| Mahmud Shah Malay: {{Script|Arab|محمود شاه | |
| Succession: | Sultan of Pahang |
| Reign: | 13 April 1909 – 19 June 1917 |
| Coronation: | 29 May 1914 |
| Cor-Type: | Installation |
| Predecessor: | Sultan Ahmad Al-Mu’azzam Shah |
| Successor: | Sultan Abdullah Al-Mu’tassim Billah Shah |
| Full Name: | Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Sultan Mahmud Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Ahmad Al-Mu’azzam Shah |
| Spouse: | Cik Hajjah Aminah binti Haji Abdul Halim Tengku Ampuan Mariam Binti Al-Marhum Sultan Abu Bakar Al-Khalil Ibrahim Shah Che Engku Umaiyah binti Tun Mansur |
| Father: | Sultan Ahmad Al-Mu’azzam Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Bendahara Sri Maharaja Tun Ali |
| Mother: | Cik Pah binti Arshad |
| Birth Date: | 4 February 1868 |
| Birth Place: | Pekan, Pahang |
| Death Place: | Istana Sri Terentang, Tanjung, Kuala Pahang, Pahang |
| Burial Date: | 20 June 1917 |
| Burial Place: | Royal Cemetery, Kampung Marhum, Kuala Pahang, Pahang |
| Religion: | Sunni Islam |
Sultan Mahmud Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Ahmad Al-Mu’azzam Shah (Jawi: Malay: سلطان محمود شاه ابن المرحوم سلطان أحمد المعظم شاه; 4 February 1868 – 19 June 1917) was the second modern Sultan of Pahang reigning from 1914 to 1917. Born as Tun Long Mahmud, he was the second and eldest surviving son of Sultan Ahmad Muʽazzam by his second wife, Cik Pah binti Arshad.
Born at the Royal Palace, Pekan Lama, on 4 February 1868, as Tun Long Mahmud, he was the second and eldest surviving son Sultan Ahmad Muʽazzam of Pahang, by his second wife, Cik Pah binti Arshad. Raised to the title of Tengku on 5 December 1884. His poor health prevented him from taking active part in affairs of the state following his accession, and he died in 1917, leaving no heir. He was succeeded by his brother, Abdullah al-Mu'tassim Billah of Pahang.