| Malik ibn Tawk ibn Malik ibn 'Attab at-Taghlibi مالك بن طوق بن مالك بن عتاب التغليبي | |
| Death Date: | 873 |
| Monarch1: | Al-Mutawakkil |
| Office1: | Governor of Damascus and Jordan |
| Term1: | 847 – 850 |
| Predecessor1: | Rija ibn Ayyub al-Hadari (841–847) |
| Successor1: | al-Mu'ayyad |
| Office2: | Governor of Mosul |
| Term2: | 829 – 831 |
| Monarch2: | al-Mamun |
| Predecessor2: | Muhammed ibn al-Sayyid ibn Anas (827–828) |
| Successor2: | Mansur ibn Bassam (c.834–838) |
| Parents: | Tawk ibn Malik ibn Attab at-Taghlibi |
Malik ibn Tawk ibn Malik ibn 'Attab at-Taghlibi (died 873) was an Arab Abbasid official during the reigns of caliphs al-Wathiq (r. 842–847) and al-Mutawakkil (r. 847–861). He is best known as the founder of the fortress town of al-Rahba on the western banks of the Euphrates, part of the present-day Syrian town of Mayadin.
Malik ibn Tawk belonged to the Arab tribe of Banu Taghlib and traced his lineage to the 6th-century Taghlibi poet warrior Amr ibn Kulthum.[1] His father, Tawk ibn Malik, served as governor of Diyar Rabi'a, the district of the eastern Jazira (Upper Mesopotamia) under the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun (r. 813–833). He also served as a general under al-Ma'mun's predecessor, Caliph Harun al-Rashid (r. 786–809),[1] Some Muslim sources have often incorrectly made the son Malik ibn Tawk to have been the one in the service of Harun and al-Ma'mun instead of his father. Malik ibn Tawk served under the caliphs al-Wathiq (r. 842–847) and al-Mutawakkil (r. 847–861) as the governor of Jund al-Urdunn (military district of Jordan) and Jund Dimashq (military district of Damascus).
Sometime in the latter half of the 9th century, Malik convinced his kinsman, Sahl ibn Bishr, a great-grandson of the 7th-century Taghlibi poet al-Akhtal, to convert to islam from Christianity along with the other direct descendants of al-Akhtal. Malik founded the Euphrates Valley fortress of al-Rahba and became its lord. The fortress town was since alternatively known as "Rahbat Malik ibn Tawk".[1] He died in 873.[1] His son Ahmad succeeded him as the lord of al-Rahba, but was forced out of the town in 883 by the lord of al-Anbar, Muhammad ibn Abi'l-Saj.The al-Rahabi clan of the Euphrates basin, claims descent from Malik ibn Tawk.