Maithil Vivah (Devanagari: मैथिल विवाह) is a tradition of marriage between Maithil man and woman in the Mithila region of the Indian subcontinent.
It is based on the traditional system of marriage in Hinduism. The major sources of the processes of the Maithil Vivah are the Mantras of the Vedic scriptures. In the Mithila region, there is a separate literature text dedicated to the Maithil Vivah. The literary text is known as Shree Maithili Vivah Padavali.[1] Maithil Vivah is an arranged marriage system in the subcontinent. The bride and groom in the Maithil Vivah system are able to understand each other only during the marriage rituals. The institution or system of the Maithil Vivah is conservative which helps the married couple in making the strong marriage life forever.[2] [3] [4]
| Maithil Vivah | |
| Native Name: | मैथिल विवाह |
| Native Name Lang: | Mai |
| Type: | Traditional Arrange Marriage |
| Origin: | Mithila region |
| Country: | India and Nepal |
| Region: | Indian subcontinent |
| Etymology: | Traditional marriage in Mithila |
| Members: | Maithil bride and groom |
| Traditions: | Hinduism |
In the tradition of Maithil Vivah, a Ghatak who is basically mediator between parents of bride and groom, plays an important role in finding groom for a bride. The process of finding groom for a bride and arranging marriage between them is called Ghatkaiti (Romanised: Ghaṭakaitī) in the Mithila region of the subcontinent.[5]
There are some special traditions in the process of Maithil Vivah, which are not generally seen in other parts of the subcontinent in Hinduism. For example when the groom arrives at the bride's door, he has to change his some clothes in front of everyone to examine that whether the groom has any physical defect or not. Similarly Aam-Mahu Vivah (special marriage between a mango and mahua tree) procedure in the village of the bride before the arrival of the groom and his processions at the door of the bride.[6] [7] At bride's home a bidhkari is assigned to the bride who helps in performing the rituals of the marriage. An experienced woman from the family or relatives of the bride who is responsible for getting all the rituals done is called Bidhakari.
The procedure of the marriage in the tradition of the Maithil Vivah starts with Parichhan. During the Parichhan, the groom is asked some practical questions related to the domestic life by the Bidhkari and some ladies relatives of the bride. After the Parichhan process, the groom is taken into Kohabar Ghar. The Kohabar Ghar is a special room in the house of the bride where Kuldevata is established and the rituals of the marriage is performed. In the Kohabar Ghar, first of all the process of Naina-Jogin is conducted. In the Naina-Jogin process, the bride and sister-in-law are hid under some clothes and the groom has to identify the future wife and the sister-in-law without seeing them. In this process, the groom's discerning eye is tested. Apart from the test, the ladies relatives of the bride take enjoyments from this process.[8]