| Country: | Madagascar |
| Type: | Presidential |
| Previous Election: | 1996 Malagasy presidential election |
| Previous Year: | 1996 |
| Election Date: | 16 December 2001 |
| Next Election: | 2006 Malagasy presidential election |
| Next Year: | 2006 |
| Turnout: | 67.94% |
| Image1: | Marc Ravalomanana 2005-04-19.jpg |
| Nominee1: | Marc Ravalomanana |
| Party1: | Tiako i Madagasikara |
| Popular Vote1: | 2,306,600 |
| Percentage1: | 51.46% |
| Nominee2: | Didier Ratsiraka |
| Party2: | Association for the Rebirth of Madagascar |
| Popular Vote2: | 1,609,151 |
| Percentage2: | 35.90% |
| President | |
| Before Election: | Didier Ratsiraka |
| Before Party: | Association for the Rebirth of Madagascar |
| Posttitle: | President |
| After Election: | Marc Ravalomanana |
| After Party: | Tiako i Madagasikara |
Presidential elections were held in Madagascar on 16 December 2001.[1] Initial results suggested a second round was necessary, as neither incumbent President Didier Ratsiraka nor Marc Ravalomanana, the two main candidates, had won a majority. However, Ravalomanana rejected the results and declared himself President in February 2002, resulting in violence breaking out between supporters of the two candidates.[2] A recount was held, after which Ravalomanana was awarded 51.46% of the votes, and in April the High Constitutional Court declared him the winner. Although Ratsiraka rejected the verdict, the United States recognised Ravalomanana as President in June, and the following month Ratsiraka fled to France.[2]