953 0.27 –0.050 ±0
Family and Life Party (PFyV)802 0.23 +0.100 ±0
Zero Cuts Mallorca (Recortes Cero)612 0.17 New0 ±0
Spanish Liberal Project (PLIE)531 0.15 –0.010 ±0
Blank ballots5,934 1.71 –1.00
Total347,439 33 ±0
Valid votes347,439 98.68 +0.23
Invalid votes4,654 1.32 –0.23
Votes cast / turnout352,093 58.59 –1.28
Abstentions248,846 41.41 +1.28
Registered voters600,939
Sources[16] [17]

2011 regional election

Summary of the 22 May 2011 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±ppTotal+/−
People's Party (PP)156,692 46.45 –0.2119 +3
Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)79,732 23.63 –6.4710 ±0
PSM–Initiative Greens–Agreement (PSM–IV–ExM)136,181 10.72 n/a4 +1
Regionalist League of the Balearic Islands (IB–Lliga)12,294 3.64 New0 ±0
Convergence for the Isles (CxI)211,913 3.53 –4.840 –3
United Left of the Balearic Islands (EUIB)19,642 2.86 n/a0 –1
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)7,336 2.17 New0 ±0
Republican Left (esquerra)15,325 1.58 n/a0 ±0
Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB)2,306 0.68 +0.400 ±0
Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)1,275 0.38 New0 ±0
Independent Social Group (ASI)1,094 0.32 –0.250 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)829 0.25 New0 ±0
Citizens of Democratic Centre (CCD)621 0.18 New0 ±0
Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)567 0.17 +0.010 ±0
Spanish Liberal Project (PLIE)548 0.16 New0 ±0
Dissidents (Dissidents)478 0.14 New0 ±0
Family and Life Party (PFyV)449 0.13 New0 ±0
Republican Social Movement (MSR)298 0.09 New0 ±0
Islander Party of the Balearic Islands (PIIB)282 0.08 –0.030 ±0
Balearic Radical Party (PRB)207 0.06 New0 ±0
Blank ballots9,287 2.71 +0.72
Total337,356 33 ±0
Valid votes337,356 98.45 –0.98
Invalid votes5,305 1.55 +0.98
Votes cast / turnout342,661 59.87 –1.19
Abstentions229,725 40.13 +1.19
Registered voters572,386
Sources[18] [19]

2007 regional election

Summary of the 27 May 2007 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±ppTotal+/−
People's Party (PP)157,135 46.66 +1.6516 ±0
Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)101,364 30.10 +3.7810 +1
Bloc for Mallorca (PSM–EN, EU–EV, ERC)137,572 11.16 –3.784 –1
Majorcan Union (UM)28,178 8.37 –0.823 ±0
Independent Social Group (ASI)1,921 0.57 –1.090 ±0
Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB)937 0.28 New0 ±0
Balearic Party (PB)802 0.24 New0 ±0
Balearic People's Union (UPB)689 0.20 New0 ±0
Key of Mallorca (Clau)546 0.16 –0.720 ±0
Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)543 0.16 +0.030 ±0
Islander Party of the Balearic Islands (PIIB)366 0.11 New0 ±0
Blank ballots6,696 1.99 +0.42
Total336,749 33 ±0
Valid votes336,749 99.43 +0.03
Invalid votes1,937 0.57 –0.03
Votes cast / turnout338,686 61.06 –2.68
Abstentions216,033 38.94 +2.68
Registered voters554,719
Sources[20]

2003 regional election

Summary of the 25 May 2003 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±ppTotal+/−
People's Party (PP)155,641 45.01 +0.5516 ±0
Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)90,998 26.32 +3.269 +1
Majorcan Union (UM)31,781 9.19 +0.123 ±0
Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalist Agreement (PSM–EN)30,964 8.95 –4.483 –1
United Left of Mallorca–The Greens of Mallorca (EU–EV)19,050 5.51 –0.402 ±0
Independent Social Group (ASI)5,751 1.66 +0.860 ±0
Key of Mallorca (Clau)3,030 0.88 New0 ±0
Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)1,667 0.48 +0.100 ±0
Balearic Islands Renewal Party (PRIB)1,031 0.30 New0 ±0
Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)438 0.13 –0.030 ±0
Blank ballots5,440 1.57 –0.16
Total345,791 33 ±0
Valid votes345,791 99.40 +0.12
Invalid votes2,088 0.60 –0.12
Votes cast / turnout347,879 63.74 +6.35
Abstentions197,930 36.26 –6.35
Registered voters545,809
Sources[21] [22]

1999 regional election

Summary of the 13 June 1999 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±ppTotal+/−
People's Party (PP)130,815 44.46 –0.1116 ±0
Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)67,840 23.06 +0.298 ±0
Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalist Agreement (PSM–EN)39,509 13.43 –0.014 –1
Majorcan Union (UM)26,682 9.07 +2.563 +1
United Left of Mallorca–The Greens of Mallorca (EU–EV)117,403 5.91 –3.632 ±0
Independent Social Group (ASI)2,368 0.80 +0.340 ±0
Balearic People's Coalition (CPB)1,643 0.56 New0 ±0
Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)1,106 0.38 –0.130 ±0
Alternative Left of the Balearic Islands (EAIB)675 0.23 New0 ±0
Social Democrats for Progress (SDP)641 0.22 New0 ±0
Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)2473 0.16 +0.060 ±0
Blank ballots5,083 1.73 +0.50
Total294,238 33 ±0
Valid votes294,238 99.28 –0.14
Invalid votes2,126 0.72 +0.14
Votes cast / turnout296,364 57.39 –6.98
Abstentions219,996 42.61 +6.98
Registered voters516,360
Sources[23]

1995 regional election

Summary of the 28 May 1995 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±ppTotal+/−
People's Party (PP)1136,767 44.57 –2.9516 –2
Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)69,865 22.77 –6.628 –3
Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalists of Mallorca (PSM–NM)41,242 13.44 +5.235 +2
Majorcan Union (UM)219,966 6.51 +3.442 +1
United Left of Mallorca (IU)19,846 6.47 +3.912 +2
The Greens of the Balearic Islands (EVIB)9,422 3.07 +0.440 ±0
Balearic Convergence (CB)1,600 0.52 –1.490 ±0
Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)1,576 0.51 New0 ±0
Independent Social Group (ASI)1,425 0.46 New0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)439 0.14 –0.080 ±0
Platform of Independents of Spain (PIE)378 0.12 New0 ±0
Neighborhood Movement–New Socialist Party (MV–NPS)3321 0.10 –0.110 ±0
Balearic Radical Party (PRB)219 0.07 –0.130 ±0
Blank ballots3,789 1.23 +0.40
Total306,855 33 ±0
Valid votes306,855 99.42 +0.05
Invalid votes1,801 0.58 –0.05
Votes cast / turnout308,656 64.37 +3.97
Abstentions179,917 35.63 –3.97
Registered voters479,508
Sources[24]

1991 regional election

Summary of the 25 May 1991 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±ppTotal+/−
People's Party–Majorcan Union (PP–UM)1130,275 47.52 –0.1418 +1
Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)80,569 29.39 –2.4011 ±0
Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalists of Mallorca (PSM–NM)22,522 8.21 +2.293 +1
Independent Union of Mallorca–Independents of Mallorca (UIM–IM)8,429 3.07 New1 +1
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)8,137 2.97 –7.520 –3
The Greens (EV)7,205 2.63 New0 ±0
United Left (EU–IU)7,006 2.56 +0.190 ±0
Balearic Convergence (CB)5,513 2.01 New0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)600 0.22 New0 ±0
Alliance for the Republic (AxR)586 0.21 New0 ±0
Balearic Radical Party (PRB)549 0.20 New0 ±0
Blank ballots2,272 0.83 –0.21
Total274,163 33 ±0
Valid votes274,163 99.37 +0.64
Invalid votes1,732 0.63 –0.64
Votes cast / turnout275,895 60.40 –7.36
Abstentions180,874 39.60 +7.36
Registered voters456,769
Sources[25]

1987 regional election

Summary of the 10 June 1987 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±ppTotal+/−
People's Alliance–Liberal Party (AP–PL)196,470 34.85 +0.5313 +2
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)87,986 31.79 –2.8711 ±0
Majorcan Union (UM)30,247 10.93 –7.394 –2
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)29,028 10.49 +8.113 +3
Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalist Left (PSM–EN)16,383 5.92 –0.712 ±0
United Left (EU–IU)26,549 2.37 –0.180 ±0
People's Democratic Party (PDP)5,212 1.88 New0 ±0
Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC)1,072 0.39 New0 ±0
Life and Autonomy (VIA)961 0.35 New0 ±0
Blank ballots2,883 1.04 +0.48
Total276,791 33 +3
Valid votes276,791 98.73 +0.31
Invalid votes3,554 1.27 –0.31
Votes cast / turnout280,345 67.76 +2.71
Abstentions133,411 32.24 –2.71
Registered voters413,756
Sources[26]

1983 regional election

Summary of the 8 May 1983 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±ppTotal+/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)88,771 34.66 n/a11 n/a
People's Coalition (AP–PDP–UL)87,893 34.32 n/a11 n/a
Majorcan Union (UM)46,915 18.32 n/a6 n/a
Socialist Party of Majorca–Socialist Party of the Islands (PSM–PSI)16,979 6.63 n/a2 n/a
Communist Party of the Balearic Islands (PCIB)6,525 2.55 n/a0 n/a
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)6,101 2.38 n/a0 n/a
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE)1,509 0.59 n/a0 n/a
Blank ballots1,437 0.56 n/a
Total256,130 30 n/a
Valid votes256,130 98.42 n/a
Invalid votes4,101 1.58 n/a
Votes cast / turnout260,231 65.05 n/a
Abstentions139,824 34.95 n/a
Registered voters400,055
Sources[27]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero. Población por islas y por sexo . es . ine.es . . 7 September 2021.
  2. Real Decreto 119/1979, de 26 de enero, por el que se regulan las elecciones de los Consejos Insulares del Archipiélago Balear . Royal Decree . . es . 26 January 1979 . 9 February 2020.
  3. Ley Orgánica 2/1983, de 25 de febrero, de Estatuto de Autonomía para las islas Baleares] ]. Organic Law . 2 . Boletín Oficial del Estado . es . 25 February 1983 . 13 September 2017.
  4. Ley Orgánica 1/2007, de 28 de febrero, de reforma del Estatuto de Autonomía de las Illes Balears] ]. Organic Law . 1 . Boletín Oficial del Estado . es . 28 February 2007 . 13 September 2017.
  5. Ley 8/1986, de 26 de noviembre, Electoral de la Comunidad Autónoma de las Islas Baleares . Law . 8 . Boletín Oficial del Estado . es . 26 November 1986 . 2 February 2020.
  6. Web site: Reig Pellicer . Naiara . 16 December 2015 . Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote . cafebabel.co.uk . 17 July 2017.
  7. News: Araque Conde . Pilar . 8 June 2022 . El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero . es . Público . Madrid . 31 July 2022.
  8. Web site: Gallagher . Michael . 30 July 2012 . Effective threshold in electoral systems . https://web.archive.org/web/20170730092518/http://www.tcd.ie/Political_Science/staff/michael_gallagher/ElSystems/Docts/effthresh.php . dead . 30 July 2017 . Trinity College, Dublin . 22 July 2017.
  9. Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales . Royal Decree-Law . 20 . Boletín Oficial del Estado . es . 18 March 1977 . 14 December 2019.
  10. Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General . Organic Law . 5 . Boletín Oficial del Estado . es . 19 June 1985 . 30 January 2020.
  11. Govern de les Illes Balears . Butlletí Oficial de les Illes Balears . 78 . 13 June 2023 . ca . Proclamació dels diputats i diputades electes com a conseqüència de les eleccions del 28 de maig de 2023 al Parlament de les Illes Balears . 2254-1233 . 35026–35029.
  12. Web site: Proclamation of elected deputies as a result of the 26 May 2019 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election . ca . boib.caib.es . 23 June 2019.
  13. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 26 May 2019 . 4 June 2019 . es . www.juntaelectoralcentral.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 29 November 2019.
  14. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 26 May 2019. Error correction . 8 June 2019 . es . www.juntaelectoralcentral.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 29 November 2019.
  15. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands and Island Council elections since 1979 . ca . historiaelectoral.com . Electoral History . 15 August 2019.
  16. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands election, 2015. Mallorca . es . www.parlamentib.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017.
  17. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 24 May 2015 . 4 June 2015 . es . www.juntaelectoralcentral.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017.
  18. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands elections, 1983-2011 . es . www.parlamentib.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017.
  19. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 22 May 2011 . 1 June 2011 . es . www.juntaelectoralcentral.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017.
  20. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 27 May 2007 . 7 June 2007 . es . www.juntaelectoralcentral.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017.
  21. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands elections, 1983-2003 . es . web.parlamentib.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017.
  22. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 25 May 2003 . 12 June 2003 . es . www.juntaelectoralcentral.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017.
  23. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 13 June 1999 . 29 June 1999 . es . www.juntaelectoralcentral.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017.
  24. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 28 May 1995 . 10 June 1995 . es . www.juntaelectoralcentral.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017.
  25. Web site: Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 26 May 1991 . 2 July 1991 . es . www.juntaelectoralcentral.es . Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017.
  26. Web site: Regional elections, 1987. Balearic Islands . es . www.caib.es . Government of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170928150201/http://www.caib.es/sacmicrofront/archivopub.do?ctrl=MCRST5246ZI165612&id=165612 . 28 September 2017 . dead .
  27. Web site: Regional elections, 1983. Balearic Islands . es . www.caib.es . Government of the Balearic Islands . 28 September 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170928193259/http://www.caib.es/sacmicrofront/archivopub.do?ctrl=MCRST5246ZI165605&id=165605 . 28 September 2017 . dead .

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