| Mahmud Shah I Malay: {{Script|Arab|محمود شاه ١ | |
| Sultan of Kedah | |
| Reign: | 24 August 1280 – 22 May 1321 |
| Predecessor: | Muzzil Shah |
| Successor: | Ibrahim Shah |
| Spouse: | Tunku Aisha |
| Issue: | Sultan Ibrahim Shah Tunku Azlin Tunku Putri Zubaida |
| House: | Kedah |
| Father: | Muzzil Shah |
| Death Date: | 22 May 1321 |
| Death Place: | Istana, Kota Sungai Mas |
| Place Of Burial: | Kota Sungai Mas Royal Cemetery |
| Religion: | Sunni Islam |
Paduka Sri Sultan Mahmud Shah I ibni al-Marhum Sultan Muzzil Shah (Jawi: ڤدوك سري سلطان محمود شاه ١ ابن المرحوم سلطان مزعل شاه; died 22 May 1321) was the fifth Sultan of Kedah and reigned from 1280 to 1321. He ordered the construction of Kota Seputih and Kota Di Hulu Sungai Merpah as a fortress from the Tenasserim tribe.