Malayang Pagkakaisa ng Kabataang Pilipino explained

Malayang Pagkakaisa ng Kabataang Pilipino
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Malayang Pagkakaisa ng Kabataang Pilipino (Tagalog, "Free Union of Filipino Youth"), abbreviated MPKP was a youth organization in the Philippines. It was the youth and student wing of the pro-Soviet Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930 (PKP).^[1] The MPKP was founded on November 30, 1967, as the PKP broke its links with the Kabataang Makabayan ("Patriotic Youth").^{[2] [3]} Whilst the KM developed a Maoist orientation under the leadership of Jose Maria Sison, the MPKP argued that protracted revolutionary war was not feasible considering the geography of the Philippines (a scattered archipelago, not bordering any socialist state).^[4] Some six hundred delegates took part in the founding congress of the MPKP, held in Cabiao, Nueva Ecija.^[3] The leading group of the MPKP had belonged to the KM in Central Luzon.^[3] Francisco Nemenzo Jr. was amongst the founders of the MPKP.^[5] As of 1970, the MPKP was estimated to have some 5,000 members, predominantly young peasants and rural workers.^[6] The MPKP published Struggle as its organ.^[7]

The MPKP participated in the Movement for a Democratic Philippines (MDP), a coalition of student movements born out of the protests against the 1969 elections.^{[8] [9]} Ruben Torres, a lawyer who graduated from the University of the Philippines in 1966, was the president of the MPKP in 1970.^{[10] [11]}

The MPKP was banned in 1972, as martial law was declared.^[12] As of that year, the estimated MPKP membership stood at around 10,000.^[13]

Imprisoned MPKP members were offered amnesty through Presidential Decree No. 571-A, which was signed on November 22, 1974 (this included amnesty for the PKP and related organizations).^[14]

See also

• Kabataang Makabayan
• Student movement in the Philippines (1965–1972)

Notes and References

1. Book: Barbara Gaerlan. The Politics and Pedagogy of Language Use at the University of the Philippines: The History of English as the Medium of Instruction and the Challenge Mounted by Filipino. 1998. University of California, Los Angeles. 226.
2. Book: Benigno S. Aquino. Simeon G. Del Rosario. Surfacing the Underground, Part II: The Involvements of Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. with 29 Perpetuated Testimonies Appended. 1977. Manlapaz Pub.. 67.
3. Book: Samantha Christiansen. Zachary A. Scarlett. The Third World in the Global 1960s. 2013. Berghahn Books. 978-0-85745-573-4. 203.
4. Book: Philippines Free Press. 14. 64. April 1971. Free Press. 7.
5. Book: Pacific Research & World Empire Telegram. 1–6. 1969. Pacific Studies Center.
6. Blackburn, Robin. Rebirth of the Filipino Revolution
7. Book: William J. Pomeroy. American Made Tragedy: Neo Colonialism and Dictatorship in the Philippines. 1974. International Publishers Company, Incorporated. 978-0-7178-0360-6. 182.
8. Book: Earl Browder. Herbert Aptheker. Gus Hall. Political Affairs. 51. 1972. New Century Publishers. 31.
9. Book: Solidarity. 7. 1972. Solidaridad Publishing House. 61.
10. Book: Philippine Weekly Economic Review. 18. 1970. Philippine Association.. 163.
11. Book: Nick Joaquin. A Kadre's Road to Damascus: The Ruben Torres Story. 2003. Milflores Pub.. 978-971-828-018-8. 75.
12. IISG. Anna Liza (Neng) Magno Papers 1965-2012
13. Book: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. James G. Lowenstein. Richard M. Moose. Korea and the Philippines: November 1972: A Staff Report. 1973. U.S. Government Printing Office. 30.
14. Book: Myrna S. Feliciano. Subject Guide to Presidential Decrees and Other Presidential Issuances (from the Proclamation of Martial Law Up to June 1975). 1975. U.P. Law Center. 64.